arXiv subjects

Ettore Bernardi

Publications and source records attributed to Ettore Bernardi.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Table-top nanodiamond interferometer enabling quantum gravity tests

Along the path of unifying quantum theory and general relativity, it has recently been argued that the observation of gravity-induced entanglement could demonstrate the quantum nature of gravity; a few experimental proposals have been advanced, but extreme technological requirements make their implementation still far. Here we propose a table-top interferometer that, by relying on quantum superpositions of steady nanodiamonds, enables less demanding quantum gravity tests requiring short-range time-varying magnetic fields (much easier to implement) and allowing to recycle the exploited quantum probes (granting shorter acquisition times and increased precision).

quant-ph↗

arXiv2024

The Bose-Marletto-Vedral experiment with nanodiamond interferometers: an insight on entanglement detection

Recently, it has been proposed a new method [arXiv:2405.21029] to detect quantum gravity effects, based on generating gravitational entanglement between two nano-diamonds with Nitrogen-Vacancy defects, in a magnetically trapped configuration. Here we analyse in detail the proposed experimental setup, with a particular focus on implementing the detection of the gravitationally-induced entanglement using an optical readout based on measuring the position of the nano-diamonds and its complementary basis. We also summarise some of the key theoretical and experimental ideas on which this proposed scheme is based.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2022

Magnesium-vacancy optical centers in diamond

We provide the first systematic characterization of the structural and photoluminescence properties of optically active defect centers fabricated upon implantation of 30-100 keV Mg+ ions in artificial diamond. The structural configurations of Mg-related defects were studied by the emission channeling technique for 27Mg implantations performed both at room-temperature and 800 °C, which allowed the identification of a major fraction of Mg atoms (~30-42%) in sites which are compatible with the split-vacancy structure of the MgV complex. A smaller fraction of Mg atoms (~13-17%) was found on substitutional sites. The photoluminescence emission was investigated both at the ensemble and individual defect level in a temperature range comprised between 5 K and 300 K, offering a detailed picture of the MgV-related emission properties and revealing the occurrence of previously unreported spectral features. The optical excitability of the MgV center was also studied as a function of the optical excitation wavelength enabling to identify the optimal conditions for photostable and intense emission. The results are discussed in the context of the preliminary experimental data and the theoretical models available in the literature, with appealing perspectives for the utilization of the tunable properties of the MgV center for quantum information processing applications.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2021

Emergence of Constructor-based Irreversibility in Quantum Systems: Theory and Experiment

The issue of irreversibility in a universe with time-reversal-symmetric laws is a central problem in physics. % , and, in particular, to statistical mechanics, information theory and quantum thermodynamics. In this letter, we discuss for the first time how irreversibility can emerge within the recently proposed constructor theory framework. Here irreversibility is expressed as the requirement that a task is possible, while its inverse is not. In particular, we demonstrate that this irreversibility is compatible with quantum theory's time reversal symmetric laws, by exploiting a specific model, based on the universal quantum homogeniser, realised experimentally with high-quality single-photon qubits.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2020

Is a quantum biosensing revolution approaching?

Understanding the human brain remains one of the most significant challenges of the 21st century. As theoretical studies continue to improve the description of the complex mechanisms that regulate biological processes, in parallel numerous experiments are conducted to enrich or verify these theoretical predictions and with the aim of extrapolating more accurate models. In the field of magnetometers for biological application, among the various sensors proposed for this purpose, NV centers have emerged as a promising solution due to their perfect biocompatibility and the possibility of being positioned in close proximity and even inside the cell, allowing a nanometric spatial resolution. There are still many difficulties that must be overcome in order to obtain both spatial resolution and sensitivity capable of revealing the very weak biological electromagnetic fields generated by neurons (or other cells). However, over the last few years, significant improvements have been achieved in this direction, thanks to the use of innovative techniques, which allow us to hope for an early application of these sensors for the measurement of fields such as the one generated by cardiac tissue, if not, in perspective, for the nerve fibers fields. In this review, we will analyze the new results regarding the application of NV centers and we will discuss the main challenges that currently prevent these quantum sensors from reaching their full potential.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2020

Biocompatible technique for nanoscale magnetic field sensing with Nitrogen-Vacancy centers

The possibility of using Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamonds to measure nanoscale magnetic fields with unprecedented sensitivity is one of the most significant achievements of quantum sensing. Here we present an innovative experimental set-up, showing an achieved sensitivity comparable to the state of the art ODMR protocols if the sensing volume is taken into account. The apparatus allows magnetic sensing in biological samples such as individual cells, as it is characterized by a small sensing volume and full bio-compatibility. The sensitivity at different optical powers is studied to extend this technique to the intercellular scale.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2019

Nanoscale sensing based on nitrogen vacancy centersin single crystal diamond and nanodiamonds:achievements and challenges

Powered by the mutual developments in instrumentation, materials andtheoretical descriptions, sensing and imaging capabilities of quantum emitters insolids have significantly increased in the past two decades. Quantum emitters insolids, whose properties resemble those of atoms and ions, provide alternative waysto probing natural and artificial nanoscopic systems with minimum disturbance andultimate spatial resolution. Among those emerging quantum emitters, the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center in diamond is an outstanding example due to its intrinsicproperties at room temperature (highly-luminescent, photo-stable, biocompatible,highly-coherent spin states). This review article summarizes recent advances andachievements in using NV centers within nano- and single crystal diamonds in sensingand imaging. We also highlight prevalent challenges and material aspects for differenttypes of diamond and outline the main parameters to consider when using color centersas sensors. As a novel sensing resource, we highlight the properties of NV centersas light emitting electrical dipoles and their coupling to other nanoscale dipoles e.g.graphene.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2017

Nanoscale Sensing Using Point Defects in Single-Crystal Diamond: Recent Progress on Nitrogen Vacancy Center-Based Sensors

Individual, luminescent point defects in solids so called color centers are atomic-sized quantum systems enabling sensing and imaging with nanoscale spatial resolution. In this overview, we introduce nanoscale sensing based on individual nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. We discuss two central challenges of the field: First, the creation of highly-coherent, shallow NV centers less than 10 nm below the surface of single-crystal diamond. Second, the fabrication of tip-like photonic nanostructures that enable efficient fluorescence collection and can be used for scanning probe imaging based on color centers with nanoscale resolution.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2014

Realization of a diamond based high density multi electrode array by means of deep ion beam lithography

In the present work we report about a parallel-processing ion beam fabrication technique whereby high-density sub-superficial graphitic microstructures can be created in diamond. Ion beam implantation is an effective tool for the structural modification of diamond: in particular ion-damaged diamond can be converted into graphite, therefore obtaining an electrically conductive phase embedded in an optically transparent and highly insulating matrix. The proposed fabrication process consists in the combination of Deep Ion Beam Lithography (DIBL) and Focused Ion Beam (FIB) milling. FIB micromachining is employed to define micro-apertures in the contact masks consisting of thin (<10 um) deposited metal layers through which ions are implanted in the sample. A prototypical single-cell biosensor was realized with the above described technique. The biosensor has 16 independent electrodes converging inside a circular area of 20 um diameter (typical neuroendocrine cells size) for the simultaneous recording of amperometric signals.

physics.ins-det↗