arXiv subjects

Eusebio Gardella

Publications and source records attributed to Eusebio Gardella.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2018

Applications of model theory to C*-dynamics

We initiate the study of compact group actions on C*-algebras from the perspective of model theory, and present several applications to C*-dynamics. Firstly, we prove that the continuous part of the central sequence algebra of a strongly self-absorbing action is indistinguishable from the continuous part of the sequence algebra, and in fact equivariantly isomorphic under the Continuum Hypothesis. As another application, we present a unified approach to several dimensional inequalities in C*-algebras, which is done through the notion of order zero dimension for an (equivariant) *-homomorphism. Finiteness of the order zero dimension implies that the dimension of the target algebra can be bounded by the dimension of the domain. The dimension can be, among others, decomposition rank, nuclear dimension, or Rokhlin dimension. As a consequence, we obtain new inequalities for these quantities. As a third application we obtain the following result: if a C*-algebra $A$ absorbs a strongly self-absorbing C*-algebra $D$, and $α$ is an action of a compact group $G$ on $A$ with finite Rokhlin dimension with commuting towers, then $α$ absorbs any strongly self-absorbing action of $G$ on $% D$. This has a number of interesting consequences, already in the case of the trivial action on $D$. For example, we deduce that $D$-stability passes from $A$ to the crossed product. Additionally, in many cases of interest, our result restricts the possible values of the Rokhlin dimension to $0, 1$ and $\infty$, showing a striking parallel to the behavior of the nuclear dimension for simple C*-algebras. We also show that an action of a finite group with finite Rokhlin dimension with commuting towers automatically has the Rokhlin property if the algebra is UHF-absorbing.

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arXiv2018

Extending representations of Banach algebras to their biduals

We show that a representation of a Banach algebra $A$ on a Banach space $X$ can be extended to a canonical representation of $A^{**}$ on $X$ if and only if certain orbit maps $A\to X$ are weakly compact. When this is the case, we show that the essential space of the representation is complemented if $A$ has a bounded left approximate identity. This provides a tool to disregard the difference between degenerate and nondegenerate representations. Our results have interesting consequences both in C*-algebras and in abstract harmonic analysis. For example, a C*-algebra $A$ has an isometric representation on an $L^p$-space, for $p\in[1,\infty)\setminus\{2\}$, if and only if $A$ is commutative. Moreover, the $L^p$-operator algebra of a locally compact group is universal with respect to arbitrary representations on $L^p$-spaces.

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arXiv2018

Actions of nonamenable groups on $\mathcal{Z}$-stable $C^*$-algebras

We study strongly outer actions of discrete groups on C*-algebras in relation to (non)amenability. In contrast to related results for amenable groups, where uniqueness of strongly outer actions on the Jiang-Su algebra is expected, we show that uniqueness fails for all nonamenable groups, and that the failure is drastic. Our main result implies that if $G$ contains a copy of the free group, then there exist uncountable many, non-cocycle conjugate strongly outer actions of $G$ on any Jiang-Su stable tracial C*-algebra. Similar conclusions apply for outer actions on McDuff tracial von Neumann algebras. We moreover show that $G$ is amenable if and only if the Bernoulli shift on a finite strongly self-absorbing C*-algebra absorbs the trivial action on the Jiang-Su algebra. Our methods consist in a careful study of weak containments of the Koopman representations of different Bernoulli-type actions.

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arXiv2018

Rokhlin dimension for compact quantum group actions

We show that, for a given compact or discrete quantum group $G$, the class of actions of $G$ on C*-algebras is first-order axiomatizable in the logic for metric structures. As an application, we extend the notion of Rokhlin property for $G$-C*-algebra, introduced by Barlak, Szabó, and Voigt in the case when $G$ is second countable and coexact, to an arbitrary compact quantum group $G$. All the the preservations and rigidity results for Rokhlin actions of second countable coexact compact quantum groups obtained by Barlak, Szabó, and Voigt are shown to hold in this general context. As a further application, we extend the notion of equivariant order zero dimension for equivariant *-homomorphisms, introduced in the classical setting by the first and third authors, to actions of compact quantum groups. This allows us to define the Rokhlin dimension of an action of a compact quantum group on a C*-algebra, recovering the Rokhlin property as Rokhlin dimension zero. We conclude by establishing a preservation result for finite nuclear dimension and finite decomposition rank when passing to fixed point algebras and crossed products by compact quantum group actions with finite Rokhlin dimension.

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arXiv2018

Compact group actions with the Rokhlin property

We provide a systematic and in-depth study of compact group actions with the Rokhlin property. It is show that the Rokhlin property is generic in some cases of interest; the case of totally disconnected groups being the most satisfactory one. One of our main results asserts that the inclusion of the fixed point algebra induces an order-embedding on K-theory, and that it has a splitting whenever it is restricted to finitely generated subgroups. We develop new results in the context of equivariant semiprojectivity to study actions with the Rokhlin property. For example, we characterize when the translation action of a compact group on itself is equivariantly semiprojective. As an application, it is shown that every Rokhlin action of a compact Lie group of dimension at most one is a dual action. Similarly, for an action of a compact Lie group G on C(X), the Rokhlin property is equivalent to freeness together with triviality of the principal G-bundle $X\to X/G$.

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arXiv2017

Actions of rigid groups on UHF-algebras

Let $Λ$ be a countably infinite property (T) group, and let $D$ be UHF-algebra of infinite type. We prove that there exists a continuum of pairwise non (weakly) cocycle conjugate, strongly outer actions of $Λ$ on $D$. The proof consists in assigning, to any second countable abelian pro-$p$ group $G$, a strongly outer action of $Λ$ on $D$ whose (weak) cocycle conjugacy class completely remembers the group $G$. The group $G$ is reconstructed from the action through its (weak) 1-cohomology set endowed with a canonical pairing function. Our construction also shows the following stronger statement: the relations of conjugacy, cocycle conjugacy, and weak cocycle conjugacy of strongly outer actions of $Λ$ on $D$ are complete analytic sets, and in particular not Borel. The same conclusions hold more generally when $Λ$ is only assumed to contain an infinite subgroup with relative property (T), and for actions on (not necessarily simple) separable, nuclear, UHF-absorbing, self-absorbing C*-algebras with at least one trace. Finally, we use the techniques of this paper to construct outer actions on $R$ with prescribed cohomology. Precisely, for every infinite property (T) group $Λ$, and for every countable abelian group $Γ$, we construct an outer action of $Λ$ on $R$ whose 1-cohomology is isomorphic to $Γ$.

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arXiv2017

The complexity of conjugacy, orbit equivalence, and von Neumann equivalence of actions of nonamenable groups

Building on work of Popa, Ioana, and Epstein--Törnquist, we show that, for every nonamenable countable discrete group $Γ$, the relations of conjugacy, orbit equivalence, and von Neumann equivalence of free ergodic (or weak mixing) measure preserving actions of $Γ$ on the standard atomless probability space are not Borel, thus answering questions of Kechris. This is an optimal and definitive result, which establishes a neat dichotomy with the amenable case, since any two free ergodic actions of an amenable group on the standard atomless probability space are orbit equivalent by classical results of Dye and Ornstein--Weiss. The statement about conjugacy solves the nonamenable case of Halmos' conjugacy problem in Ergodic Theory, originally posed by Halmos in 1956 for ergodic transformations. In order to obtain these results, we study ergodic (or weak mixing) class-bijective extensions of a given ergodic countable probability measure preserving equivalence relation $R$. When $R$ is nonamenable, we show that the relations of isomorphism and von Neumann equivalence of extensions of $R$ are not Borel. When $R$ is amenable, all the extensions of $R$ are again amenable, and hence isomorphic by classical results of Dye and Connes--Feldman--Weiss. This approach allows us to extend the results about group actions mentioned above to the case of nonamenable locally compact unimodular groups, via the study of their cross-section equivalence relations.

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arXiv2017

Representations of étale groupoids on $L^p$-spaces

For $p\in (1,\infty)$, we study representations of étale groupoids on $L^{p}$-spaces. Our main result is a generalization of Renault's disintegration theorem for representations of étale groupoids on Hilbert spaces. We establish a correspondence between $L^{p}$-representations of an étale groupoid $G$, contractive $L^{p}$-representations of $C_{c}(G)$, and tight regular $L^{p}$-representations of any countable inverse semigroup of open slices of $G$ that is a basis for the topology of $G$. We define analogs $F^{p}(G)$ and $F_{\mathrm{red}}^{p}(G)$ of the full and reduced groupoid C*-algebras using representations on $L^{p}$-spaces. As a consequence of our main result, we deduce that every contractive representation of $F^{p}(G)$ or $F_{\mathrm{red}}^{p}(G)$ is automatically completely contractive. Examples of our construction include the following natural families of Banach algebras: discrete group $L^{p}$-operator algebras, the analogs of Cuntz algebras on $L^{p}$-spaces, and the analogs of AF-algebras on $L^{p}$-spaces. Our results yield new information about these objects: their matricially normed structure is uniquely determined. More generally, groupoid $L^{p}$-operator algebras provide analogs of several families of classical C*-algebras, such as Cuntz-Krieger C*-algebras, tiling C*-algebras, and graph C*-algebras.

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arXiv2016

Representations of $p$-convolution algebras on $L^q$-spaces

For a nontrivial locally compact group $G$, and $p\in [1,\infty)$, consider the Banach algebras of $p$-pseudofunctions, $p$-pseudomeasures, $p$-convolvers, and the full group $L^p$-operator algebra. We show that these Banach algebras are operator algebras if and only if $p=2$. More generally, we show that for $q\in [1,\infty)$, these Banach algebras can be represented on an $L^q$-space if and only if one of the following holds: (a) $p=2$ and $G$ is abelian; or (b) $|\frac 1p - \frac 12|=|\frac 1q - \frac 12|$. This result can be interpreted as follows: for $p,q\in [1,\infty)$, the $L^p$- and $L^q$-representation theories of a group are incomparable, except in the trivial cases when they are equivalent. As an application, we show that, for distinct $p,q\in [1,\infty)$, if the $L^p$ and $L^q$ crossed products of a topological dynamical system are isomorphic, then $\frac 1p + \frac 1q=1$. In order to prove this, we study the following relevant aspects of $L^p$-crossed products: existence of approximate identities, duality with respect to $p$, and existence of canonical isometric maps from group algebras into their multiplier algebras.

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arXiv2016

The equivariant Cuntz semigroup

We introduce an equivariant version of the Cuntz semigroup, that takes an action of a compact group into account. The equivariant Cuntz semigroup is naturally a semimodule over the representation semiring of the given group. Moreover, this semimodule satisfies a number of additional structural properties. We show that the equivariant Cuntz semigroup, as a functor, is continuous and stable. Moreover, cocycle conjugate actions have isomorphic associated equivariant Cuntz semigroups. One of our main results is an analog of Julg's theorem: the equivariant Cuntz semigroup is canonically isomorphic to the Cuntz semigroup of the crossed product. We compute the induced semimodule structure on the crossed product, which in the abelian case is given by the dual action. As an application of our results, we show that freeness of a compact Lie group action on a compact Hausdorff space can be characterized in terms of a canonically defined map into the equivariant Cuntz semigroup, extending results of Atiyah and Segal for equivariant $K$-theory. Finally, we use the equivariant Cuntz semigroup to classify locally representable actions on direct limits of one-dimensional NCCW-complexes, generalizing work of Handelman and Rossmann.

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arXiv2016

Crossed products by compact group actions with the Rokhlin property

We present a systematic study of the structure of crossed products and fixed point algebras by compact group actions with the Rokhlin property on not necessarily unital C*-algebras. Our main technical result is the existence of an approximate homomorphism from the algebra to its subalgebra of fixed points, which is a left inverse for the canonical inclusion. Upon combining this with results regarding local approximations, we show that a number of classes characterized by inductive limit decompositions with weakly semiprojective building blocks, are closed under formation of crossed products by such actions. Similarly, in the presence of the Rokhlin property, if the algebra has any of the following properties, then so do the crossed product and the fixed point algebra: being a Kirchberg algebra, being simple and having tracial rank zero or one, having real rank zero, having stable rank one, absorbing a strongly self-absorbing C*-algebra, satisfying the Universal Coefficient Theorem (in the simple, nuclear case), and being weakly semiprojective. The ideal structure of crossed products and fixed point algebras by Rokhlin actions is also studied. The methods of this paper unify, under a single conceptual approach, the work of a number of authors, who used rather different techniques. Our methods yield new results even in the well-studied case of finite group actions with the Rokhlin property.

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arXiv2016

Quotients of Banach algebras acting on $L^p$-spaces

We show that the class of Banach algebras that can be isometrically represented on an $L^p$-space, for $p\neq 2$, is not closed under quotients. This answers a question asked by Le Merdy 20 years ago. Our methods are heavily reliant on our earlier study of Banach algebras generated by invertible isometries of $L^p$-spaces.

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arXiv2015

Group algebras acting on $L^p$-spaces

For $p\in [1,\infty)$ we study representations of a locally compact group $G$ on $L^p$-spaces and $QSL^p$-spaces. The universal completions $F^p(G)$ and $F^p_{\mathrm{QS}}(G)$ of $L^1(G)$ with respect to these classes of representations (which were first considered by Phillips and Runde, respectively), can be regarded as analogs of the full group \ca{} of $G$ (which is the case $p=2$). We study these completions of $L^1(G)$ in relation to the algebra $F^p_λ(G)$ of $p$-pseudofunctions. We prove a characterization of group amenability in terms of certain canonical maps between these universal Banach algebras. In particular, $G$ is amenable if and only if $F^p_{\mathrm{QS}}(G)=F^p(G)=F^p_λ(G)$. One of our main results is that for $1\leq p< q\leq 2$, there is a canonical map $γ_{p,q}\colon F^p(G)\to F^q(G)$ which is contractive and has dense range. When $G$ is amenable, $γ_{p,q}$ is injective, and it is never surjective unless $G$ is finite. We use the maps $γ_{p,q}$ to show that when $G$ is discrete, all (or one) of the universal completions of $L^1(G)$ are amenable as a Banach algebras if and only if $G$ is amenable. Finally, we exhibit a family of examples showing that the characterizations of group amenability mentioned above cannot be extended to $L^p$-operator crossed products of topological spaces.

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arXiv2015

Nonclassifiability of UHF $L^p$-operator algebras

We prove that simple, separable, monotracial UHF $L^{p}$-operator algebras are not classifiable up to (complete) isomorphism using countable structures, such as K-theoretic data, as invariants. The same assertion holds even if one only considers UHF $L^{p}$-operator algebras of tensor product type obtained from a diagonal system of similarities. For $p=2$, it follows that separable nonselfadjoint UHF operator algebras are not classifiable by countable structures up to (complete) isomorphism. Our results, which answer a question of N. Christopher Phillips, rely on Borel complexity theory, and particularly Hjorth's theory of turbulence.

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arXiv2015

Equivariant *-homomorphisms, Rokhlin constraints and equivariant UHF-absorption

We classify equivariant *-homomorphisms between C*-dynamical systems associated to actions of finite groups on C*-algebras with the Rokhlin property. In addition, the given actions are classified. An obstruction is obtained for the Cuntz semigroup of a C*-algebra allowing such an action. We also obtain an equivariant UHF-absorption result.

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arXiv2014

Banach algebras generated by an invertible isometry of an $L^p$-space

We provide a complete description of those Banach algebras that are generated by an invertible isometry of an $L^p$-space together with its inverse. Examples include the algebra $PF_p(\mathbb{Z})$ of $p$-pseudofunctions on $\mathbb{Z}$, the commutative $C^*$-algebra $C(S^1)$ and all of its quotients, as well as uncountably many `exotic' Banach algebras. We associate to each isometry of an $L^p$-space, a spectral invariant called `spectral configuration', which contains considerably more information than its spectrum as an operator. It is shown that the spectral configuration describes the isometric isomorphism type of the Banach algebra that the isometry generates together with its inverse. It follows from our analysis that these algebras are semisimple. With the exception of $PF_p(\mathbb{Z})$, they are all closed under continuous functional calculus, and their Gelfand transform is an isomorphism. As an application of our results, we show that Banach algebras that act on $L^1$-spaces are not closed under quotients. This answers the case $p=1$ of a question asked by Le Merdy 20 years ago.

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arXiv2014

Functoriality of group algebras acting on $L^p$-spaces

We continue our study of group algebras acting on $L^p$-spaces, particularly of algebras of $p$-pseudofunctions of locally compact groups. We focus on the functoriality properties of these objects. We show that $p$-pseudofunctions are functorial with respect to homomorphisms that are either injective, or whose kernel is amenable and has finite index. We also show that the universal completion of the group algebra with respect to representations on $L^p$-spaces, is functorial with respect to quotient maps. As an application, we show that the algebras of $p$- and $q$-pseudofunctions on $\mathbb{Z}$ are (abstractly) isometrically isomorphic as Banach algebras if and only if $p$ and $q$ are either equal or conjugate.

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arXiv2014

Rokhlin dimension for compact group actions

We introduce and systematically study the notion of Rokhlin dimension (with and without commuting towers) for compact group actions on $C^*$-algebras. This notion generalizes the one introduced by Hirshberg, Winter and Zacharias for finite groups, and contains the Rokhlin property as the zero dimensional case. We show, by means of an example, that commuting towers cannot always be arranged, even in the absence of $K$-theoretic obstructions. For a compact Lie group action on a compact Hausdorff space, freeness is equivalent to finite Rokhlin dimension of the induced action. We compare the notion of finite Rokhlin dimension to other existing definitions of noncommutative freeness for compact group actions. We obtain further $K$-theoretic obstructions to having an action of a non-finite compact Lie group with finite Rokhlin dimension with commuting towers, and use them to confirm a conjecture of Phillips.

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