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F. Krmpotic

Publications and source records attributed to F. Krmpotic.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Neutrino and antineutrino charge-exchange reactions on 12C

We extend the formalism of weak interaction processes, obtaining new expressions for the transition rates, which greatly facilitate numerical calculations, both for neutrino-nucleus reactions and muon capture. Explicit violation of CVC hypothesis by the Coulomb field, as well as development of a sum rule approach for the inclusive cross sections have been worked out. We have done a thorough study of exclusive (ground state) properties of $^{12}$B and $^{12}$N within the projected quasiparticle random phase approximation (PQRPA). Good agreement with experimental data achieved in this way put in evidence the limitations of standard RPA and the QRPA models, which come from the inability of the RPA in opening the $p_{3/2}$ shell, and from the non-conservation of the number of particles in the QRPA. The inclusive neutrino/antineutrino ($ν/\tildeν$) reactions $^{12}$C($ν,e^-)^{12}$N and $^{12}$C($\tildeν,e^+)^{12}$B are calculated within both the PQRPA, and the relativistic QRPA (RQRPA). It is found that the magnitudes of the resulting cross-sections: i) are close to the sum-rule limit at low energy, but significantly smaller than this limit at high energies both for $ν$ and $\tildeν$, ii) they steadily increase when the size of the configuration space is augmented, and particulary for $ν/\tildeν$ energies $> 200$ MeV, and iii) converge for sufficiently large configuration space and final state spin. The quasi-elastic $^{12}$C($ν,μ^-)^{12}$N cross section recently measured in the MiniBooNE experiment is briefly discussed. We study the decomposition of the inclusive cross-section based on the degree of forbiddenness of different multipoles. A few words are dedicated to the $ν/\tildeν$-$^{12}$C charge-exchange reactions related with astrophysical applications.

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QRAP: a numerical code for projected (Q)uasi-particle (RA)ndom (P)hase approximation

A computer code for quasiparticle random phase approximation-QRPA and projected quasiparticle random phase approximation-PQRPA models of nuclear structure is explained in details. An important application of the code consists in evaluating nuclear matrix elements involved in neutrino-nucleus reactions. As an example, cross section for 56Fe and 12C are calculated and the code output is explained. The application to other nuclei and the description of other nuclear and weak decay processes is also discussed.

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Nonmesonic weak decay spectra of $^4_Λ$He

To comprehend the recent Brookhaven National Laboratory experiment E788 on $^4_Λ$He, we have outlined a simple theoretical framework, based on the independent-particle shell model, for the one-nucleon-induced nonmesonic weak decay spectra. Basically, the shapes of all the spectra are tailored by the kinematics of the corresponding phase space, depending very weakly on the dynamics, which is gauged here by the one-meson-exchange-potential. In spite of the straightforwardness of the approach a good agreement with data is acheived. This might be an indication that the final-state-interactions and the two-nucleon induced processes are not very important in the decay of this hypernucleus. We have also found that the $π+K$ exchange potential with soft vertex-form-factor cutoffs $(Λ_π\approx 0.7$ GeV, $Λ_K \approx 0.9$ GeV), is able to account simultaneously for the available experimental data related to $Γ_p$ and $Γ_n$ for $^4_Λ$H, $^4_Λ$He, and $^5_Λ$He.

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Neutrino/antineutrino-$^{12}$C charged cross sections in the projected QRPA formalism

The $ν/\barν-^{12}$C cross sections are evaluated in the projected quasiparticle random phase approximation (PQRPA). The cross section for $ν_e$ as a function of the incident neutrino energy is compared with recent theoretical calculations of more sophisticated models. The $\barν-^{12}$C cross section is calculated for the first time with the PQRPA. The distribution of cross sections averaged with the Michel spectrum as well as with other estimated fluxes for future experiments is compared for both $ν_e$ and $\barν_e$. Some astrophysical implications are addressed.

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s-Wave Approximation for Asymmetry in Nonmesonic Decay of Finite Hypernuclei

We establish the bridge between the commonly used Nabetani-Ogaito-Sato-Kishimoto (NOSK) formula for the asymmetry parameter $a_Λ$ in the $\vecΛp \to np$ emission of polarized hypernuclei, and the shell model (SM) formalism for finite hypernuclei. We demonstrate that the s-wave approximation leads to a SM formula for $a_Λ$ that is as simple as the NOSK one, and that reproduces the exact results for $^5_Λ$He and $^{12}_Λ$C better than initially expected. The simplicity achieved here is indeed remarkable. The new formalism makes the theoretical evaluation of $a_Λ$ more transparent, and explains clearly why the one-meson exchange model is unable to account for the experimental data of $^5_Λ$He.

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Neutrino-Nucleus Reactions and Muon Capture in 12C

The neutrino-nucleus cross section and the muon capture rate are discussed within a simple formalism which facilitates the nuclear structure calculations. The corresponding formulae only depend on four types of nuclear matrix elements, which are currently used in the nuclear beta decay. We have also considered the non-locality effects arising from the velocity-dependent terms in the hadronic current. We show that for both observables in 12C the higher order relativistic corrections are of the order of ~5 only, and therefore do not play a significant role. As nuclear model framework we use the projected QRPA (PQRPA) and show that the number projection plays a crucial role in removing the degeneracy between the proton-neutron two quasiparticle states at the level of the mean field. Comparison is done with both the experimental data and the previous shell model calculations. Possible consequences of the present study on the determination of the $ν_μ->ν_e$ neutrino oscillation probability are briefly addressed.

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Kinematical and nonlocality effects on the nonmesonic weak hypernuclear decay

We derive in detail the transition potential for nonmesonic lambda-hypernuclear decay in a one-meson-exchange model involving the full pseudoscalar and vector meson octets and including two effects that have been systematically omitted in the literature. These are the kinematical effects due to the difference between the lambda and nucleon masses and the first-order nonlocality corrections. Numerical results for $^{12}_Λ$C and $^5_Λ$He are presented and they show that the combined kinematical plus nonlocal corrections have an appreciable influence on the partial decay rates. However, this is somewhat diminished in the main decay observables: the total nonmesonic rate, the neutron-to-proton branching ratio, and the asymmetry parameter. The latter two still cannot be reconciled with the available experimental data. The existing theoretical predictions for the sign of the asymmetry parameter in $^5_Λ$He are confirmed.

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Nuclear Structure in Nonmesonic Weak Decay of Hypernuclei

A general shell model formalism for the nonmesonic weak decay of the hypernuclei has been developed.It involves a partial wave expansion of the emitted nucleon waves,preserves naturally the antisymmetrization between the escaping particles and the residual core, and contains as a particular case the weak Lambda-core coupling formalism. The hypernuclei are grouped having in view their A-1 cores, that is in those with even-even, even-odd and odd-odd cores.It is shown that in all three cases the nuclear structure manifests itself basically through Pauli Principle, and very simple expressions are derived for the neutron and proton induced decays rates, which does not involve the spectroscopic factors.

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Hypernuclear Weak Decay Puzzle

A general shell model formalism for the nonmesonic weak decay of the hypernuclei has been developed. It involves a partial wave expansion of the emitted nucleon waves, preserves naturally the antisymmetrization between the escaping particles and the residual core, and contains as a particular case the weak $Λ$-core coupling formalism. The Extreme Particle-Hole Model and the Quasiparticle Tamm-Dancoff Approximation are explicitly worked out. It is shown that the nuclear structure manifests itself basically through Pauli Principle, and a very simple expression is derived for the neutron and proton induced decays rates, $Γ_n$ and $Γ_p$, which does not involve the spectroscopic factors. We use the standard strangeness-changing weak $ΛN\to NN$ transition potential which comprises the exchange of the complete pseudoscalar and vector meson octets ($π,η,K,ρ,ω,K^*$), taking into account some important parity violating transition operators that are systematically omitted in the literature. The interplay between different mesons in the decay of ${^{12}_ΛC}$ is carefully analyzed. With the commonly used parametrization in the One-Meson-Exchange Model (OMEM), the calculated rate $Γ_{NM}= Γ_n+Γ_p$ is of the order of the free $Λ$ decay rate $Γ^0(Γ_{NM}^{\rm th}\cong Γ^0)$ and is consistent with experiments. Yet, the measurements of $Γ_{n/p}=Γ_n/Γ_p$ and of $Γ_p$ are not well accounted for by the theory ($Γ_{n/p}^{\rm th}\lsim 0.42; Γ_p^{\rm th}\gsim 0.60 Γ^0$). It is suggested that, unless additional degrees of freedom are incorporated, the OMEM parameters should be radically modified.

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Nonmesonic Weak Decay of $Λ$ Hypernuclei within a Nuclear Matter Formalism

The nonmesonic weak decay of $Λ$ hypernuclei using nonrelativistic nuclear matter is studied. As the basic building block we use the Polarization Propagator Method developed by Oset and Salcedo. It is shown that the exact calculation of exchange terms is required. Using the Local Density Approximation we evaluate the nonmesonic decay width for $^{12}_ΛC$ and compare the result with a finite nucleus calculation, obtaining a qualitative agreement.

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RPA puzzle in C(12) weak decay processes

We explain the origin of the difficulties that appear in a straightforward application of the QRPA in C(12), and we demonstrate that it is imperative to use the projected QRPA (PQRPA). Satisfactory results, not only for the weak processes among the ground states of the triad B(12),C(12),N(12), but also for the inclusive ones are obtained. We sketch as well a new formalism for the neutrino-nucleus interaction that furnishes very simple final formulae for the muon capture rate and neutrino induced cross sections.

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Rho-Nucleon Tensor Coupling and Charge-Exchange Resonances

The Gamow-Teller resonances are discussed in the context of a self-consistent RPA, based on the relativistic mean field theory. We inquire on the possibility of substituting the phenomenological Landau-Migdal force by a microscopic nucleon-nucleon interaction generated from the rho-nucleon tensor coupling. The effect of this coupling turns out to be very small when the short range correlations are not taken into account, but too large when these correlations are simulated by the simple extraction of the contact terms from the resulting nucleon-nucleon interaction.

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Relativistic RPA for Isobaric Analogue and Gamow-Teller Resonances in Closed Shell Nuclei

We perform a self-consistent relativistic RPA calculation for the isobaric analogue and Gamow-Teller resonances based on relativistic mean field theory results for the ground states of $^{48}$Ca, $^{90}$Zr and $^{208}$Pb. We use the parameter set NL1 for the $σ$, $ω$ and $ρ$ mesons, and experimental values for the pion and nucleon. An extra parameter, related to the intensity of the contact term in the pion-exchange interaction, is crucial to reproduce the latter resonances.

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Self consistent random phase approximation within the O(5) model and Fermi transitions

Self Consistent Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation (SCQRPA) is considered in application to the Fermi transitions within the O(5) model. It is demonstrated that SCQRPA improves on renormalized QRPA (RQRPA), a method that has recently become rather popular in this context. The analytical form of the SCQRPA vacuum is used to evaluate all the matrix elements. The SCQRPA results show a general trend similar to the exact solutions. The necessity to change the single particle basis beyond the transition point, and to include the proton-proton and neutron-neutron channels in the QRPA operator, in addition to the proton-neutron one, is pointed out.

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Nuclear moments for the neutrinoless double beta decay

A derivation of the neutrinoless double beta decay rate, specially adapted for the nuclear structure calculations, is presented. It is shown that the Fourier-Bessel expansion of the hadronic currents, jointly with the angular momentum recoupling, leads to very simple final expressions for the nuclear form factors. This greatly facilitates the theoretical estimate of the half life. Our approach does not require the closure approximation, which however can be implemented if desired. The method is exemplified for the $ββ$ decay $^{48}Ca \to ^{48}Ti$, both within the QRPA and a shell-model like model.

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Suppression of core polarization in halo nuclei

We present a microscopic study of halo nuclei, starting from the Paris and Bonn potentials and employing a two-frequency shell model approach. It is found that the core-polarization effect is dramatically suppressed in such nuclei. Consequently the effective interaction for halo nucleons is almost entirely given by the bare G-matrix alone, which presently can be evaluated with a high degree of accuracy. The experimental pairing energies between the two halo neutrons in $^6$He and $^{11}$Li nuclei are satisfactorily reproduced by our calculation. It is suggested that the fundamental nucleon-nucleon interaction can be probed in a clearer and more direct way in halo nuclei than in ordinary nuclei.

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Exact evaluation of the nuclear form factor for new kinds of majoron emission in neutrinoless double beta decay

We have developed a formalism, based on the Fourier-Bessel expansion, that facilitates the evaluation of matrix elements involving nucleon recoil operators, such as appear in serveral exotic forms of neutrinoless double beta decay ($ββ_{0ν}$). The method is illustrated by applying it to the ``charged'' majoron model, which is one of the few that can hope to produce an observable effect. From our numerical computations within the QRPA performed for $^{76}Ge$, $^{82}Se$, $^{100} Mo$, $^{128}Te$ and $^{150}Nd$ nuclei, we test the validity of approximations made in earlier work to simplify the new matrix elements, showing that they are accurate to within 15%. Our new method is also suitable for computing other previously unevaluated $ββ_{0ν}$ nuclear matrix elements.

hep-ph

Non-collapsing quasiparticle random phase approximation for nuclear double-beta decay

We show how the longstanding problem of the collapse of the charge-exchange QRPA near the physical value of the force strength can be circumvented. This is done by including the effect of ground state correlations into the QRPA equations of motion. The corresponding formalism, called renormalized QRPA, is briefly outlined and its consequences are discussed in the framework of a schematic model for the two-neutrino double beta decay in the $^{100}Mo \rightarrow\, ^{100}Ru$ system. The question of the conservation of the Ikeda sum rule is also addressed within the new formalism.

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