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Fabiano C. Simas

Publications and source records attributed to Fabiano C. Simas.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Deformation of sine-Gordon two-soliton solutions in $φ^4$ kink-antikink configurations

In this work, we construct analytical kink-antikink $(K\bar{K})$ configurations in the non-integrable $φ^4$ model by mapping exact solutions of the integrable sine-Gordon system via a field deformation. This procedure yields two distinct classes of configurations, parametrized by the initial half-separation and velocity. We compare these profiles with the standard additive superposition Ansatz in terms of vacuum structure and equation-of-motion residuals, deriving explicit closed-form expressions for the corresponding integrated squared residuals. For small separations, the mapped soliton-antisoliton configurations exhibit appreciably smaller residuals than the naive superposition Ansatz, which in turn performs better than the mapped two-soliton configurations. Although the mapped fields are not exact solutions of the $φ^4$ equation of motion, they provide mathematically consistent, topologically sound, and physically motivated initial data for numerical studies of kink-antikink scattering and resonance phenomena.

nlin.PS

Oscillons from $Q$-balls in generalized models

We study the oscillon/$Q$-ball relation in an extended model with non-canonical kinematics. The model contains a single real scalar field whose kinetic term is enlarged to include a generalizing function. We approximate the real sector up to the third order in a book-keeping parameter. In this context, we implement the Renormalization Group Perturbation Expansion (RGPE), from which we conclude that the relation between oscillons and underlying $Q$-balls holds even in the presence of nontrivial kinematics. We apply our results to the study of three different effective cases. In all of them, our expressions mimic the numerical evolution of nonstandard oscillons with great accuracy, especially for small and moderate amplitudes. As the initial amplitude increases, the numerical profile develops a modulated behavior, and we use a two $Q$-balls solution to seed our analytical oscillon. We discuss how our non-canonical construction allows the existence of a well-behaved oscillon in connection to the simplest $ϕ^2$-potential. This novel profile behaves in the same general way as the previous ones. So, we argue that they belong to the same universality class. Finally, we extend our analysis to consider those contributions up to the fifth order in the approximation expansion. We explore an exotic $ϕ^6$-scenario, and conclude that the relation between generalized oscillons and underlying $Q$-balls now belongs to a different universality class.

hep-th

Sine-Gordon kink lattice

We consider an extended model with two real scalar fields, $ϕ(x,t)$ and $χ(x,t)$. The first sector is controlled by the sine-Gordon superpotential, while the second field is submitted to the $χ^4$ one. The fields mutually interact via a nontrivial coupling function $f(χ)$ that also changes the kinematics of $ϕ$. We briefly review the implementation of the Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) prescription. We then solve the resulting BPS equations for two different interactions $f$. The first one leads to a single kink-kink configuration, while the second one gives rise to a inhomogeneous sine-Gordon kink lattice. We study the linear stability of these new solutions, focusing on their translational modes. We also explore how the strength of the mutual interaction affects the BPS profiles. In particular, we show that a homogeneous lattice with identical kinks is attained in the regime of extremely strong interactions.

hep-th

Kinks in generalized scalar field models and their scattering properties

This work investigates kink solutions in one-dimensional scalar field theories. We begin with a review of the formalism used to obtain these solutions, presenting the BPS formalism and linear stability analysis. Next, we explore new models involving real scalar fields, generated by distinct potentials, with a focus on the topological structures responsible for the formation of kinks. Finally, we study collisions between the solutions obtained in two distinct models, analyzing their dynamic implications.

hep-th

Vacuum state perturbed by an oscillon: composite configurations in $ϕ^4$ model

We examine the evolution of a vacuum configuration when perturbed by an oscillon. We consider the $ϕ^4$ scenario with a single scalar field only. For highly excited oscillons, we find that new composite solutions appear. They are formed by multiple antikink-kink pairs and a centered reminiscent oscillon. The overall process gives rise to a resonant structure whose pattern resembles that of a genuine kink-antikink scattering. We then approximate the initial oscillon by a lumplike profile constructed as a kink-antikink pair. We map the numerical results previously obtained. The developments proposed here may contribute to the understanding of the mechanism through which an oscillon decay reproduces the structure typically related to a kink-antikink collision.

hep-th

Half-line kink scattering in the $ϕ^4$ model with Dirichlet boundary conditions

In this work, we investigate the dynamics of a scalar field in the nonintegrable $\displaystyle ϕ^{4}$ model, restricted to the half-line. Here we consider singular solutions that interpolate the Dirichlet boundary condition $ϕ(x=0,t)=H$ and their scattering with the regular kink solution. The simulations reveal a rich variety of phenomena in the field dynamics, such as the formation of a kink-antikink pair, the generation of oscillons by the boundary perturbations, and the interaction between these objects and the boundary, which causes the emergence of boundary-induced resonant scatterings (for example, oscillon-boundary bound states and kink generation by oscillon-boundary collision) founded into complex fractal structures. Linear perturbation analysis was applied to interpret some aspects of the scattering process. We detected the presence of two shape modes near the boundary. The power spectral density of the scalar field at a fixed point leads to several frequency peaks. Most of them can be explained with some interesting insights for the interaction between the scattering products and the boundary.

hep-th

Scattering of sine-Gordon kinks with internal structure in an extended nonlinear $O(3)$ sigma model

In this paper, we present topological defects in $(1,1)$ dimensions, described by an extended nonlinear $O(3)$ sigma model. We consider spherical coordinates $(ϕ,χ)$ in the $S^2$ isotopic space and a potential $V(ϕ,χ)$. For specific forms of the potential, it is possible to apply the Bogomol'nyi method, resulting in first-order equations of motion with solutions that minimize energy. We study a model with an explicit solution for the field $ϕ$ that resembles the ubiquitous sine-Gordon kink/antikink, but with an internal structure given by the field $χ$ with a form antilump/lump that depends on a constant $C$. The soliton-antisoliton scattering process depends on $C$ and on the initial velocity of the pair. Some results are reported, such as: one-bounce scattering for $ϕ$, or strong emission of radiation for $ϕ$, followed by i) annihilation of $χ$; ii) same pattern antilump-antilump or lump-antilump for $χ$; iii) inversion antilump-antilump to lump-lump for $χ$; iv) inversion antilump-lump to lump-antilump for $χ$. Other findings are: v) annihilation of the pair soliton-antisoliton with the emission of scalar radiation; vi) emission of pairs of oscillations around the vacuum for $ϕ$ and $χ$. The energy density shows that the defect has an internal structure as a nested defect of an antilump inside a kink. The lump core of the defect is responsible for the emission of radiation. The changing of structure of the defects during the scattering is analyzed not only with the field profiles in the physical $(1,1)$ space, but also in the internal $S^2$ space, which gives some new insight into the process.

hep-th

Fermion bound states from Yukawa coupling with periodic bosonic background

The Yukawa coupling of fermions with a periodic bosonic background is shown to give rise to several bound states to the fermionic spectrum, with some bound states gluing together around specific energy eingenvalues as the Yukawa coupling increases. This effect induces the presence of degenerate energy states inside the fermionic gap and may be of current interest.

hep-th

Scattering of kinks in scalar-field models with higher-order self-interactions

Higher-order scalar field models in two dimensions, including the $ϕ^8$ model, have been researched. It has been shown that for some special cases of the minima positions of the potential, the explicit kink solutions can be found. However, in physical applications, it is very important to know all the explicit solutions of a model for any minima position. In the present study, with the help of some deformation functions, we have shown that higher-order scalar field theories can be obtained with explicit kinks. In particular, we introduced two deformation functions that, when applied to the well known $ϕ^4$ and $ϕ^6$ models, produce modified $ϕ^8$ and $ϕ^{10}$ models, respectively, with all their explicit kink-like solutions which depend on a single parameter. Since this parameter controls the position of the minima of the potential, we have found interesting new solutions in many distinct cases. We have also studied the kink mass, the behavior of the excitation spectra and several kink-antikink collisions for these two new modified models. The collision outcome is determined by the initial configuration, specifically the sequence in which the kink-antikink and antikink-kink pairings emerge. Another interesting finding is the suppression of resonance windows, which may be explained by the presence of a set of internal modes in the model.

hep-th

Kink scattering in the presence of geometric constrictions

We investigate kink-antikink collisions in a model characterized by two scalar fields in the presence of geometric constrictions. The model includes an auxiliary function that modifies the kinematics associated with one of the two fields. An important fact is that one of the fields can be solved independently, being responsible for changing the internal structure of the second one. We performed several collisions and observed the presence of resonance windows for small values of the parameters. Furthermore, we have been able to show the alternation between the appearance of oscillating pulses, as well as the annihilation and formation of kink-antikink pairs when the geometric constriction is more pronounced. The study of kink dynamics in models with geometric constrictions is connected with issues of interest such as domain wall formation and magnetization at the manometric scale.

hep-th

Asymmetry engendered by symmetric kink-antikink scattering in a degenerate two-field model

In this paper we analyze the scattering process in a two-field model in $(1+1)$-dimensions, with the special property to have several topological solutions: i) one with higher rest mass, characterized by a nested defect (lump inside a kink), and ii) four others having lower rest mass, degenerated, and characterized by a kink inside kink. We investigate kink-antikink symmetric scattering, where the kink and antikink have higher rest mass and the same initial velocity modulus $v$. The output of scattering presents a wide range of behaviors, such as annihilation of the kink-antikink pair, the emission of radiation jets, the generation of oscillating pulses and the change of the topological sector. We show that the changing of the topological sector is favored, and only two of the four sectors are possible as outcomes. Moreover, despite the degeneracy in energy, the distribution of the final states is asymmetric in the phase space, being an effect of the presence of vibrational states.

hep-th

Collisions of kinks in deformed $φ^4$ and $φ^6$ models

Two hyperbolic-deformed field theoretic models are discussed. In both of them, due to the effect of specific deformation function on the well known $φ^4$ and $φ^6$ models, their internal structure may change significantly. Unlike the $φ^4$ kinks solutions, which has only one internal mode in addition to its translational mode, the kinks of the hyperbolic-deformed $φ^4$ model can have several internal modes. Moreover, the deformation on the $φ^6$ model has other interesting features, because the kinks of the $φ^6$ model have only a zero mode and the deformation may cause the appearance of internal mode for both kink and antikink. The presence of the new internal modes modify the collisions which we explore in the present work. The deformation relies on a real parameter, which controls the number of internal modes, and we also study how the deformation parameter alter the mass of the kinks and the critical velocities involved in the collisions.

hep-th

Bifurcation and chaos in one dimensional chains of small particles

This work deals with bifurcation and the chaotic behavior in one dimensional chains of small particles. We consider two distinct possibilities, one where the particles are modeled by a fourth-order potential which was already studied. We revisit this system and bring novelties concerning the presence of the three-armed star behavior and the study of the corresponding Lyapunov exponent. The other system is new, and there the particles are more involved and modeled by an eighth-order potential. We investigate this new system within the same approach, emphasizing the behavior of the orbits, the bifurcation profile and the corresponding Lyapunov exponent.

nlin.CD

Scattering of metastable lumps in a model with a false vacuum

In this work we consider the scalar field model with a false vacuum proposed by A. T. Avelar, D. Bazeia, L. Losano and R. Menezes, Eur. Phys. J. C 55, 133-143 (2008). The model depends on a parameter $s>0$. The model has unstable nontopological lump solutions with a bell shape for small $s$, acquiring a flat plateau around the maximum for large $s$. For $s\to\infty$ the $ϕ^4$ model is recovered. We show that for $s\gtrsim 2$ the lump is metastable with the only negative mode very close to zero. Metastable lumps can propagate and survive long enough to produce dynamical effects. Due to their simplicity, they can be an alternative to the procedure of stabilization which requires, for instance, a complex scalar field to construct nontopological solitons. We study lump-lump collisions in this model, describing the main characteristics of the scattering products at their dependence on $s$ and the initial velocity modulus of each lump.

hep-th

Semi-compactness and multiple oscillating pulses in kink scattering

In this work we consider model of asymmetric kinks, where the behavior of the solution in one side is different from the other side. Also, the models depend of an integer $n$ and, with the increase of $n$, the constructed kink assumes a hybrid character: a compactlike profile on one side and a kinklike profile on the other side. We investigate numerically the kink-antikink and antikink-kink dynamics, with the aim to understand the effect of the transition of the usual kink to the semi-compacton structure. The kink-antikink process shows the formation of one-bounce windows for small values of $n$. The increase of $n$ favors the breaking this structure and the appearance of oscillatory modes. For antikink-kink collisions we report the appearance of two-bounce windows for small values of the parameter. We also found an intricate structure of two-oscillation windows.

nlin.PS

Solitary oscillations and multiple antikink-kink pairs in the double sine-Gordon model

We study kink-antikink collisions in a particular case of the double sine-Gordon model depending on only one parameter $r$. The scattering process of large kink-antikink shows the changing of the topological sector. For some parameter intervals we observed two connected effects: the production of up to five antikink-kink pairs and up to three solitary oscillations. The scattering process for small kink-antikink has several possibilities: the changing of the topological sector, one-bounce collision, two-bounce collision, or formation of a bion state. In particular, we observed for small values of $r$ and velocities, the formation of false two-bounce windows and the suppression of true two-bounce windows, despite the presence of an internal shape mode.

hep-th

Oscillons in hyperbolic models

In this work we examine kink-antikink collisions in two distinct hyperbolic models. The models depend on a deformation parameter, which controls two main characteristics of the potential with two degenerate minima: the height of the barrier and the values of the minima. In particular, the rest mass of the kinks decreases monotonically as the deformation parameter increases, and we identify the appearance of a gradual suppression of two bounce windows in the kink scattering and the production of long lived oscillons. The two effects are reported in connection to the presence of more than one vibrational state in the stability potential.

hep-th

Kink scattering in a hybrid model

In this work we consider a model where the potential has two topological sectors connecting three adjacent minima, as occurs with the $ϕ^6$ model. In each topological sector, the potential is symmetric around the local maximum. For $ϕ>0$ there is a linear map between the model and the $λϕ^4$ model. For $ϕ<0$ the potential is reflected. Linear stability analysis of kink and antikink lead to discrete and continuum modes related by a linear coordinate transformation to those known analytically for the $λϕ^4$ model. Fixing one topological sector, the structure of antikink-kink scattering is related to the observed in the $λϕ^4$ model. For kink-antikink collisions a new structure of bounce windows appear. Depending on the initial velocity, one can have oscillations of the scalar field at the center of mass even for one bounce, or a change of topological sector. We also found a structure of one-bounce, with secondary windows corresponding to the changing of the topological sector accumulating close to each one-bounce windows. The kink-kink collisions are characterized by a repulsive interaction and there is no possibility of forming a bound state.

hep-th