arXiv subjects

Felipe J. Llanes-Estrada

Publications and source records attributed to Felipe J. Llanes-Estrada.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

arXiv2014

A Strongly Interacting Electroweak Symmetry Breaking Sector with a Higgs-like light scalar

The apparent finding of a 125 GeV light Higgs boson would close the minimal Standard Model (SM), that is weakly interacting. This is an exceptional feature not generally true if new physics exists beyond the mass gap found at the LHC up to 700 GeV. Any such new physics would induce departures from the SM in the low-energy dynamics for the minimal electroweak symmetry-breaking sector (EWSBS), with three Goldstone bosons (related to longitudinal W and Z bosons) and one light Higgs-like scalar. With no new particle content, for most of the parameter space, the scattering is actually strongly interacting (with the SM a remarkable exception). We therefore explore various unitarization methods, that have already be applied to the tree-level WL WL amplitude; we find and study a natural second sigma-like scalar pole there. Of note is its appearance due to either elastic or coupled-channel dynamics, especially since the later is largely unconstrained by current LHC data and could be large.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Soft interactions in jet quenching

We study the collisional aspects of jet quenching in a high energy nuclear collision, especially in the final state pion gas. The jet has a large energy, and acquires momentum transverse to its axis more effectively by multiple soft collisions than by few hard scatterings (as known from analogous systems such as J/ψproduction at Hera). Such regime of large E and small momentum transfer corresponds to Regge kinematics and is characteristically dominated by the pomeron. From this insight we estimate the jet quenching parameter in the hadron medium (largely a pion gas) at the end of the collision, which is naturally small and increases with temperature in line with the gas density. The physics in the quark-gluon plasma/liquid phase is less obvious, and here we revisit a couple of simple estimates that suggest indeed that the pomeron-mediated interactions are very relevant and should be included in analysis of the jet quenching parameter. Finally, the ocasional hard collisions produce features characteristic of a Lèvy flight in the q_perp^2 plane perpendicular to the jet axis. We suggest one- and two-particle q_perp correlations as interesting experimental probes.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Strongly interacting $W_L W_L, Z_L Z_L$ and $hh$ from unitarized one-loop computations

Recently, a new boson h has been discovered at the LHC which, so far, is compatible with the properties of the SM Higgs. However, the SM is not the most general low-energy dynamics for the minimal electroweak symmetry breaking sector with three Goldstone bosons and one light scalar. By using non-linear effective Lagrangian for these four particles we study different processes at one-loop precision, identifying the counterterms needed to cancel the divergences. Then we apply the IAM unitarization method on the partial waves, both to make more realistic predictions which could be tested at the LHC and to discuss the limitations of the one-loop computations. The studied processes are the elastic scattering amplitude for both the longitudinal components of the gauge bosons V = W, Z and the hh -> hh, as well as the inelastic VV -> hh.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Non-ordinary light meson couplings and the $1/N_c$ expansion

We study the large $N_c$ behavior of couplings among light meson states with different compositions in terms of quarks and gluons. We shortly review the most common compositions of mesons, which are of interest for the understanding of low-lying meson resonances, namely, the ordinary quark-antiquark states as well as the non-ordinary, glueball, tetraquark, etc. We dedicate special attention to Jaffe's generalization of the tetraquark with $N_c-1$ $q\bar{q}$ pairs, that is the only type of state we have identified, whose width does not necessarily vanish with $N_c$, while it does decouple exponentially with $N_c$ from the $ππ$ channel, so that is weakly coupled to the meson-meson system.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Strongly Interacting Electroweak Symmetry Breaking Sector with a Higgs-like light scalar

The apparent finding of a 125-GeV light Higgs boson closes unitarity of the minimal Standard Model (SM), that is weakly interacting: this is an exceptional feature not generally true if new physics exists beyond the mass gap found at the LHC up to 700 GeV. Such new physics induces departures of the low-energy dynamics for the minimal electroweak symmetry-breaking sector, with three Goldstone bosons (related to longitudinal W bosons) and one light scalar, from the SM couplings. We calculate the scattering amplitudes among these four particles and their partial-wave projections in effective theory. For this we employ the Electroweak Chiral Lagrangian extended by one light scalar and carry out the complete one-loop computation at high energy including the counterterms needed for perturbative renormalization, of dimension eight. For most of parameter space, the scattering is strongly interacting (with the SM a remarkable exception). We therefore explore various unitarization methods, that can already be applied to the tree-level $W_L W_L$ amplitude; we find and study a natural second sigma-like scalar pole there.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

One-loop $W_L W_L$ and $Z_L Z_L$ scattering from the Electroweak Chiral Lagrangian with a light Higgs-like scalar

By including the recently discovered Higgs-like scalar $φ$ in the Electroweak Chiral Lagrangian, and using the Equivalence Theorem, we carry out the complete one-loop computation of the elastic scattering amplitude for the longitudinal components of the gauge bosons $V=W, Z$ at high energy. We also compute $φφ\rightarrow φφ$ and the inelastic process $VV\rightarrow φφ$, and identify the counterterms needed to cancel the divergences, namely the well known $a_4$ and $a_5$ chiral parameters plus three additional ones only superficially treated in the literature because of their dimension 8. Finally we compute all the partial waves and discuss the limitations of the one-loop computation due to only approximate unitarity.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

Strange and heavy mesons in hadronic matter

We present selected results on the properties of strange and heavy-flavoured mesons in a hot and dense nuclear medium, with emphasis in selfconsistent coupled-channel approaches based on the chiral Lagrangian. In the strangeness sector, we discuss how the enhanced reactivity of light strange vectors at FAIR conditions can be tied to in-medium effects on their predominant decay modes (e.g. $\bar K^*\to\bar K π$) and to the excitation of strange baryons in vector-meson nucleon interactions. In the heavy-flavour sector, we focus on recent determinations of the transport coefficients of charmed and bottomed mesons in a hadron gas at vanishing baryonic chemical potential. We comment on the role of microscopic transport simulations to establish a connection between theoretical models and experimental observables from heavy-ion collisions.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

Universality of Planck's constant and a constraint from the absence of h_bar-induced neutrino mixing

You have probably often set hbar=1; but for what particle? I revisit here the possibility of a non-universal Planck-constant. Anomaly cancellation suggests that all particles in the same family perceive the same hbar at fixed charges e, g_w, g_s; the difference between the muon's and the electron's (and thus the first and second families) can be tightly constrained by the muon's anomalous magnetic moment,but constraints are weaker for the third family. Neutrino mixing could have proceeded a priori not only by the Lagrangian neutrino mass-term, but also by the kinetic term if Planck's constant was not equal for all three species. An experimental constraint follows as such contributions, characterized by oscillations proportional to the energy, as opposed to the inverse energy, have been generically analyzed in the past. This provides at the same time support for gauge invariance. On the other hand if hbar differs among particles while fixing the fine structure constants alpha_em, alpha_s, etc. instead of the charges, it affects the muonic atom puzzle without much constrain from g-2.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

D-meson diffusion in hadronic matter

We present effective-field-theory results with unitarized interactions on the D-meson transport coefficients in a gas populated by light mesons and baryons at finite temperature and baryochemical potential. The Fokker-Planck equation is used to compute the drag force, the relaxation time and the diffusion coefficients of D mesons for collisions at FAIR. At finite baryochemical potential, the combined effect of net baryonic density and sizable meson-baryon interaction makes the D mesons to relax more efficiently than in the case at zero baryochemical potential. We also describe the connection with the quark-gluon plasma phase in adiabatic trajectories on the phase diagram at both zero and finite baryochemical potential.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

Light "Higgs", yet strong interactions

The claimed finding of a light Higgs boson makes the minimal Standard Model unitary. Yet we recall that the general low-energy dynamics for the minimal electroweak symmetry breaking sector with three Goldstone bosons and one light scalar is not so. We construct the effective Lagrangian for these four particles and their scattering amplitudes, that can be extracted from LHC experiments when longitudinal W, Z modes be properly isolated for E>>M_W (Equivalence Theorem). We then observe the known increase in interaction strength with energy and explore various unitarization methods in the literature in the absence of other new physics (as LHC experiments fail to report anything up to 600 GeV). Our generic conclusion is that for most of parameter space the high energy scattering of the longitudinal W's is strongly interacting (with the Minimal Standard Model a remarkable exception). We find and study a second sigma-like scalar pole of the W_L W_L amplitude.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

Radiation reaction on a classical charged particle: a modified form of the equation of motion

We present and numerically solve a modified form of the equation of motion for a charged particle under the influence of an external force, taking into account the radiation reaction. This covariant equation is integrodifferential, as Dirac-Röhrlich's, but has several technical improvements. First, the equation has the form of the second Newton law, with acceleration isolated on the left hand side, and the force depending only on positions and velocities: thus, the equation is linear in the highest derivative. Second, the total four-force is by construction perpendicular to the four-velocity. And third, if the external force vanishes for all future times, the total force and the acceleration automatically vanish at present time. We show the advantages of this equation by solving it numerically for several examples of external force.

physics.class-ph↗

arXiv2013

Shear and bulk viscosities of a photon gas at low temperature

We explore the viscosities of a photon gas by means of the Euler-Heisenberg effective theory and quantum electrodynamics at zero electron chemical potential. We find parametric estimates that show a very large shear viscosity and an extremely small bulk viscosity (reflecting the very weak coupling simultaneously with a very approximate dilatation invariance). The system is of some interest because it exemplifies very neatly the influence of the breaking of scale invariance on the bulk viscosity.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

Triply heavy baryon mass estimated within pNRQCD

Potential-NRQCD offers an effective-theory based approach to heavy-quark physics. While meson Q-anti_Q computations are tractable in pure alpha_s-perturbation theory, more complex many-body quark systems transcend it. A possibility inherited from nuclear physics is to employ the perturbative static potentials in a numerical diagonalization, eventually obtaining the exact lowest eigenvalue in each channel for a given-order perturbative potential. The power counting is manifest in the potential instead of the spectrum. The NNLO-potential for the 3-body problem is already available, so we have addressed triply-heavy baryons in this initial work with a computer-aided 2-parameter variational treatment.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2013

Heavy flavor relaxation in a hadronic medium

Charm and bottom transport coefficients in a medium constituted of light mesons, such as is formed in the hadronic phase of Heavy Ion Collisions, are obtained within an effective field theory approach implementing heavy quark symmetry and chiral symmetry breaking. Heavy flavor propagates in the medium as $D/B$ and $D^*/B^*$ degrees of freedom, and unitarization of the lowest order heavy-light meson amplitudes is used in order to reach high temperatures. The latter accounts for dynamically generated resonances in isospin 1/2 channels, a feature that leads to a more efficient heavy flavor diffussion. We discuss the temperature and momentum dependence of the friction and diffusion coefficients in a transport approach up to temperatures of about $T\simeq 150$ MeV, and provide estimates of the charm/bottom relaxation lengths and momentum loss. Implications for heavy meson spectrum observables in Heavy Ion Collisions are discussed.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

$μ-H$ Lamb shift: dispersing the nucleon-excitation uncertainty with a finite energy sum rule

We assess the two-photon exchange contribution to the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen with forward dispersion relations. The subtraction constant $\bar T(0,Q^2)$ that is necessary for a dispersive evaluation of the forward doubly-virtual Compton amplitude, through a finite energy sum rule, is related to the fixed J=0 pole generalized to the case of virtual photons. We evaluated this sum rule using excellent virtual photoabsorption data that are available. We find that the "proton polarizability correction" to the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen is $-(40\pm5)μ$eV. We conclude that nucleon structure-dependent uncertainty by itself is unlikely to resolve the large (300$μ$eV) discrepancy between direct measurement of the Lamb shift in $μH$ and expectations based on conventional Hydrogen measurements.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2013

Hadron physics potential of future high-luminosity B-factories at the Upsilon(5S) and above

We point out the physics opportunities of future high-luminosity B-factories at the Upsilon(5S) resonance and above. In this paper we discuss numerous interesting investigations, which can be performed in the e+e- centre-of-mass energy region from the Upsilon(5S) and up to 11.5 GeV, where an efficient data taking operation should be possible with the planned B-factories. These studies include abundant Bs production and decay properties; independent confirmation and if found, exhaustive exploration of Belle's claimed charged bottomonia; clarification of puzzles of interquarkonium dipion transitions; extraction of the light quark mass ratio from hadronic Upsilon(5S) decays; analysis of quarkonium and exotic internal structure from open flavour decays, leading to severe SU(3) symmetry violations; clarification of whether a hybrid state has similar mass to the Upsilon(5S) bottomonium, making it a double state; searches for molecular/tetraquark states that should be more stable with heavy quarks; completion of the table of positive-parity B_J mesons and study of their basic properties; production of Lambda_b\bar{Lambda}_b heavy baryon pairs, that, following weak decay, open vistas on the charmed baryon spectrum and new channels to study CP violation; confirmation or refutation of the deviation from pQCD of the pion transition form factor, by extending the Q^2 reach of current analysis; and possibly reaching the threshold for the production of triply-charmed baryons. If, in addition, the future colliders can be later upgraded to 12.5 GeV, then the possibility of copious production of B_c\bar{B}_c pairs opens, entailing new studies of CP violation and improved, independent tests of the CKM picture (through determination of V_{bc}), and of effective theories for heavy quarks.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2012

Gluon confinement and the two IR solutions

We examine the two solutions (massive and scaling) for the covariant Yang-Mills Dyson-Schwinger equations within stochastic quantization, and find that the scaling solution does not survive outside Landau gauge. We also see that the (rainbow) massive solution has less Faddeev-Popov effective action. Finally, we argue that gluon confinement has only been marginally established in experiment and suggest further empirical work.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2012

Left lane road electrification

We propose the left-side electrification of multilane motorways in suburban areas as a practical way of implementing on-road charging in order to reduce the weight and price of electrically-powered automobiles. These could then be supplied energy en-route, significantly reducing the weight and cost of vehicle-mounted batteries. Our theoretical study is based on the circumstances of Madrid (Spain), a six million inhabitant region, but should be easily adaptable to other metropolitan areas.

physics.soc-ph↗