arXiv subjects

Felix von Oppen

Publications and source records attributed to Felix von Oppen.

178 records · Page 10Linked to original sources

arXiv2003

Geometric phases and quantum entanglement as building blocks for nonabelian quasiparticle statistics

Some models describing unconventional fractional quantum Hall states predict quasiparticles that obey nonabelian quantum statistics. The most prominent example is the Moore-Read model for the $ν=5/2$ state, in which the ground state is a superconductor of composite fermions, and the charged excitations are vortices in that superconductor. In this paper we develop a physical picture of the nonabelian statistics of these vortices. Considering first the positions of the vortices as fixed, we define a set of single-particle states at and near the core of each vortex, and employ general properties of the corresponding Bogolubov-deGennes equations to write the ground states in the Fock space defined by these single-particle states. We find all ground states to be entangled superpositions of all possible occupations of the single-particle states near the vortex cores, in which the probability for all occupations is equal, and the relative phases vary from one ground state to another. Then, we examine the evolution of the ground states as the positions of the vortices are braided. We find that as vortices move, they accumulate a geometric phase that depends on the occupations of the single-particle states near the cores of other vortices. Thus, braiding of vortices changes the relative phase between different components of a superposition, in which the occupations of the single-particle states differ, and hence transform the system from one ground state to another. These transformations are the source of the nonabelian statistics. Finally, by exploring a "self-similar" form of the many-body wave functions of the ground states, we show the equivalence of our picture and pictures derived previously, in which vortex braiding seemingly affects the occupations of states in the cores of the vortices.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2003

Universal spectral statistics of Andreev billiards: semiclassical approach

The classification of universality classes of random-matrix theory has recently been extended beyond the Wigner-Dyson ensembles. Several of the novel ensembles can be discussed naturally in the context of superconducting-normal hybrid systems. In this paper, we give a semiclassical interpretation of their spectral form factors for both quantum graphs and Andreev billiards.

cond-mat↗

arXiv2002

Defect correlations, metal-insulator transition, and magnetic order in ferromagnetic semiconductors

Diluted ferromagnetic III-V semiconductors typically show a high degree of compensation. Compensation is connected to the presence of comparable densities of charged defects of either sign. This naturally leads to the development of strong correlations between defect positions during growth and annealing. We show that these correlations are required to understand the experimentally observed transport and magnetic properties as well as the persistence of the energy gap upon doping with magnetic ions.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2002

Coulomb Drag for Strongly Localized Electrons: Pumping Mechanism

The mutual influence of two layers with strongly loclized electrons is exercised through the random Coulomb shifts of site energies in one layer caused by electron hops in the other layer. We trace how these shifts give rise to a voltage drop in the passive layer, when a current is passed through the active layer. We find that the microscopic origin of drag lies in the time correlations of the occupation numbers of the sites involved in a hop. These correlations are neglected within the conventional Miller-Abrahams scheme for calculating the hopping resistance.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2001

Oscillating sign of drag in high Landau levels

Motivated by experiments, we study the sign of the Coulomb drag voltage in a double layer system in a strong magnetic field. We show that the commonly used Fermi Golden Rule approach implicitly assumes a linear dependence of intra-layer conductivity on density, and is thus inadequate in strong magnetic fields. Going beyond this approach, we show that the drag voltage commonly changes sign with density difference between the layers. We predict that in the Quantum Hall regime the Hall and longitudinal drag resistivities are comparable. Our results are also relevant for pumping and acoustoelectric experiments.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2000

Elastic theory of quantum Hall smectics: effects of disorder

We study the effect of disorder on quantum Hall smectics within the framework of an elastic theory. Based on a renormalization group calculation, we derive detailed results for the degrees of translational and orientational order of the stripe pattern at zero temperature and carefully map out the disorder and length-scale regimes in which the system effectively exhibits smectic, nematic, or isotropic behavior. We show that disorder always leads to a finite density of free dislocations and estimate the scale on which they begin to appear.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2000

Striped quantum Hall phases

Recent experiments seem to confirm predictions that interactions lead to charge density wave ground states in higher Landau levels. These new ``correlated'' ground states of the quantum Hall system manifest themselves for example in a strongly anisotropic resistivity tensor. We give a brief introduction and overview of this new and emerging field.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv1999

Conductivity tensor of striped quantum Hall phases

We study the transport properties of pinned striped quantum Hall phases. We show that under quite general assumptions, the macroscopic conductivity tensor satisfies a semicircle law. In particular, this result is valid for both smectic and nematic stripe phases, independent of the presence of topological defects such as dislocations and grain boundaries. As a special case, our results explain the experimental validity of a product rule for the dissipative part of the resistivity tensor, which was previously derived by MacDonald and Fisher for a perfect stripe structure.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv1999

The half-filled Landau level - composite fermions and dipoles

The composite-fermion approach as formulated in the fermion Chern-Simons theory has been very successful in describing the physics of the lowest Landau level near Landau level filling factor 1/2. Recent work has emphasized the fact that the true quasiparticles at these filling factors are electrically neutral and carry an electric dipole moment. In a previous work, we discussed at length two formulations in terms of dipolar quasiparticles. Here we briefly review one approach - termed electron-centered quasiparticles - and show how it can be extended from 1/2 to nearby filling factors where the quasiparticles carry both an electric dipole moment and an overall charge.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv1998

General Localization Lengths for Two Interacting Particles in a Disordered Chain

The propagation of an interacting particle pair in a disordered chain is characterized by a set of localization lengths which we define. The localization lengths are computed by a new decimation algorithm and provide a more comprehensive picture of the two-particle propagation. We find that the interaction delocalizes predominantly the center-of-mass motion of the pair and use our approach to propose a consistent interpretation of the discrepancies between previous numerical results.

cond-mat.dis-nn↗

arXiv1998

Composite Fermions in Modulated Structures: Transport and Surface Acoustic Waves

Motivated by a recent experiment of Willett et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 4478 (1997)], we employ semiclassical composite-fermion theory to study the effect of a periodic density modulation on a quantum Hall system near Landau level filling factor nu=1/2. We show that even a weak density modulation leads to dramatic changes in surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) propagation, and propose an explanation for several key features of the experimental observations. We predict that properly arranged dc transport measurements would show a structure similar to that seen in SAW measurements.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv1997

Shot noise in the half-filled Landau level

Shot noise in the half-filled Landau level is studied within the composite-fermion picture, focusing on the diffusive regime. The composite fermions are assumed to form a Fermi liquid with nontrivial Fermi-liquid parameters. The Boltzmann-Langevin equation for this system is derived, taking proper account of fluctuations in both the Chern-Simons and the physical electric and magnetic fields. To leading order, the noise properties of composite fermions are found to equal those of semiclassical electrons in the external magnetic field. Non-equilibrium fluctuations in the Hall voltage are dominated by fluctuations in the Chern-Simons electric field, reflecting the finite Hall resistance of the system. The low-frequency noise power is derived in detail for the Corbino-disc geometry and turns out to be unaffected both by nontrivial Fermi-liquid parameters and by the magnetic field. The formalism is also applied to compute thermal density-density and current-current correlators at finite frequency and wavevector.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv1996

Current noise, electron-electron interactions, and quantum interference

It is shown that electron-electron interactions lead to a novel quantum-interference contribution to non-equilibrium current noise in mesoscopic conductors. The corresponding noise spectrum is obtained in detail for diffusive systems. It is found to be quadratic in the applied voltage and to exhibit a power-law frequency spectrum whose exponent depends on the dimensionality of the sample.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv1995

Interaction-induced delocalization of quasiparticle pairs in the Anderson insulator

It has recently been established that a short-range interaction can strongly delocalize a pair of particles moving in a disordered potential. We investigate whether an analogous effect exists also for pairs of quasiparticles in the Anderson insulator by employing an approximate numerical evaluation of the two-particle Green function of the many-body system. At the Fermi energy, the quasiparticle pair is localized on the scale of the single-particle localization length. The delocalization effect is recovered when the excitation energy of the pair is comparable to the bandwidth.

cond-mat↗

arXiv1995

Interaction-induced delocalization of two particles in a random potential: Scaling properties

The localization length $ξ_2$ for coherent propagation of two interacting particles in a random potential is studied using a novel and efficient numerical method. We find that the enhancement of $ξ_2$ over the one-particle localization length $ξ_1$ satisfies the scaling relation $ξ_2/ξ_1=f(u/Δ_ξ)$, where $u$ is the interaction strength and $Δ_ξ$ the level spacing of a wire of length $ξ_1$. The scaling function $f$ is linear over the investigated parameter range. This implies that $ξ_2$ increases faster with $u$ than previously predicted. We also study a novel mapping of the problem to a banded-random-matrix model.

cond-mat↗

arXiv1994

Semiclassical theory of transport in antidot lattices

We present a detailed study of quantum transport in large antidot arrays whose classical dynamics is chaotic. We calculate the longitudinal and Hall conduc- tivities semiclassically starting from the Kubo formula. The leading contribu- tion reproduces the classical conductivity. In addition, we find oscillatory quantum corrections to the classical conductivity which are given in terms of the periodic orbits of the system. These periodic-orbit contributions provide a consistent explanation of the quantum oscillations in the magnetoconductivity observed by Weiss et al.\ [Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett.\ {\bf70}, 4118 (1993)]. We find that the phase of the oscillations is given by the classical action of the periodic orbit. The amplitude is determined by the stability and the velocity correlations of the orbit. The amplitude also decreases exponentially with temperature on the scale of the inverse orbit traversal time $\hbar/T_γ$. We also present a semiclassical derivation of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations where the corresponding classical motion is integrable. We show that the quantum oscillations in antidot lattices and the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations are closely related. However, the amplitude of the quantum oscillations in antidot lattices is of a higher power in Planck's constant $\hbar$ and hence smaller than that of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations. In this sense, the quantum oscillations in the conductivity are a sensitive probe of chaos.

cond-mat↗