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Fizay-Noah Lee

Publications and source records attributed to Fizay-Noah Lee.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Global existence of weak solutions to a nematic electrolyte model in 2D

In this paper, we study a system of partial differential equations modeling the dynamics of nematic electrolytes on a two-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^2$. The model couples the Poisson--Nernst--Planck equations for the evolution of ion concentrations and electrostatic potential with the Ericksen-Leslie equations for the flow and orientation of nematic liquid crystals. We prove the global existence of weak solutions to this system. The proof relies on a Ginzburg-Landau approximation scheme. Key steps include deriving uniform energy estimates and establishing the strong convergence of the director field by utilizing a Pohozaev-type identity to handle the lack of compactness in the Ericksen stress tensor.

math.AP↗
arXiv2026

On nematic electrolytes

We study a system of nonlinear partial differential equations modeling the electrokinetics of a nematic electrolyte material consisting of various ion species suspended in a nematic liquid crystal within a bounded domain in two or three dimensions. The system couples a Nernst-Planck model for ion concentrations with the Poisson equation for the electrostatic potential, a Navier-Stokes equation for the fluid solvent, and the Ericksen-Leslie equations with general Leslie stress for nematic liquid crystals. We consider the case of isotropic elasticity for the liquid crystal and impose a unit-length constraint on the director field. The no-flux condition for the electrochemical potential leads to a nonlinear (and nonlocal) boundary condition for the ion concentrations. Using the theory of maximal regularity, we prove existence and uniqueness of strong solutions, provide criteria for global existence, and characterize the set of equilibria.

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arXiv2025

Stability of Weak Electrokinetic Flow

We consider the Nernst-Planck-Stokes system on a bounded domain of $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d=2,3$ with general nonequilibrium Dirichlet boundary conditions for the ionic concentrations. It is well known that, in a wide range of cases, equilibrium steady state solutions of the system, characterized by zero fluid flow, are asymptotically stable. In these regimes, the existence of a natural dissipative structure is critical in obtaining stability. This structure, in general, breaks down under nonequilibrium conditions, in which case, in the steady state, the fluid flow may be nontrivial. In this short paper, we show that, nonetheless, certain classes of very weak nonequilibrium steady states, with nonzero fluid flow, remain globally asymptotically stable.

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arXiv2023

Long Time Dynamics of Nonequilibrium Electroconvection

The Nernst-Planck-Stokes (NPS) system models electroconvection of ions in a fluid. We consider the system, for two oppositely charged ionic species, on three dimensional bounded domains with Dirichlet boundary conditions for the ionic concentrations (modelling ion selectivity), Dirichlet boundary conditions for the electrical potential (modelling an applied potential), and no-slip boundary conditions for the fluid velocity. In this paper, we obtain quantitative bounds on solutions of the NPS system in the long time limit, which we use to prove 1) the existence of a compact global attractor with finite fractal (box-counting) dimension and 2) space-time averaged electroneutrality $ρ\approx 0$ in the singular limit of Debye length going to zero, $ε\to 0$.

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arXiv2022

On the global well-posedness and Gevrey regularity of some electrodiffusion models

We consider the Nernst-Planck equations describing the nonlinear time evolution of multiple ionic concentrations in a two-dimensional incompressible fluid. The velocity of the fluid evolves according to either the Euler or Darcy's equations, both forced nonlinearly by the electric forces generated by the presence of charged ions. We address the global well-posedness and Gevrey regularity of the resulting electrodiffusion models in the periodic setting.

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arXiv2022

Global Regularity for Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes Systems with Mixed Boundary Conditions

We consider electrodiffusion of ions in fluids, described by the Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes system, in three dimensional bounded domains, with mixed blocking (no-flux) and selective (Dirichlet) boundary conditions for the ionic concentrations and Robin boundary conditions for the electric potential, representing the presence of an electrical double layer. We prove global existence of strong solutions for large initial data in the case of two oppositely charged ionic species. The result hold unconditionally in the case where fluid flow is described by the Stokes equations. In the case of Navier-Stokes coupling, the result holds conditionally on Navier-Stokes regularity. We use a simplified argument to also establish global regularity for the case of purely blocking boundary conditions for the ionic concentrations for two oppositely charged ionic species and also for more than two species if the diffusivities are equal and the magnitudes of the valences are also equal.

math.AP↗
arXiv2022

Existence and Stability of Nonequilibrium Steady States of Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes Systems

We consider the Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes system in a bounded domain of ${\mathbb {R}}^d$, $d=2,3$ with general nonequilibrium Dirichlet boundary conditions for the ionic concentrations. We prove the existence of smooth steady state solutions and present a sufficient condition in terms of only the boundary data that guarantees that these solutions have nonzero fluid velocity. We show that time evolving solutions are ultimately bounded uniformly, independently of their initial size. In addition, we consider one dimensional steady states with steady nonzero currents and show that they are globally nonlinearly stable as solutions in a three dimensional periodic strip, if the currents are sufficiently weak.

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arXiv2020

Interior Electroneutrality in Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes Systems

We consider the limit of vanishing Debye length for ionic diffusion in fluids, described by the Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes system. In the asymptotically stable cases of blocking (vanishing normal flux) and uniform selective (special Dirichlet) boundary conditions for the ionic concentrations, we prove that the ionic charge density $ρ$ converges in time to zero in the interior of the domain, in the limit of vanishing Debye length ($ε\to 0$). For the unstable regime of Dirichlet boundary conditions for the ionic concentrations, we prove bounds that are uniform in time and $ε$. We also consider electroneutral boundary conditions, for which we prove that electroneutrality $ρ\to 0$ is achieved at any fixed $ε> 0$, exponentially fast in time in $L^p$, for all $1\le p<\infty$. The results hold for two oppositely charged ionic species with arbitrary ionic diffusivities, in bounded domains with smooth boundaries.

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arXiv2020

Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes systems near equilibrium

The Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes system models electrodiffusion of ions in a fluid. We prove global existence of solutions in bounded domains in three dimensions with either blocking (no-flux) or uniform selective (special Dirichlet) boundary conditions for ion concentrations. The global existence of strong solutions is established for initial conditions that are sufficiently small perturbations of steady state solutions. The solutions remain close to equilibrium in strong norms. The main two steps of the proof are (1) the decay of the sum of relative entropies (Kullback-Leibler divergences) and (2) the control of $L^2$ norms of deviations by the sum of relative entropies.

math.AP↗
arXiv2020

Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes Systems Far From Equilibrium

We consider ionic electrodiffusion in fluids, described by the Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes system. We prove that the system has global smooth solutions for arbitrary smooth data: arbitrary positive Dirichlet boundary conditions for the ionic concentrations, arbitrary Dirichlet boundary conditions for the potential, arbitrary positive initial concentrations, and arbitrary regular divergence-free initial velocities. The result holds for any positive diffusivities of ions, in bounded domains with smooth boundary in three space dimensions, in the case of two ionic species, coupled to Stokes equations for the fluid. The result also holds in the case of Navier-Stokes coupling, if the velocity is regular. The global smoothness of solutions is also true for arbitrarily many ionic species, if all their diffusivities are the same.

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