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Florian Loebbert

Publications and source records attributed to Florian Loebbert.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Consistent Conformal Extensions of the Standard Model

The question of whether classically conformal modifications of the standard model are consistent with experimental obervations has recently been subject to renewed interest. The method of Gildener and Weinberg provides a natural framework for the study of the effective potential of the resulting multi-scalar standard model extensions. This approach relies on the assumption of the ordinary loop hierarchy $λ_\text{s} \sim g^2_\text{g}$ of scalar and gauge couplings. On the other hand, Andreassen, Frost and Schwartz recently argued that in the (single-scalar) standard model, gauge invariant results require the consistent scaling $λ_\text{s} \sim g^4_\text{g}$. In the present paper we contrast these two hierarchy assumptions and illustrate the differences in the phenomenological predictions of minimal conformal extensions of the standard model.

hep-ph↗

Nonlocal Symmetries, Spectral Parameter and Minimal Surfaces in AdS/CFT

We give a general account of nonlocal symmetries in symmetric space models and their relation to the AdS/CFT correspondence. In particular, we study a master symmetry which generates the spectral parameter and acts as a level-raising operator on the classical Yangian generators. The master symmetry extends to an infinite tower of symmetries with nonlocal Casimir elements as associated conserved charges. We discuss the algebraic properties of these symmetries and establish their role in explaining the recently observed one-parameter deformation of holographic Wilson loops. Finally, we provide a numerical framework, in which discretized minimal surfaces and their master symmetry deformation can be calculated.

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Master Symmetry for Holographic Wilson Loops

We identify the symmetry underlying the recently observed spectral-parameter transformations of holographic Wilson loops alias minimal surfaces in AdS/CFT. The generator of this nonlocal symmetry is shown to furnish a raising operator on the classical Yangian-type charges of symmetric coset models. We explicitly demonstrate how this master symmetry acts on strong-coupling Wilson loops and indicate a possible extension to arbitrary coupling.

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Hidden Conformal Symmetry in Tree-Level Graviton Scattering

We argue that the scattering of gravitons in ordinary Einstein gravity possesses a hidden conformal symmetry at tree level in any number of dimensions. The presence of this conformal symmetry is indicated by the dilaton soft theorem in string theory, and it is reminiscent of the conformal invariance of gluon tree-level amplitudes in four dimensions. To motivate the underlying prescription, we demonstrate that formulating the conformal symmetry of gluon amplitudes in terms of momenta and polarization vectors requires manifest reversal and cyclic symmetry. Similarly, our formulation of the conformal symmetry of graviton amplitudes relies on a manifestly permutation symmetric form of the amplitude function.

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Yangian Symmetry for Fishnet Feynman Graphs

Various classes of fishnet Feynman graphs are shown to feature a Yangian symmetry over the conformal algebra. We explicitly discuss scalar graphs in three, four and six spacetime dimensions as well as the inclusion of fermions in four dimensions. The Yangian symmetry results in novel differential equations for these families of largely unsolved Feynman integrals. Notably, the considered fishnet graphs in three and four dimensions dominate the correlation functions and scattering amplitudes in specific double scaling limits of planar, gamma-twisted N=4 super Yang-Mills or ABJM theory. Consequently, the study of fishnet graphs allows us to get deep insights into the integrability of the planar AdS/CFT correspondence.

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Yangian Symmetry for Bi-Scalar Loop Amplitudes

We establish an all-loop conformal Yangian symmetry for the full set of planar amplitudes in the recently proposed integrable bi-scalar field theory in four dimensions. This chiral theory is a particular double scaling limit of gamma-twisted weakly coupled N=4 SYM theory. Each amplitude with a certain order of scalar particles is given by a single fishnet Feynman graph of disc topology cut out of a regular square lattice. The Yangian can be realized by the action of a product of Lax operators with a specific sequence of inhomogeneity parameters on the boundary of the disc. Based on this observation, the Yangian generators of level one for generic bi-scalar amplitudes are explicitly constructed. Finally, we comment on the relation to the dual conformal symmetry of these scattering amplitudes.

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Two-Loop SL(2) Form Factors and Maximal Transcendentality

Form factors of composite operators in the SL(2) sector of N=4 SYM theory are studied up to two loops via the on-shell unitarity method. The non-compactness of this subsector implies the novel feature and technical challenge of an unlimited number of loop momenta in the integrand's numerator. At one loop, we derive the full minimal form factor to all orders in the dimensional regularisation parameter. At two loops, we construct the complete integrand for composite operators with an arbitrary number of covariant derivatives, and we obtain the remainder functions as well as the dilatation operator for composite operators with up to three covariant derivatives. The remainder functions reveal curious patterns suggesting a hidden maximal uniform transcendentality for the full form factor. Finally, we speculate about an extension of these patterns to QCD.

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Lectures on Yangian Symmetry

In these introductory lectures we discuss the topic of Yangian symmetry from various perspectives. Forming the classical counterpart of the Yangian and an extension of ordinary Noether symmetries, first the concept of nonlocal charges in classical, two-dimensional field theory is reviewed. We then define the Yangian algebra following Drinfeld's original motivation to construct solutions to the quantum Yang-Baxter equation. Different realizations of the Yangian and its mathematical role as a Hopf algebra and quantum group are discussed. We demonstrate how the Yangian algebra is implemented in quantum, two-dimensional field theories and how its generators are renormalized. Implications of Yangian symmetry on the two-dimensional scattering matrix are investigated. We furthermore consider the important case of discrete Yangian symmetry realized on integrable spin chains. Finally we give a brief introduction to Yangian symmetry in planar, four-dimensional super Yang-Mills theory and indicate its impact on the dilatation operator and tree-level scattering amplitudes. These lectures are illustrated by several examples, in particular the two-dimensional chiral Gross-Neveu model, the Heisenberg spin chain and N=4 superconformal Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions. This review arose from lectures given at the Young Researchers Integrability School at Durham University (UK).

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An Integrability Primer for the Gauge-Gravity Correspondence: an Introduction

We introduce a series of articles reviewing various aspects of integrable models relevant to the AdS/CFT correspondence. Topics covered in these reviews are: classical integrability, Yangian symmetry, factorized scattering, the Bethe ansatz, the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz, and integrable structures in (conformal) quantum field theory. In the present article we highlight how these concepts have found application in AdS/CFT, and provide a brief overview of the material contained in this series.

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On-Shell Methods for the Two-Loop Dilatation Operator and Finite Remainders

We compute the two-loop minimal form factors of all operators in the SU(2) sector of planar N=4 SYM theory via on-shell unitarity methods. From the UV divergence of this result, we obtain the two-loop dilatation operator in this sector. Furthermore, we calculate the corresponding finite remainder functions. Since the operators break the supersymmetry, the remainder functions do not have the property of uniform transcendentality. However, the leading transcendentality part turns out to be universal and is identical to the corresponding BPS expressions. The remainder functions are shown to satisfy linear relations which can be explained by Ward identities of form factors following from R-symmetry.

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Quantum Gravitational Contributions to the Standard Model Effective Potential and Vacuum Stability

We compute the quantum gravitational contributions to the standard model effective potential and analyze their effects on the Higgs vacuum stability in the framework of effective field theory. Non-renormalizability of Einstein gravity induces higher dimension $ϕ^{6}$ and $ϕ^{8}$ operators at the one-loop level with novel couplings $η_{1/2}$. The beta functions of these couplings are established and the impact of the gravity induced contributions on electroweak vacuum stability is studied. We find that the true minimum of the standard model effective potential now lies below the Planck scale for almost the entire parameter space ($η_{1/2}(m_\text{t})> 0.01$). In addition quantum gravity is shown to contribute to the minimal value of the standard model NLO effective potential at the percent level. The quantum gravity induced contributions yield a metastable vacuum for a large fraction of the parameter space in the flowing couplings $η_{1/2}$.

hep-ph↗

Integrable Amplitude Deformations for N=4 Super Yang-Mills and ABJM Theory

We study Yangian-invariant deformations of scattering amplitudes in 4d N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and 3d N=6 Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena (ABJM) theory. In particular, we obtain the deformed Grassmannian integral for 4d N=4 super Yang-Mills theory, both in momentum and momentum-twistor space. For 3d ABJM theory, we initiate the study of deformed scattering amplitudes. We investigate general deformations of on-shell diagrams, and find the deformed Grassmannian integral for this theory. We furthermore introduce the algebraic R-matrix construction of deformed Yangian invariants for ABJM theory.

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Fixing the Quantum Three-Point Function

We propose a new method for the computation of quantum three-point functions for operators in su(2) sectors of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. The method is based on the existence of a unitary transformation relating inhomogeneous and long-range spin chains. This transformation can be traced back to a combination of boost operators and an inhomogeneous version of Baxter's corner transfer matrix. We reproduce the existing results for the one-loop structure constants in a simplified form and indicate how to use the method at higher loop orders. Then we evaluate the one-loop structure constants in the quasiclassical limit and compare them with the recent strong coupling computation.

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Integrable Deformations of the XXZ Spin Chain

We consider integrable deformations of the XXZ spin chain for periodic and open boundary conditions. In particular, we classify all long-range deformations and study their impact on the spectrum. As compared to the XXX case, we have the z-spin at our disposal, which induces two additional deformations: the short-range magnetic twist and a new long-range momentum-dependent twist.

math-ph↗

Long-Range Deformations for Integrable Spin Chains

We present a recursion relation for the explicit construction of integrable spin chain Hamiltonians with long-range interactions. Based on arbitrary short-range (e.g. nearest-neighbor) integrable spin chains, it allows to construct an infinite set of conserved long-range charges. We explain the moduli space of deformation parameters by different classes of generating operators. The rapidity map and dressing phase in the long-range Bethe equations are a result of these deformations. The closed chain asymptotic Bethe equations for long-range spin chains transforming under a generic symmetry algebra are derived. Notably, our construction applies to generalizations of standard nearest-neighbor chains such as alternating spin chains. We also discuss relevant properties for its application to planar D=4, N=4 and D=3, N=6 supersymmetric gauge theories. Finally, we present a map between long-range and inhomogeneous spin chains delivering more insight into the structures of these models as well as their limitations at wrapping order.

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Conformal Anomaly for Amplitudes in N=6 Superconformal Chern-Simons Theory

Scattering amplitudes in three-dimensional N=6 Chern-Simons theory are shown to be non-invariant with respect to the free representation of the osp(6|4) symmetry generators. At tree and one-loop level these "anomalous" terms occur only for non-generic, singular configurations of the external momenta and can be used to determine the form of the amplitudes. In particular we show that the symmetries predict that the one-loop six-point amplitude is non-vanishing and confirm this by means of an explicit calculation using generalized unitarity methods. We comment on the implications of this finding for any putative Wilson loop/amplitude duality in N=6 Chern-Simons theory.

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Boosting Nearest-Neighbour to Long-Range Integrable Spin Chains

We present an integrability-preserving recursion relation for the explicit construction of long-range spin chain Hamiltonians. These chains are generalizations of the Haldane-Shastry and Inozemtsev models and they play an important role in recent advances in string/gauge duality. The method is based on arbitrary nearest-neighbour integrable spin chains and it sheds light on the moduli space of deformation parameters. We also derive the closed chain asymptotic Bethe equations.

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Recursion Relations for Long-Range Integrable Spin Chains with Open Boundary Conditions

It is well known that integrable charges for short-range (e.g. nearest-neighbor) spin chains with periodic boundary conditions can be recursively generated by a so-called boost operator. In the past, this iterative construction has been generalized to periodic long-range spin chains as they appear in the context of the gauge/gravity correspondence. Here we introduce recursion relations for open long-range spin chain charges converting a short-range into a long-range integrable model.

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