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Francesco Coradeschi

Publications and source records attributed to Francesco Coradeschi.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

The quantum optics of gravitational waves

By utilizing quantum optics techniques, we examine the characteristics of a quantum gravitational wave (GW) signature at interferometers. In particular, we study the problem by analyzing the equations of motion of a GW interacting with an idealized interferometer. Using this method, we reconstruct the classical GW signal from a representation of the quantum version of an almost classical monochromatic wave (a single-mode coherent state), then we discuss the experimental signatures of some specific, more general quantum states. We calculate the observables that could be used at future interferometers to probe possible quantum states carried by the gravitational waves.

gr-qc

Quantum signatures in nonlinear gravitational waves

The effective quantum field theory description of gravity, despite its non-renormalizability, allows for predictions beyond classical general relativity. As we enter the age of gravitational wave astronomy, an important and timely question is whether measurable quantum predictions that depart from classical gravity, analogous to quantum optics effects which cannot be explained by classical electrodynamics, can be found. In this work, we investigate quantum signatures in gravitational waves using tools from quantum optics. Squeezed-coherent gravitational waves, which can exhibit sub-Poissonian graviton statistics, can enhance or suppress the signal measured by an interferometer, a characteristic effect of quantum squeezing. Moreover, we show that Gaussian gravitational wave quantum states can be reconstructed from measurements over an ensemble of optical fields interacting with a single copy of the gravitational wave, thus opening the possibility of detecting quantum features of gravity beyond classical general relativity.

gr-qc

Soft gluon-quark-antiquark emission in QCD hard scattering

We consider the radiation of a soft gluon ($g$) and a soft quark-antiquark ($q{\bar q}$) pair in QCD hard scattering. In the soft limit the scattering amplitude has a singular behaviour that is factorized and controlled by a soft current, which has a process-independent structure in colour space. We evaluate the soft $gq{\bar q}$ current at the tree level for an arbitrary multiparton scattering process. The irreducible correlation component of the current includes strictly non-abelian terms and also terms with an abelian character. Analogous abelian correlations appear for soft photon-lepton-antilepton emission in QED. The squared current for soft $gq{\bar q}$ emission produces colour dipole and colour tripole interactions between the hard-scattering partons. The colour tripole interactions are odd under charge conjugation and lead to charge asymmetry effects. We consider the specific applications to processes with two and three hard partons, and we discuss the structure of the corresponding charge asymmetry contributions. We also generalize our QCD results to the cases of QED and mixed QCD$\times$QED radiative corrections.

hep-ph

Can we detect the quantum nature of weak gravitational fields?

A theoretical framework for the quantization of gravity has been an elusive Holy Grail since the birth of quantum theory and general relativity. While generations of scientists have attempted solutions to this deep riddle, an alternative path built upon the idea that experimental evidence could determine whether gravity is quantized has been decades in the making. The possibility of an experimental answer to the question of the quantization of gravity is of renewed interest in the era of gravitational wave detectors. We review and investigate an important subset of phenomenological quantum gravity, detecting quantum signatures of weak gravitational fields in table-top experiments and interferometers.

gr-qc

reSolve - A Transverse Momentum Resummation Tool

In this note, we introduce the new tool reSolve, a Monte Carlo differential cross-section and parton-level event generator whose main purpose is to add transverse momentum resummation to a general class of inclusive processes at hadron colliders, namely all those which do not involve hadrons or jets in the measured final state. This documentation refers to the first main version release, which will form the basis for continued developments, consequently it only implements the key features of those we plan to ultimately include. This article acts as a manual for the program; describing in detail its use, structure, validation and results; whilst also highlighting key aspects of the resummation formalism applied. It details the two classes of processes so far included; these are diphoton production and Drell-Yan production. A main concept behind the development of the tool is that it is a hands-on white box for the user: significant effort has been made to give the program a modular structure, making the various parts which comprise it independent of each other as much as possible and ensuring they are transparently documented, customizable and, in principle, replaceable with something that may better serve the users needs. reSolve is a new C++ program, based on an evolution of the private Fortran code 2gres, previously used for the calculations in refs. [1] and [2]; it is also influenced by the DYRes Fortran code of refs. [3] and [4]. This initial version calculates the low transverse momentum contribution to the fully differential cross-section for two main categories of processes; the inclusive production of two photons, and inclusive Drell-Yan production. In all cases resummation up to Next-to-Next-to-Leading Logarithm (NNLL) is included. We aim to extend the program to several more processes in the near future. The program is publicly available on Github.

hep-ph

Transverse-momentum resummation for the signal-background interference in the $H \to γγ$ channel at the LHC

We present an upgraded calculation of the effects of resonance-continuum interference for the Higgs boson decaying to two photons at the Large Hadron Collider, at next-to-leading order in the strong coupling $α_S$, $O(α_S^3)$, and including transverse-momentum ($q_T$) resummation at next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. We study the importance of the interference contribution in different transverse-momentum regions, with a particular focus on the low $q_T$ region $q_T^2 << Q^2$ (with $Q^2$ being the invariant diphoton mass) where resummation becomes essential for a reliable calculation.

hep-ph

Unified limiting form of graviton radiation at extreme energies

We derive the limiting form of graviton radiation in gravitational scattering at transplanckian energies ($E\gg M_P$) and small deflection angles. We show that --- owing to the graviton's spin 2 --- such limiting form unifies the soft- and Regge- regimes of emission, by covering a broad angular range, from forward fragmentation to deeply central region. The single-exchange emission amplitudes have a nice expression in terms of the transformation phases of helicity amplitudes under rotations. As a result, the multiple-exchange emission amplitudes can be resummed via an impact parameter $b$-space factorization theorem that takes into account all coherence effects. We then see the emergence of an energy spectrum of the emitted radiation which, being tuned on $\hbar/R \sim M_P^2/E \ll M_P$, is reminiscent of Hawking's radiation. Such a spectrum is much softer than the one naïvely expected for increasing input energies and neatly solves a potential energy crisis. Furthermore, by including rescattering corrections in the (quantum) factorization formula, we are able to recover the classical limit and to find the corresponding quantum corrections. Perspectives for the extrapolation of such limiting radiation towards the classical collapse regime (where $b$ is of the order of the gravitational radius $R$) are also discussed.

hep-th

Diphoton production at hadron colliders: transverse-momentum resummation at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy

We consider the transverse-momentum (qT) distribution of a diphoton pair produced in hadron collisions. At small values of qT , we resum the logarithmically-enhanced perturbative QCD contributions up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. At intermediate and large values of qT, we consistently combine resummation with the known next-to-leading order perturbative result. All perturbative terms up to order α_S^2 are included in our computation which, after integration over qT, reproduces the known next-to-next-to-leading order result for the diphoton pair production total cross section. We present a comparison with LHC data and an estimate of the perturbative accuracy of the theoretical calculation by performing the corresponding variation of scales. In general we observe that the effect of the resummation is not only to recover the predictivity of the calculation at small transverse momentum, but also to improve substantially the agreement with the experimental data.

hep-ph

A naturally light dilaton

Goldstone's theorem does not apply straightforwardly to the case of spontaneously broken scale invariance. We elucidate under what conditions a light scalar degree of freedom, identifiable with the dilaton, can naturally arise. Our construction can be considered an explicit dynamical solution to the cosmological constant problem in the scalar version of gravity.

hep-th

Selection rules for helicity amplitudes in massive gauge theories

After a rediscussion of the vanishing theorems for helicity amplitudes in unbroken gauge theories, we study the case of spontaneously broken gauge theories at high energy. The vanishing theorems generalize to a definite pattern of m/E-suppression of the amplitudes that vanish in the massless case, where E is the energy scale of the process and m is the mass of the gauge vectors. We use only elementary arguments, and as an application we show how these methods can be employed to understand some aspects of the effective W approximation in the polarized case.

hep-ph

Indirect Sensitivity to Heavy Z' Bosons at a Multi-TeV e+e- Collider

We compare the phenomenology of two models, the so-called minimal Z' and an effective model for a SM-like Higgs realised as a composite state of a new strong interaction, at a multi-TeV linear collider in the hypothesis that the new physics is at a scale beyond the direct reach of the machine.

hep-ph

Effective chiral Lagrangians for new vector bosons to O(p^4) order

If the SM Higgs boson does not exist, electroweak symmetry breaking may be realized via a strong interaction with a typical scale Lambda > 1 TeV. Resonances from the strong sector may help to unitarize WW scattering, which becomes strong in the absence of an Higgs field, and could be detected at the LHC. In this paper we describe such a scenario, in the minimal case in which only one new vector resonance is present, via a chiral SU(2) x SU(2)/SU(2) lagrangian also including all possible invariant terms up to O(p^4) order (assuming a parity symmetry in the strong sector). The O(p^4) invariants are not usually taken into account in similar studies in the literature; however, they have been shown to be potentially important, at least, to reconcile this kind of scheme with electroweak precision tests. Here we use the O(p^4) lagrangian to study the scattering amplitudes for the pi pi sector, investigating the partial wave unitarity properties of the model and its cut-off energy scale. We obtain constraints on the parameter space and compare our result to the one obtained with just the O(p^2) lagrangian, finding that the contribution of the new operators is indeed significant.

hep-ph

From hidden symmetry to extra dimensions: a five dimensional formulation of the Degenerate BESS model

We consider the continuum limit of a moose model corresponding to a generalization to N sites of the Degenerate BESS model. The five dimensional formulation emerging in this limit is a realization of a RS1 type model with SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R in the bulk, broken by boundary conditions and a vacuum expectation value on the infrared brane. A low energy effective Lagrangian is derived by means of the holographic technique and corresponding bounds on the model parameters are obtained.

hep-ph

Modified spontaneous symmetry breaking pattern by brane-bulk interaction terms

We show how translational invariance can be broken by the vacuum that drives the spontaneous symmetry breaking of extra-dimensional extensions of the Standard Model, when delta-like interactions between brane and bulk scalar fields are present. We explicitly build some examples of vacuum configurations, which induce the spontaneous symmetry breaking, and have non trivial profile in the extra coordinate.

hep-th