arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Francesco Galuppi.
We work on two conjectures on tensor eigenvalue multiplicities. By using the language of algebraic geometry we give stronger, more refined versions of the conjectures and we prove them in many new cases, notably for all $2\times 2\times\dots\times 2$ tensors. We also establish a connection between the rank of a tensor and the multiplicities of the zero eigenvalue.
The signature of a path is a sequence of tensors which allows to uniquely reconstruct the path. By employing the geometric theory of nonlinear systems of ordinary differential equations, we find necessary and sufficient algebraic conditions on the signature tensors of a path to be a solution of a given system of ODEs. As an application, we describe in detail the systems of ODEs that describe the trajectories of a vector field, in particular a linear and Hamiltonian one.
The signature of a path is a sequence of tensors whose entries are iterated integrals, playing a key role in stochastic analysis and applications. The set of all signature tensors at a particular level gives rise to the universal signature variety. We show that the parametrization of this variety induces a natural decomposition of the tensor space via representation theory, and connect this to the study of path invariants. We also reveal certain constraints that apply to the rank and symmetry of a signature tensor.
In this paper, we study the symmetric rank of products of linear forms and an irreducible quadratic form. The main result presents a new, non-trivial lower bound for the rank, and the arguments rely on the apolarity lemma. In the special case of degree 4, we give a list of normal forms for such quartics, and we apply our general result to compute the rank of almost all of them. These families of quartics provide examples of polynomials of generic, supergeneric and even maximal rank, as well as an unexpected number of decompositions.
The signature of a path is a sequence of tensors which allows to uniquely reconstruct the path. In this paper we propose a systematic study of basic properties of signature tensors, starting from their rank, symmetries and conciseness. We prove a sharp upper bound on the rank of signature tensors of piecewise linear paths. We show that there are no skew-symmetric signature tensors of order three or more, and we also prove that specific instances of partial symmetry can only happen for tensors of order three. Finally, we give a simple geometric characterization of paths whose signature tensors are not concise.
We prove that Segre-Veronese varieties are never secant defective if each degree is at least three. The proof is by induction on the number of factors, degree and dimension. As a corollary, we give an almost optimal non-defectivity result for Segre-Veronese varieties with one degree equal to one and all the others at least three.
After a few results on curves, we characterize the smallest nonempty Terracini loci of Veronese and Segre-Veronese varieties. For del Pezzo surfaces, we give a full description of the Terracini loci. Moreover, we present an algorithm to explicitly compute the Terracini loci of a given variety.
We lay the geometric foundations for the study of the characteristic polynomial of tensors. For symmetric tensors of order $d \geq 3$ and dimension $2$ and symmetric tensors of order $3$ and dimension $3$, we prove that only finitely many tensors share any given characteristic polynomial, unlike the case of symmetric matrices and the case of non-symmetric tensors. We propose precise conjectures for the dimension of the variety of tensors sharing the same characteristic polynomial, in the symmetric and in the non-symmetric setting.
Secant defectivity of projective varieties is classically approached via dimensions of linear systems with multiple base points in general position. The latter can be studied via degenerations. We exploit a technique that allows some of the base points to collapse together. We deduce a general result which we apply to prove a conjecture by Abo and Brambilla: for $c \geq 3$ and $d \geq 3$, the Segre-Veronese embedding of $\mathbb{P}^m\times\mathbb{P}^n$ in bidegree $(c,d)$ is non-defective.
We prove that two general ternary forms are simultaneously identifiable only in the classical cases of two quadratic and a cubic and a quadratic form. We translate the problem into the study of a certain linear system on a projective bundle on the plane, and we apply techniques from projective and birational geometry to prove that the associated map is not birational.
We study schemes of tensor eigenvectors from an algebraic and geometric viewpoint. We characterize determinantal defining equations of such eigenschemes via linear equations in their coefficients, both in the general and in the symmetric case. We give a geometric necessary condition for a 0-dimensional scheme to be an eigenscheme.
One way to study an hypergraph is to attach to it a tensor. Tensors are a generalization of matrices, and they are an efficient way to encode information in a compact form. In this paper we study how properties of weighted hypergraphs are reflected on eigenvalues and eigenvectors of their associated tensors. We also show how to efficiently compute eingenvalues with some techniques from numerical algebraic geometry.
We present and expand some existing results on the Zariski closure of cyclic groups and semigroups of matrices. We show that, with the exclusion of isolated points, their irreducible components are toric varieties. Additionally, we demonstrate how every toric variety can be realized as the Zariski closure of a cyclic matrix group. Our paper includes a number of explicit examples and a note on existing computational results.
We study projective schemes arising from eigenvectors of tensors, called eigenschemes. After some general results, we give a birational description of the variety parametrizing eigenschemes of general ternary symmetric tensors and we compute its dimension. Moreover, we characterize the locus of triples of homogeneous polynomials defining the eigenscheme of a ternary symmetric tensor. Our results allow us to implement algorithms to check whether a given set of points is the eigenscheme of a symmetric tensor, and to reconstruct the tensor. Finally, we give a geometric characterization of all reduced zero-dimensional eigenschemes. The techniques we use rely both on classical and modern complex projective algebraic geometry.
In stochastic analysis, a standard method to study a path is to work with its signature. This is a sequence of tensors of different order that encode information of the path in a compact form. When the path varies, such signatures parametrize an algebraic variety in the tensor space. The study of these signature varieties builds a bridge between algebraic geometry and stochastics, and allows a fruitful exchange of techniques, ideas, conjectures and solutions. In this paper we study the signature varieties of two very different classes of paths. The class of rough paths is a natural extension of the class of piecewise smooth paths. It plays a central role in stochastics, and its signature variety is toric. The class of axis-parallel paths has a peculiar combinatoric flavour, and we prove that it is toric in many cases.
We show that the eigenschemes of $4 \times 4 \times 4$ symmetric tensors are parametrized by a linear subvariety of the Grassmannian $\operatorname{Gr}(3,\mathbb{P}^{14})$. We also study the decomposition of the eigenscheme into the subscheme associated to the zero eigenvalue and its residue. In particular, we categorize the possible degrees and dimensions.
We study Veronese and Segre morphisms between non-commutative projective spaces. We compute finite reduced Gröbner bases for their kernels, and we compare them with their analogues in the commutative case.
The computation of the dimension of linear systems of plane curves through a bunch of given multiple points is one of the most classic issues in Algebraic Geometry. In general, it is still an open problem to understand when the points fail to impose independent conditions. Despite many partial results, a complete solution is not known, even if the fixed points are in general position. The answer in the case of general points in the projective plane is predicted by the famous Segre-Harbourne-Gimigliano-Hirschowitz conjecture. When we consider fixed points in special position, even more interesting situations may occur. Recently Di Gennaro, Ilardi and Vallès discovered a special configuration $Z$ of nine points with a remarkable property: a general triple point always fails to impose independent conditions on the ideal of $Z$ in degree four. The peculiar structure and properties of this kind of \textit{unexpected curves} were studied by Cook II, Harbourne, Migliore and Nagel. By using both explicit geometric constructions and more abstract algebraic arguments, we classify low degree unexpected curves. In particular, we prove that the aforementioned configuration $Z$ is the unique one giving rise to an unexpected quartic.