arXiv subjects

Francisco Simão

Publications and source records attributed to Francisco Simão.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Quantum variational calculus on a lattice

We solve the long-standing problem of variational calculus on a noncommutative space or spacetime for a significant class of models with trivial jet bundle. Our approach entails a quantum version of the Anderson variational double complex $Ω(J^\infty)$ and includes Euler-Lagrange equations and a partial Noether's theorem. We show in detail how this works for a free field on a $\Bbb Z^m$ lattice regarded as a discrete noncommutative geometry, obtaining the Klein-Gordon equation for a scalar field, including with a general metric and gauge field background, as the Euler-Lagrange equations of motion for an action. In the case of a flat metric we also obtain an exactly on-shell conserved stress-energy tensor and Noether charges for a scalar field on the lattice and modified energy-momentum relations.

hep-th↗

arXiv2025

Finite group gauge theory on graphs and gravity-like modes

We study gauge theory with finite group $G$ on a graph $X$ using noncommutative differential geometry and Hopf algebra methods with $G$-valued holonomies replaced by gauge fields valued in a `finite group Lie algebra' subset of the group algebra $\mathbb{C} G$ corresponding to the complete graph differential structure on $G$. We show that this richer theory decomposes as a product over the nontrivial irreducible representations $ρ$ with dimension $d_ρ$ of certain noncommutative $U(d_ρ)$-Yang-Mills theories, which we introduce. The Yang-Mills action recovers the Wilson action for a lattice but now with additional terms. We compute the moduli space $\mathcal{A}^\times / \mathcal{G}$ of regular connections modulo gauge transformations on connected graphs $X$. For $G$ Abelian, this is given as expected by phases associated to fundamental loops but with additional $\mathbb{R}_{>0}$-valued modes on every edge resembling the metric for quantum gravity models on graphs. For nonAbelian $G$, these modes become positive-matrix valued modes. We study the quantum gauge field theory in the Abelian case in a functional integral approach, particularly for $X$ the finite chain $A_{n+1}$, the $n$-gon $\mathbb{Z}_n$ and the single plaquette $\mathbb{Z}_2\times \mathbb{Z}_2$. We show that, in stark contrast to usual lattice gauge theory, the Lorentzian version is well-behaved, and we identify novel boundary vs bulk effects in the case of the finite chain. We also consider gauge fields valued in the finite-group Lie algebra corresponding to a general Cayley graph differential calculus on $G$, where we study an obstruction to closure of gauge transformations.

hep-th↗

arXiv2023

Quantum Jet Bundles

We formulate a notion of jet bundles over a possibly noncommutative algebra $A$ equipped with a torsion free connection. Among the conditions needed for 3rd-order jets and above is that the connection also be flat and its `generalised braiding tensor' $σ:Ω^1\otimes_AΩ^1\to Ω^1\otimes_AΩ^1$ obey the Yang-Baxter equation or braid relations. We also cover the case of jet bundles of a given `vector bundle' over $A$ in the form of a bimodule $E$ with a flat bimodule connection with its braiding $σ_E$ obeying the coloured braid relations. Examples include the permutation group $S_3$ with its 2-cycles calculus, $M_2(\Bbb C)$, the bicrossproduct model quantum spacetime in two dimensions and $\Bbb C_q[SL_2]$ for $q$ a 4th root of unity.

math.QA↗