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Fuwen Shu

Publications and source records attributed to Fuwen Shu.

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Galaxy-LRD Strong Lenses: A Missing Population?

The physical nature of Little Red Dots (LRDs) remains uncertain, although these abundant, compact, and red sources may offer important insights into early black-hole growth and galaxy formation. Strong gravitational lensing can magnify LRDs and spatially resolve their internal structure, thereby helping to discriminate among competing physical scenarios. However, no galaxy-scale strongly lensed LRD has yet been securely confirmed. To predict the abundance of such systems in current and future surveys and to guide dedicated searches, we present the first benchmark estimate of the detectable population of galaxy-scale lensed LRDs by combining literature-based LRD source models with a population of foreground early-type galaxy deflectors. Our Monte Carlo simulation spans $50~{\rm deg}^{2}$ and contains 270,713 LRDs and 5,460,841 deflectors. We predict idealized surface densities of $10.70\pm3.76~{\rm deg}^{-2}$ for doubles and $0.64\pm0.69~{\rm deg}^{-2}$ for quads. After accounting for the JWST point-spread function and survey limiting magnitudes, the detectable surface densities decrease to $3.70\pm1.89~{\rm deg}^{-2}$ and $0.52\pm0.58~{\rm deg}^{-2}$, respectively. For the de-duplicated $0.66~{\rm deg}^{2}$ footprint covered by COSMOS-Web, PRIMER-UDS, PRIMER-COSMOS, CEERS, JADES GOODS-S, and JADES GOODS-N, for which the reported limiting depths are combined through area-weighted averaging in flux space, the predicted probabilities of detecting no systems are $8.6\%$ for doubles and $70.8\%$ for quads.

astro-ph.GA

U(1) symmetry and elimination of spin-0 gravitons in Horava-Lifshitz gravity without the projectability condition

In this paper, we show that the spin-0 gravitons appearing in Horava-Lifshitz gravity without the projectability condition can be eliminated by extending the gauge symmetries of the foliation-preserving diffeomorphisms to include a local U(1) symmetry. As a result, the problems of stability, ghost, strong coupling, and different speeds in the gravitational sector are automatically resolved. In addition, with the detailed balance condition softly breaking, the number of independent coupling constants can be significantly reduced (from more than 70 down to 15), while the theory is still UV complete and possesses a healthy IR limit, whereby the prediction powers of the theory are considerably improved. The strong coupling problem in the matter sector can be cured by introducing an energy scale $M_{*}$, so that $M_{*} < Λ_ω$, where $M_{*}$ denotes the suppression energy of high order derivative terms, and $Λ_ω$ the would-be strong coupling energy scale.

hep-th