Evolution and breakdown of chiral anomaly in Weyl semiconductor tellurium
Chiral anomaly in topological materials manifests as negative longitudinal magnetoresistance, yet the tunability and evolution of this effect remain elusive. Here we show that doped tellurium serves as a versatile platform to realize a giant negative longitudinal magnetoresistance that is highly tunable via the Fermi level and magnetic field. By moving the Fermi level towards the Weyl point, we observe a pronounced enhancement of negative magnetoresistance, which arises from chiral anomaly and robustly persists up to ambient temperature. Beyond the quantum limit, the system exhibits positive linear magnetoconductance, serving as a compelling transport signature of the chiral anomaly in the lowest Landau level. Notably, in the extreme quantum limit at cryogenic temperatures, the magnetoresistance undergoes a dramatic reversal from negative to positive. This reversal points to a potential field-induced phase transition into a collective electronic state driven by enhanced electron-electron interactions. Our findings provide valuable insights into the unconventional chiral transport and emergent correlated quantum states under extreme magnetic fields.