arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Géza Kós.
In this note we prove the following fact: if finite many elements $p_1,p_2,...,p_n$ of a unique factorization domain are given such that the greatest common divisor of each pair $(p_i,p_j)$ can be expressed as a linear combination of $p_i$ and $p_j$ then the greatest common divisor of all $p_i$s also can be expressed as a linear combination of $p_1,...,p_n$. We prove am analogous statement in commutative rings.
Alon's combinatorial Nullstellensatz (Theorem 1.1 from \cite{Alon1}) is one of the most powerful algebraic tools in combinatorics, with a diverse array of applications. Let $\F$ be a field, $S_1,S_2,..., S_n$ be finite nonempty subsets of $\F$. Alon's theorem is a specialized, precise version of the Hilbertsche Nullstellensatz for the ideal of all polynomial functions vanishing on the set $S=S_1\times S_2\times ... \times S_n\subseteq \F^n$. From this Alon deduces a simple and amazingly widely applicable nonvanishing criterion (Theorem 1.2 in \cite{Alon1}). It provides a sufficient condition for a polynomial $f(x_1,...,x_n)$ which guarantees that $f$ is not identically zero on the set $S$. In this paper we extend these two results from sets of points to multisets. We give two different proofs of the generalized nonvanishing theorem. We extend some of the known applications of the original nonvanishing theorem to a setting allowing multiplicities, including the theorem of Alon and Füredi on the hyperplane coverings of discrete cubes.
The 6th problem of the 50th International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO), held in Germany, 2009, was the following. Let $a_1,a_2,...,a_n$ be distinct positive integers and let $M$ be a set of $n-1$ positive integers not containing $s=a_1+a_2+...+a_n$. A grasshopper is to jump along the real axis, starting at the point 0 and making $n$ jumps to the right with lengths $a_1,a_2,...,a_n$ in some order. Prove that the order can be chosen in such a way that the grasshopper never lands on any point in $M$. The problem was discussed in many on-line forums, as well by communities of students as by senior mathematicians. Though there have been attempts to solve the problem using Noga Alon's famous Combinatorial Nullstellensatz, up to now all known solutions to the IMO problem are elementary and inductive. In this paper we show that if the condition that the numbers $a_1,...a_n$ are positive is omitted, it allows us to apply the polynomial method to solve the modified problem.
Alon's combinatorial Nullstellensatz, and in particular the resulting nonvanishing criterion is one of the most powerful algebraic tools in combinatorics, with many important applications. In this paper we extend the nonvanishing theorem in two directions. We prove a version allowing multiple points. Also, we establish a variant which is valid over arbitrary commutative rings, not merely over subrings of fields. As an application, we prove extensions of the theorem of Alon and Füredi on hyperplane coverings of discrete cubes.
Based on the recent work of Arsovski, we confirm a conjecture of Feng, Sun, and Xiang, and we give a shortened proof of Snevily's conjecture.