arXiv subjects

G. A. Beer

Publications and source records attributed to G. A. Beer.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2014

Enhancement of muonium emission rate from silica aerogel with a laser ablated surface

Emission of muonium ($μ^+e^-$) atoms from a laser-processed aerogel surface into vacuum was studied for the first time. Laser ablation was used to create hole-like regions with diameter of about 270$~μ$m in a triangular pattern with hole separation in the range of 300--500$~μ$m. The emission probability for the laser-processed aerogel sample is at least eight times higher than for a uniform one.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2013

Measurement of muonium emission from silica aerogel

Emission of muonium ($μ^{+}e^{-}$) atoms from silica aerogel into vacuum was observed. Characteristics of muonium emission were established from silica aerogel samples with densities in the range from 29 mg cm$^{-3}$ to 178 mg cm$^{-3}$. Spectra of muonium decay times correlated with distances from the aerogel surfaces, which are sensitive to the speed distributions, follow general features expected from a diffusion process, while small deviations from a simple room-temperature thermal diffusion model are identified. The parameters of the diffusion process are deduced from the observed yields.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2003

Scattering of p$μ$ muonic atoms in solid hydrogen

We present the results of experimental and theoretical study of the scattering of low energy p$μ$ atoms in solid hydrogen cooled to 3 K. The resulting emission of low energy p$μ$ atoms from the hydrogen layer into the adjacent vacuum was much higher than that predicted by calculations which ignored the solid nature of the hydrogen. New differential scattering cross sections have been calculated for the collisions of p$μ$ atoms on solid hydrogen to acount for its quantum crystalline nature. Analysis of the experimental data performed using such cross sections shows the important role of the coherent scattering in p$μ$ atom diffusion. For p$μ$ energies lower than the Bragg cutoff limit (2 meV) the elastic Bragg scattering vanishes which makes the total scattering cross section fall by several orders of magnitude, and thus the hydrogen target becomes transparent allowing the emission of cold p$μ$ atoms to occur.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2001

Resonant Scattering of Muonic Hydrogen Atoms and Dynamics of Muonic Molecular Complex

Resonant scattering of muonic hydrogen atoms via back decay of molecular complex, a key process in the understanding of epithermal muonic molecular formation, is analyzed. The limitations of the effective rate approximation are discussed and the importance of the explicit treatment of the back decay is stressed. An expression of the energy distribution for the back-decayed atoms is given.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2001

Measurement of the Resonant $dμt$ Molecular Formation Rate in Solid HD

Measurements of muon-catalyzed dt fusion ($dμt \to ^4He+n+μ^-$) in solid HD have been performed. The theory describing the energy dependent resonant molecular formation rate for the reaction $μt$ + HD $\to [(dμt)pee]^*$ is compared to experimental results in a pure solid HD target. Constraints on the rates are inferred through the use of a Monte Carlo model developed specifically for the experiment. From the time-of- flight analysis of fusion events in 16 and 37 $μg\cdot cm^{-2}$ targets, an average formation rate consistent with 0.897$\pm$(0.046)$_{stat}\pm$ (0.166)$_{syst}$ times the theoretical prediction was obtained.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2001

Time-of-Flight Spectroscopy of Muonic Hydrogen Atoms and Molecules

Studies of muonic hydrogen atoms and molecules have been performed traditionally in bulk targets of gas, liquid or solid. At TRIUMF, Canada's meson facility, we have developed a new type of target system using multilayer thin films of solid hydrogen, which provides a beam of muonic hydrogen atoms in vacuum. Using the time-of-flight of the muonic atoms, the energy-dependent information of muonic reactions are obtained in direct manner. We discuss some unique measurements enabled by the new technique, with emphasis on processes relevant to muon catalyzed fusion.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2000

Using Thin Film Targets for Muonic Atoms and Muon Catalyzed Fusion Studies

Studies of muonic atoms and muon catalyzed fusion have been conventionally done in a bulk target of gas, liquid or solid hydrogen isotopes. The use of thin film targets developed at TRIUMF have notable advantages in tackling some of the most important questions in the field, which could be further exploited at future high intensity muon sources. We review the technique of the thin film method with emphasis on recent results and a future proposal.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2000

Resonant Formation of $dμt$ Molecules in Deuterium: An Atomic Beam Measurement of Muon Catalyzed dt Fusion

Resonant formation of $dμt$ molecules in collisions of muonic tritium ($μt$) on D$_2$ was investigated using a beam of $μt$ atoms, demonstrating a new direct approach in muon catalyzed fusion studies. Strong epithermal resonances in $dμt$ formation were directly revealed for the first time. From the time-of-flight analysis of $2036\pm 116$ $dt$ fusion events, a formation rate consistent with $0.73\pm (0.16)_{meas} \pm (0.09)_{model}$ times the theoretical prediction was obtained. For the largest peak at a resonance energy of $0.423 \pm 0.037$ eV, this corresponds to a rate of $(7.1 \pm 1.8) \times 10^9$ s$^{-1}$, more than an order of magnitude larger than those at low energies.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv1997

A Precision Measurement of Nuclear Muon Capture on 3He

The muon capture rate in the reaction mu- 3He -> nu + 3H has been measured at PSI using a modular high pressure ionization chamber. The rate corresponding to statistical hyperfine population of the mu-3He atom is (1496.0 +- 4.0) s^-1. This result confirms the PCAC prediction for the pseudoscalar form factors of the 3He-3H system and the nucleon.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1997

Muon Catalyzed Fusion in 3 K Solid Deuterium

Muon catalyzed fusion in deuterium has traditionally been studied in gaseous and liquid targets. The TRIUMF solid-hydrogen-layer target system has been used to study the fusion reaction rates in the solid phase of D_2 at a target temperature of 3 K. Products of two distinct branches of the reaction were observed; neutrons by a liquid organic scintillator, and protons by a silicon detector located inside the target system. The effective molecular formation rate from the upper hyperfine state of $μd$ and the hyperfine transition rate have been measured: $\tildeλ_(3/2)=2.71(7)_{stat.}(32)_{syst.} μ/s$, and $\tildeλ_{(3/2)(1/2)} =34.2(8)_{stat.}(1)_{syst.} μ/s$. The molecular formation rate is consistent with other recent measurements, but not with the theory for isolated molecules. The discrepancy may be due to incomplete thermalization, an effect which was investigated by Monte Carlo calculations. Information on branching ratio parameters for the s and p wave d+d nuclear interaction has been extracted.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv1996

Characterization of Solidified Gas Thin Film Targets via Alpha Particle Energy Loss

A method is reported for measuring the thickness and uniformity of thin films of solidified gas targets. The energy of alpha particles traversing the film is measured and the energy loss is converted to thickness using the stopping power. The uniformity is determined by measuring the thickness at different positions with an array of sources. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to study the film deposition mechanism. Thickness calibrations for a TRIUMF solid hydrogen target system are presented.

nucl-ex↗