arXiv subjects

G. Cancelo

Publications and source records attributed to G. Cancelo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

First search for dark photon dark matter with a MADMAX prototype

We report the first result from a dark photon dark matter search in the mass range from ${78.62}$ to $83.95~\mathrm{\mu eV}/c^2$ with a dielectric haloscope prototype for MADMAX (Magnetized Disc and Mirror Axion eXperiment). Putative dark photons would convert to observable photons within a stack consisting of three sapphire disks and a mirror. The emitted power of this system is received by an antenna and successively digitized using a low-noise receiver. No dark photon signal has been observed. Assuming unpolarized dark photon dark matter with a local density of $\rho_{\chi}=0.3~\mathrm{GeV/cm^3}$ we exclude a dark photon to photon mixing parameter $\chi > 2.7 \times 10^{-12}$ over the full mass range and $\chi > 1.1 \times 10^{-13}$ at a mass of $80.57~\mathrm{\mu eV}/c^2$ with a 95\% confidence level. This is the first physics result from a MADMAX prototype and exceeds previous constraints on $\chi$ in this mass range by up to almost three orders of magnitude.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

First Measurement of Correlated Charge Noise in Superconducting Qubits at an Underground Facility

We measure space- and time-correlated charge jumps on a four-qubit device, operating 107 meters below the Earth's surface in a low-radiation, cryogenic facility designed for the characterization of low-threshold particle detectors. The rock overburden of this facility reduces the cosmic ray muon flux by over 99% compared to laboratories at sea level. Combined with 4$\pi$ coverage of a movable lead shield, this facility enables quantifiable control over the flux of ionizing radiation on the qubit device. Long-time-series charge tomography measurements on these weakly charge-sensitive qubits capture discontinuous jumps in the induced charge on the qubit islands, corresponding to the interaction of ionizing radiation with the qubit substrate. The rate of these charge jumps scales with the flux of ionizing radiation on the qubit package, as characterized by a series of independent measurements on another energy-resolving detector operating simultaneously in the same cryostat with the qubits. Using lead shielding, we achieve a minimum charge jump rate of 0.19$^{+0.04}_{-0.03}$ mHz, almost an order of magnitude lower than that measured in surface tests, but a factor of roughly eight higher than expected based on reduction of ambient gammas alone. We operate four qubits for over 22 consecutive hours with zero correlated charge jumps at length scales above three millimeters.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2024

Cryogenic optical beam steering for superconducting device calibration

We have developed a calibration system based on a micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) mirror that is capable of delivering an optical beam over a wavelength range of 180 -- 2000 nm (0.62 -- 6.89 eV) in a sub-Kelvin environment. This portable, integrated system can steer the beam over a $\sim$3 cm $\times$ 3 cm area on the surface of any sensor with a precision of $\sim$100 $\mu$m, enabling characterization of device response as a function of position. This fills a critical need in the landscape of calibration tools for sub-Kelvin devices, including those used for dark matter detection and quantum computing. These communities have a shared goal of understanding the impact of ionizing radiation on device performance, which can be pursued with our system. This paper describes the design of the first-generation calibration system and the results from successfully testing its performance at room temperature and 20 mK.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2024

Estimating the Energy Threshold of Phonon-mediated Superconducting Qubit Detectors Operated in an Energy-Relaxation Sensing Scheme

In recent years, the lack of a conclusive detection of WIMP dark matter at the 10 GeV/c$^{2}$ mass scale and above has encouraged development of low-threshold detector technology aimed at probing lighter dark matter candidates. Detectors based on Cooper-pair-breaking sensors have emerged as a promising avenue for this detection due to the low (meV-scale) energy required for breaking a Cooper pair in most superconductors. Among them, devices based on superconducting qubits are interesting candidates for sensing due to their observed sensitivity to broken Cooper pairs. We have developed an end-to-end G4CMP-based simulation framework and have used it to evaluate performance metrics of qubit-based devices operating in a gate-based "energy relaxation" readout scheme, akin to those used in recent studies of qubit sensitivity to ionizing radiation. We find that for this readout scheme, the qubit acts as a phonon sensor with an energy threshold ranging down to $\simeq$0.4 eV for near-term performance parameters.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2023

Confirmation of the spectral excess in DAMIC at SNOLAB with skipper CCDs

We present results from a 3.25 kg-day target exposure of two silicon charge-coupled devices (CCDs), each with 24 megapixels and skipper readout, deployed in the DAMIC setup at SNOLAB. With a reduction in pixel readout noise of a factor of 10 relative to the previous detector, we investigate the excess population of low-energy events in the CCD bulk previously observed above expected backgrounds. We address the dominant systematic uncertainty of the previous analysis through a depth fiducialization designed to reject surface backgrounds on the CCDs. The measured bulk ionization spectrum confirms the presence of an excess population of low-energy events in the CCD target with characteristic rate of ${\sim}7$ events per kg-day and electron-equivalent energies of ${\sim}80~$eV, whose origin remains unknown.

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2022

Characterization of the background spectrum in DAMIC at SNOLAB

We construct the first comprehensive radioactive background model for a dark matter search with charge-coupled devices (CCDs). We leverage the well-characterized depth and energy resolution of the DAMIC at SNOLAB detector and a detailed GEANT4-based particle-transport simulation to model both bulk and surface backgrounds from natural radioactivity down to 50 eV$_{\text{ee}}$. We fit to the energy and depth distributions of the observed ionization events to differentiate and constrain possible background sources, for example, bulk $^{3}$H from silicon cosmogenic activation and surface $^{210}$Pb from radon plate-out. We observe the bulk background rate of the DAMIC at SNOLAB CCDs to be as low as $3.1 \pm 0.6$ counts kg$^{-1}$ day$^{-1}$ keV$_{\text{ee}}^{-1}$, making it the most sensitive silicon dark matter detector. Finally, we discuss the properties of a statistically significant excess of events over the background model with energies below 200 eV$_{\text{ee}}$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

EXCESS workshop: Descriptions of rising low-energy spectra

Many low-threshold experiments observe sharply rising event rates of yet unknown origins below a few hundred eV, and larger than expected from known backgrounds. Due to the significant impact of this excess on the dark matter or neutrino sensitivity of these experiments, a collective effort has been started to share the knowledge about the individual observations. For this, the EXCESS Workshop was initiated. In its first iteration in June 2021, ten rare event search collaborations contributed to this initiative via talks and discussions. The contributing collaborations were CONNIE, CRESST, DAMIC, EDELWEISS, MINER, NEWS-G, NUCLEUS, RICOCHET, SENSEI and SuperCDMS. They presented data about their observed energy spectra and known backgrounds together with details about the respective measurements. In this paper, we summarize the presented information and give a comprehensive overview of the similarities and differences between the distinct measurements. The provided data is furthermore publicly available on the workshop's data repository together with a plotting tool for visualization.

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2021

Measurement of the bulk radioactive contamination of detector-grade silicon with DAMIC at SNOLAB

We present measurements of bulk radiocontaminants in the high-resistivity silicon CCDs from the DAMIC at SNOLAB experiment. We utilize the exquisite spatial resolution of CCDs to discriminate between $α$ and $β$ decays, and to search with high efficiency for the spatially-correlated decays of various radioisotope sequences. Using spatially-correlated $β$ decays, we measure a bulk radioactive contamination of $^{32}$Si in the CCDs of $140 \pm 30$ $μ$Bq/kg, and place an upper limit on bulk $^{210}$Pb of $< 160~μ$Bq/kg. Using similar analyses of spatially-correlated bulk $α$ decays, we set limits of $< 11$ $μ$Bq/kg (0.9 ppt) on $^{238}$U and of $< 7.3$ $μ$Bq/kg (1.8 ppt) on $^{232}$Th. The ability of DAMIC CCDs to identify and reject spatially-coincident backgrounds, particularly from $^{32}$Si, has significant implications for the next generation of silicon-based dark matter experiments, where $β$'s from $^{32}$Si decay will likely be a dominant background. This capability demonstrates the readiness of the CCD technology to achieve kg-scale dark matter sensitivity.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2020

Results on Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles from an 11 kg-day Target Exposure of DAMIC at SNOLAB

We present constraints on the existence of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) from an 11 kg-day target exposure of the DAMIC experiment at the SNOLAB underground laboratory. The observed energy spectrum and spatial distribution of ionization events with electron-equivalent energies $>$200 eV$_{\rm ee}$ in the DAMIC CCDs are consistent with backgrounds from natural radioactivity. An excess of ionization events is observed above the analysis threshold of 50 eV$_{\rm ee}$. While the origin of this low-energy excess requires further investigation, our data exclude spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross sections $σ_{χ-n}$ as low as $3\times 10^{-41}$ cm$^2$ for WIMPs with masses $m_χ$ from 7 to 10 GeV$c^{-2}$ . These results are the strongest constraints from a silicon target on the existence of WIMPs with $m_χ$$<$9 GeV$c^{-2}$ and are directly relevant to any dark matter interpretation of the excess of nuclear-recoil events observed by the CDMS silicon experiment in 2013.

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2020

Differences in the response of two light guide technologies and two readout technologies after an exchange of liquid argon in the dewar

In this investigation the response to the scintillation light generated by through-going cosmic muons in liquid argon (LAr) was measured by two light guide technologies and two readout technologies after five weeks of running in the TallBo dewar at Fermilab. The response was remeasured after the dewar was drained of LAr, refilled, and then run again for an additional four weeks. After the dewar was refilled, there was clear evidence that the scintillation signal had dropped significantly. The two light guide technologies were developed at Indiana University and MIT/Fermilab. The two readout technologies were boards that passively or actively ganged 12 Hamamatsu MPPCs. Two possible explanations were identified for the degraded signal: the response of the two light guide technologies degraded due to damage caused by thermal cycling, and/or unknown differences in the trace residual Xe contamination in the fills of LAr led to the observed drop in scintillation light. Neither absorption nor quenching by N2, O2, and H2O contamination can account for the degradation. Neither the individual Hamamatsu MPPCs nor the passive/active ganging boards appear to have been affected by the thermal cycling. The path length distributions of the cosmics traversing the dewar appear quite similar in both event samples.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2020

Constraints on Light Dark Matter Particles Interacting with Electrons from DAMIC at SNOLAB

We report direct-detection constraints on light dark matter particles interacting with electrons. The results are based on a method that exploits the extremely low levels of leakage current of the DAMIC detector at SNOLAB of 2-6$\times$10$^{-22}$ A cm$^{-2}$. We evaluate the charge distribution of pixels that collect $<10~\rm{e^-}$ for contributions beyond the leakage current that may be attributed to dark matter interactions. Constraints are placed on so-far unexplored parameter space for dark matter masses between 0.6 and 100 MeV$c^{-2}$. We also present new constraints on hidden-photon dark matter with masses in the range $1.2$-$30$ eV$c^{-2}$.

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2018

Increasing the efficiency of photon collection in LArTPCs: the ARAPUCA light trap

The Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LArTPCs) are a choice for the next generation of large neutrino detectors due to their optimal performance in particle tracking and calorimetry. The detection of Argon scintillation light plays a crucial role in the event reconstruction as well as the time reference for non-beam physics such as supernovae neutrino detection and baryon number violation studies. In this contribution, we present the current R&D work on the ARAPUCA (Argon R&D Advanced Program at UNICAMP), a light trap device to enhance Ar scintillation light collection and thus the overall performance of LArTPCs. The ARAPUCA working principle is based on a suitable combination of dichroic filters and wavelength shifters to achieve a high efficiency in light collection. We discuss the operational principles, the last results of laboratory tests and the application of the ARAPUCA as the alternative photon detection system in the protoDUNE detector.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2017

A measurement of the ionization efficiency of nuclear recoils in silicon

We have measured the ionization efficiency of silicon nuclear recoils with kinetic energy between 1.8 and 20 keV. We bombarded a silicon-drift diode with a neutron beam to perform an elastic-scattering experiment. A broad-energy neutron spectrum was used and the nuclear recoil energy was reconstructed using a measurement of the time of flight and scattering angle of the scattered neutron. The overall trend of the results of this work is well described by the theory of Lindhard et al. above 4 keV of recoil energy. Below this energy, the presented data shows a deviation from the model. The data indicates a faster drop than the theory prediction at low energies.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2017

First Direct-Detection Constraints on eV-Scale Hidden-Photon Dark Matter with DAMIC at SNOLAB

We present direct detection constraints on the absorption of hidden-photon dark matter with particle masses in the range 1.2-30 eV$c^{-2}$ with the DAMIC experiment at SNOLAB. Under the assumption that the local dark matter is entirely constituted of hidden photons, the sensitivity to the kinetic mixing parameter $κ$ is competitive with constraints from solar emission, reaching a minimum value of 2.2$\times$$10^{-14}$ at 17 eV$c^{-2}$. These results are the most stringent direct detection constraints on hidden-photon dark matter in the galactic halo with masses 3-12 eV$c^{-2}$ and the first demonstration of direct experimental sensitivity to ionization signals $<$12 eV from dark matter interactions.

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2016

Search for low-mass WIMPs in a 0.6 kg day exposure of the DAMIC experiment at SNOLAB

We present results of a dark matter search performed with a 0.6 kg day exposure of the DAMIC experiment at the SNOLAB underground laboratory. We measure the energy spectrum of ionization events in the bulk silicon of charge-coupled devices down to a signal of 60 eV electron equivalent. The data are consistent with radiogenic backgrounds, and constraints on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic-scattering cross section are accordingly placed. A region of parameter space relevant to the potential signal from the CDMS-II Si experiment is excluded using the same target for the first time. This result obtained with a limited exposure demonstrates the potential to explore the low-mass WIMP region (<10 GeV/$c^{2}$) of the upcoming DAMIC100, a 100 g detector currently being installed in SNOLAB.

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2016

The CONNIE experiment

The CONNIE experiment uses fully depleted, high resistivity CCDs as particle detectors in an attempt to measure for the first time the Coherent Neutrino-Nucleus Elastic Scattering of antineutrinos from a nuclear reactor with silicon nuclei.This talk, given at the XV Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields (MWPF), discussed the potential of CONNIE to perform this measurement, the installation progress at the Angra dos Reis nuclear power plant, as well as the plans for future upgrades.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2016

Results of the engineering run of the Coherent Neutrino Nucleus Interaction Experiment (CONNIE)

The CONNIE detector prototype is operating at a distance of 30 m from the core of a 3.8 GW$_{\rm th}$ nuclear reactor with the goal of establishing Charge-Coupled Devices (CCD) as a new technology for the detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. We report on the results of the engineering run with an active mass of 4 g of silicon. The CCD array is described, and the performance observed during the first year is discussed. A compact passive shield was deployed for the detector, producing an order of magnitude reduction in the background rate. The remaining background observed during the run was stable, and dominated by internal contamination in the detector packaging materials. The {\it in-situ} calibration of the detector using X-ray lines from fluorescence demonstrates good stability of the readout system. The event rates with the reactor on and off are compared, and no excess is observed coming from nuclear fission at the power plant. The upper limit for the neutrino event rate is set two orders of magnitude above the expectations for the standard model. The results demonstrate the cryogenic CCD-based detector can be remotely operated at the reactor site with stable noise below 2 e$^-$ RMS and stable background rates. The success of the engineering test provides a clear path for the upgraded 100 g detector to be deployed during 2016.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2015

Status of the DAMIC direct dark matter search experiment

The DAMIC experiment uses fully depleted, high resistivity CCDs to search for dark matter particles. With an energy threshold $\sim$50 eV$_{ee}$, and excellent energy and spatial resolutions, the DAMIC CCDs are well-suited to identify and suppress radioactive backgrounds, having an unrivaled sensitivity to WIMPs with masses $<$6 GeV/$c^2$. Early results motivated the construction of a 100 g detector, DAMIC100, currently being installed at SNOLAB. This contribution discusses the installation progress, new calibration efforts near the threshold, a preliminary result with 2014 data, and the prospects for physics results after one year of data taking.

physics.ins-det↗