arXiv subjects

G. De Risi

Publications and source records attributed to G. De Risi.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2015

Nanoscale displacement sensing based on nonlinear frequency mixing in quantum cascade lasers

We demonstrate a sensor scheme for nanoscale target displacement that relies on a single Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL) subject to optical feedback. The system combines the inherent sensitivity of QCLs to optical re-injection and their ultra-stability in the strong feedback regime where nonlinear frequency mixing phenomena are enhanced. An experimental proof of principle in the micrometer wavelength scale is provided. We perform real-time measurements of displacement with λ/100 resolution by inserting a fast-shifting reference etalon in the external cavity. The resulting signal dynamics at the QCL terminals shows a stroboscopic-like effect that relates the sensor resolution with the reference etalon speed. Intrinsic limits to the measurement algorithm and to the reference speed are discussed, disclosing that nanoscale ranges are attainable.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2011

Cosmological backreaction of heavy string states

We propose a mechanism to have a smooth transition from a pre-Big Bang phase to a standard cosmological phase. Such transition is driven by gravitational production of heavy massive string states that backreact on the geometry to stop the growth of the curvature. Close to the string scale, particle creation can become effective because the string phase space compensate the exponential suppression of the particle production. Numerical solutions for the evolution of the Universe with this source are presented.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2011

Induced cosmology on a codimension-2 brane in a conical bulk

We study the cosmology of a 5-dimensional brane, which represents a regularization of a 4-dimensional codimension-2 brane, embedded in a conical bulk. The brane is assumed to be tensional, and to contain a curvature term. Cosmology is obtained by letting the brane move trough the bulk, and implementing dynamical junction conditions. Our results shows that, with suitable choices of the parameters, the resulting cosmological dynamics mimics fairly well standard 4-dimensional cosmology.

hep-th↗

arXiv2008

Non-singular Brane cosmology with a Kalb-Ramond field

We present a model in which a 3-brane is embedded in a warped 5-dimensional background with a dilaton and a Kalb-Ramond 2-form. We show that it is possible to find static solutions of the form of charged dS/AdS-like black hole which could have a negative mass parameter. The motion of the 3-brane in this bulk generates an effective 4-dimensional bouncing cosmology induced by the negative dark radiation term. This model avoids the instabilities that arises for previous non-singular braneworld cosmologies in a Reissner-Nordstrøm-AdS bulk.}

hep-th↗

arXiv2008

Bouncing cosmology from Kalb-Ramond Braneworld

We consider a 3-brane embedded in a warped 5-dimensional background with a dilaton and a Kalb-Ramond 2-form. We show that it is possible to find static solutions of the form of charged dS/AdS-like black hole with horizon which could have a negative mass parameter. The motion of the 3-brane in this bulk generates an effective 4-dimensional bouncing cosmology induced by the negative dark radiation term. This model avoids the instability that arises for bouncing brane in a Reissner-Nordstrøm-AdS bulk.

hep-th↗

arXiv2006

Massless and massive graviton spectra in anisotropic dilatonic braneworld cosmologies

We consider a braneworld model in which an anisotropic brane is embedded in a dilatonic background. We solve the background solutions and study the behavior of the perturbations when the universe evolves from an inflationary Kasner phase to a Minkowski phase. We calculate the massless mode spectrum, and find that it does not differ from what expected in standard four-dimensional cosmological models. We then evaluate the spectrum of both light (ultrarelativistic) and heavy (nonrelativistic) massive modes, and find that, at high energies, there can be a strong enhancement of the Kaluza-Klein spectral amplitude, which can become dominant in the total spectrum. The presence of the dilaton, on the contrary, decrease the relative importance of the massive modes.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2005

Relic gravitons on Kasner branes

We present a simple model in which a brane with anisotropic metric is embedded in an AdS bulk. We discuss the localization of the massless mode and the amplification of both the massless and the massive modes on the branes, paying particular attention to the normalization of the perturbed action and to the evaluation of the effective coupling constant that controls the amplitude of the spectrum. In the model under investigation there is no mass gap between massless and massive modes, and the massive modes can be amplified, with mass-dependent amplitudes.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2005

Relic gravitons on Kasner-like branes

We discuss the cosmological amplification of tensor perturbations in a simple example of brane-world scenario, in which massless gravitons are localized on a higher-dimensional Kasner-like brane embedded in a bulk AdS background. Particular attention is paid to the canonical normalization of the quadratic action describing the massless and massive vacuum quantum fluctuations, and to the exact mass-dependence of the amplitude of massive fluctuations on the brane. The perturbation equations can be separated. In contrast to de Sitter models of brane inflation, we find no mass gap in the spectrum and no enhancement for massless modes at high curvature. The massive modes can be amplified, with mass-dependent amplitudes, even during inflation and in the absence of any mode-mixing effect.

hep-th↗

arXiv2004

DLCQ String Spectrum from ${\cal N}=2$ SYM Theory

We study non planar corrections to the spectrum of operators in the ${\mathcal N}=2$ supersymmetric Yang Mills theory which are dual to string states in the maximally supersymmetric pp-wave background with a {\em compact} light-cone direction. The existence of a positive definite discrete light-cone momentum greatly simplifies the operator mixing problem. We give some examples where the contribution of all orders in non-planar diagrams can be found analytically. On the string theory side this corresponds to finding the spectrum of a string state to all orders in string loop corrections.

hep-th↗

arXiv2002

Space/Time Noncommutativity in String Theories without Background Electric Field

The appearance of space/time non-commutativity in theories of open strings with a constant non-diagonal background metric is considered. We show that, even if the space-time coordinates commute, when there is a metric with a time-space component, no electric field and the boundary condition along the spatial direction is Dirichlet, a Moyal phase still arises in products of vertex operators. The theory is in fact dual to the non-commutatitive open string (NCOS) theory. The correct definition of the vertex operators for this theory is provided. We study the system also in the presence of a $B$ field. We consider the case in which the Dirichlet spatial direction is compactified and analyze the effect of these background on the closed string spectrum. We then heat up the system. We find that the Hagedorn temperature depends in a non-extensive way on the parameters of the background and it is the same for the closed and the open string sectors.

hep-th↗

arXiv2001

Low-energy graceful exit in anisotropic string cosmology backgrounds

We discuss the possibility of a smooth transition from the pre- to the post-big bang regime, in the context of the lowest-order string effective action (without higher-derivative corrections), taking into account with a phenomenological model of source the repulsive gravitational effects due to the back-reaction of the quantum fluctuations outside the horizon. We determine a set of necessary conditions for a successful and realistic transition, and we find that such conditions can be satisfied (by an appropriate model of source), provided the background is higher-dimensional and anisotropic.

hep-th↗

arXiv2001

A diagrammatic approach to the spectrum of cosmological perturbations

We compute the spectral distribution of the quantum fluctuations of the vacuum, amplified by inflation, after an arbitrary number of background transitions. Using a graphic representation of the process we find that the final spectrum can be completely determined trough a synthetic set of working rules, and a list of simple algebraic computations.

gr-qc↗