arXiv subjects

G. de Loubens

Publications and source records attributed to G. de Loubens.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2010

Dynamics of two coupled vortices in a spin valve nanopillar excited by spin transfer torque

We investigate the dynamics of two coupled vortices driven by spin transfer. We are able to independently control with current and perpendicular field, and to detect, the respective chiralities and polarities of the two vortices. For current densities above $J=5.7*10^7 A/cm^2$, a highly coherent signal (linewidth down to 46 kHz) can be observed, with a strong dependence on the relative polarities of the vortices. It demonstrates the interest of using coupled dynamics in order to increase the coherence of the microwave signal. Emissions exhibit a linear frequency evolution with perpendicular field, with coherence conserved even at zero magnetic field.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2009

Spin-torque driven ferromagnetic resonance in a nonlinear regime

Spin-valve based nanojunctions incorporating Co|Ni multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy were used to study spin-torque driven ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) in a nonlinear regime. Perpendicular field swept resonance lines were measured under a large amplitude microwave current excitation, which produces a large angle precession of the Co|Ni layer magnetization. With increasing rf power the resonance lines broaden and become asymmetric, with their peak shifting to lower applied field. A nonhysteretic step jump in ST-FMR voltage signal was also observed at high powers. The results are analyzed in in terms of the foldover effect of a forced nonlinear oscillator and compared to macrospin simulations. The ST-FMR nonhysteretic step response may have applications in frequency and amplitude tunable nanoscale field sensors.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2008

Magnetization relaxation in the single molecule magnet Ni$_4$ under continuous microwave irradiation

Spin relaxation between the two lowest-lying spin-states has been studied in the S=4 single molecule magnet Ni$_4$ under steady state conditions of low amplitude and continuous microwave irradiation. The relaxation rate was determined as a function of temperature at two frequencies, 10 and 27.8 GHz, by simultaneously measuring the magnetization and the absorbed microwave power. A strong temperature dependence is observed below 1.5 K, which is not consistent with a direct single-spin-phonon relaxation process. The data instead suggest that the spin relaxation is dominated by a phonon bottleneck at low temperatures and occurs by an Orbach mechanism involving excited spin-levels at higher temperatures. Experimental results are compared with detailed calculations of the relaxation rate using the universal density matrix equation.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2008

On-chip Integration of High-Frequency Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Hall-Effect Magnetometry

A sensor that integrates high sensitivity micro-Hall effect magnetometry and high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy capabilities on a single semiconductor chip is presented. The Hall-effect magnetometer was fabricated from a two dimensional electron gas GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure in the form of a cross, with a 50x50 um2 sensing area. A high-frequency microstrip resonator is coupled with two small gaps to a transmission line with a 50 Ohms impedance. Different resonator lengths are used to obtain quasi-TEM fundamental resonant modes in the frequency range 10-30 GHz. The resonator is positioned on top of the active area of the Hall-effect magnetometer, where the magnetic field of the fundamental mode is largest, thus optimizing the conversion of microwave power into magnetic field at the sample position. The two gaps coupling the resonator and transmission lines are engineered differently. The gap to the microwave source is designed to optimize the loaded quality factor of the resonator (Q = 150) while the gap for the transmitted signal is larger. This latter gap minimizes losses and prevents distortion of the resonance while enabling measurement of the transmitted signal. The large filling factor of the resonator permits sensitivities comparable to that of high-quality factor resonant cavities. The integrated sensor enables measurement of the magnetization response of micron scale samples upon application of microwave fields. In particular, the combined measurement of the magnetization change and the microwave power under cw microwave irradiation of single crystal of molecular magnets is used to determine of the energy relaxation time of the molecular spin states. In addition, real time measurements of the magnetization dynamics upon application of fast microwave pulses are demonstrated

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2008

Finite size effects on spin-torque driven ferromagnetic resonance in spin-valves with a Co/Ni synthetic free layer

Spin-torque driven ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) is used to study magnetic excitations in Co/Ni synthetic layers confined in nanojunctions. Field swept ST-FMR measurements were conducted with a magnetic field applied perpendicular to the layer surface. The resonance lines were measured under low amplitude excitation in a linear response regime. The resulting resonance fields were compared with those obtained using conventional rf field driven FMR on extended films with the same Co/Ni layer structure. A lower resonance field is found in confined structures. The effect of both dipolar fields acting on the Co/Ni layer emanating from other magnetic layers in the device and finite size effects on the spin wave spectrum are discussed.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2008

Spin-torque driven ferromagnetic resonance of Co/Ni synthetic layers in spin valves

Spin-torque driven ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) is used to study thin Co/Ni synthetic layers with perpendicular anisotropy confined in spin-valve based nanojunctions. Field swept ST-FMR measurements were conducted with a magnetic field applied perpendicular to the layer surface. The resonance lines were measured under low amplitude rf excitation, from 1 to 20 GHz. These results are compared with those obtained using conventional rf field driven FMR on extended films with the same Co/Ni layer structure. The layers confined in spin valves have a lower resonance field, a narrower resonance linewidth and approximately the same linewidth vs frequency slope, implying the same damping parameter. The critical current for magnetic excitations is determined from measurements of the resonance linewidth vs dc current and is in accord with the one determined from I-V measurements.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2007

High frequency EPR on dilute solutions of the single molecule magnet Ni$_4$

Dilute frozen solutions of the single molecule magnet Ni$_4$ (S=4) have been studied using high frequency D-band (130 GHz) EPR. Despite the random orientation of the molecules, well defined EPR absorption peaks are observed, due to the strong variation of the splittings between the different spin-states on magnetic field. Temperature dependent studies above 4 K and comparison with simulations enable identification of the spin transitions and determination of the Hamiltonian parameters. The latter are found to be close to those of Ni$_4$ single crystals. No echo was detected from Ni$_4$ in pulsed experiments, which sets an upper bound of about 50 ns on the spin coherence time.

cond-mat.other↗

arXiv2006

Magnetization and EPR studies of the single molecule magnet Ni$_4$ with integrated sensors

Integrated magnetic sensors that allow simultaneous EPR and magnetization measurements have been developed to study single molecule magnets. A high frequency microstrip resonator has been integrated with a micro-Hall effect magnetometer. EPR spectroscopy is used to determine the energy splitting between the low lying spin-states of a Ni$_4$ single crystal, with an S=4 ground state, as a function of applied fields, both longitudinal and transverse to the easy axis at 0.4 K. Concurrent magnetization measurements show changes in spin-population associated with microwave absorption. Such studies enable determination of the energy relaxation time of the spin system.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2004

Magnetization reduction induced by nonlinear effects

This letter reports the first detailed measurement of $M_z$, the component parallel to the effective field direction, when ferromagnets are excited by microwave fields at high power levels. It is found that $M_z$ drops dramatically at the saturation of the main resonance. Simultaneous measurements of $M_z$ and absorption power show that this drop corresponds to a diminution of the spin-lattice relaxation rate. These changes are interpreted as reflecting the properties of longitudinal spinwaves excited above Suhl's instability. Similar behavior should be expected in spinwave emission by currents.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗