arXiv subjects

Gabriela Flores-Cova

Publications and source records attributed to Gabriela Flores-Cova.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Constant sensitivity birefringence metrology using vector vortex beams

Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) microscopy and chiral analysis are two imaging techniques that measure the birefringence, i.e., the phase difference introduced by a sample on two orthogonal polarizations. Conventional approaches employ Gaussian beams and infer birefringence from polarization changes, resulting in phase-estimation sensitivities that depend on the unknown phase. We demonstrate here a new type of birefringence detector. It makes use of a vector vortex beam, a type of structured light endowed with optical modes that carry opposite orbital angular momentum (OAM). Using quantum estimation theory tools, we demonstrate that the sensitivity of phase estimation is independent of the value of the unknown phase, and can be even better, in principle, than the conventional approach. We experimentally validate the proposed scheme, demonstrating the potential of structured light for robust and uniform birefringence sensing.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2025

A curvilinear framework for vector light fields

Vector beams are often regarded as non-separable superpositions of spatial and polarization degrees of freedom that satisfy the wave equation. This interpretation ties their polarization structure to their spatial shape. Here, we introduce a generalized method to construct vector beams whose structure is entirely encoded in the polarization degree of freedom. Using conformal maps, we construct orthonormal polarization bases from the geometry of the coordinates and encode them experimentally via phase-only spatial light modulators. We apply our method to four systems, elliptical, parabolic, bipolar, and dipole, that represent algebraic and transcendental families of conformal maps. Stokes polarimetry measurements confirm agreement with theoretical predictions.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2024

Experimental realization of vortex and vectorial vortex Pearcey-Gauss Beams

In this manuscript, we put forward two new types of structured light beams, the vortex Pearcey-Gauss (VPeG) beam, with a homogeneous polarisation distribution, and the vector vortex Pearcey-Gauss (VVPeG) beam, with a non-homogeneous polarisation distribution. The later generated as a non-separable superposition of the spatial and polarisation degrees of freedom. We also achieve their experimental realization through the combination of a spatial light modulator, which creates a scalar Pearcey-Gauss beam, and a q-plate which transforms it into a vortex or a vortex vector beam, depending on its input polarisation state. Their intensity and polarisation distribution was performed through Stokes polarimetry, along the propagation direction, which was compared with numerical simulations. As demonstrated, the VVPeG beam evolves from a pure vector beam into a vector mode of quasi-homogeneous polarisation distribution. The proposed vector beams add to the already extensive family of non-separable states of light. We anticipate that both types of beams will find applications in fields as diverse as optical metrology, optical communications, and optical tweezers, amongst others.

physics.optics↗