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Gadi Fibich

Publications and source records attributed to Gadi Fibich.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
arXiv2016

Bass-SIR model for diffusion of new products

We consider the diffusion of new products in social networks, where consumers who adopt the product can later "recover" and stop influencing others to adopt the product. We show that the diffusion is not described by the SIR model, but rather by a novel model, the Bass-SIR model, which combines the Bass model for diffusion of new products with the SIR model for epidemics. The phase transition of consumers from non-adopters to adopters is described by a non-standard Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami model, in which clusters growth is limited by adopters' recovery. Therefore, diffusion in the Bass-SIR model only depends on the local structure of the social network, but not on the average distance between consumers. Consequently, unlike the SIR model, a small-worlds structure has a negligible effect on the diffusion. Surprisingly, diffusion on scale-free networks is nearly identical to that on Cartesian ones.

physics.soc-ph↗
arXiv2015

Positive and necklace solitary waves on bounded domains

We present new solitarywave solutions of the two-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equation on bounded domains (such as rectangles, circles, and annuli). These multipeak necklace solitary waves consist of several identical positive profiles (pearls), such that adjacent pearls have opposite signs. They are stable at low powers, but become unstable at powers well below the critical power for collapse Pcr. This is in contrast with the ground-state (single-pearl) solitary waves on bounded domains, which are stable at any power below Pcr. On annular domains, the ground state solitary waves are radial at low powers, but undergo a symmetry breaking at a threshold power well below Pcr. As in the case of convex bounded domains, necklace solitary waves on the annulus are stable at low powers and become unstable at powers well below Pcr. Unlike on convex bounded domains, however, necklace solitarywaves on the annulus have a second stability regime at powers well above Pcr. For example, when the ratio of the inner to outer radii is 1:2, four-pearl necklaces are stable when their power is between 3.1Pcr and 3.7Pcr. This finding opens the possibility to propagate localized laser beams with substantiallymore power than was possible until now. The instability of necklace solitary waves is excited by perturbations that break the antisymmetry between adjacent pearls, and is manifested by power transfer between pearls. In particular, necklace instability is unrelated to collapse. In order to compute numerically the profile of necklace solitary waves on bounded domains, we introduce a non-spectral variant of Petviashvilis renormalization method.

nlin.PS↗
arXiv2012

The averaging principle

Typically, models with a heterogeneous property are considerably harder to analyze than the corresponding homogeneous models, in which the heterogeneous property is replaced with its average value. In this study we show that any outcome of a heterogeneous model that satisfies the two properties of \emph{differentiability} and \emph{interchangibility}, is $O(ε^2)$ equivalent to the outcome of the corresponding homogeneous model, where $ε$ is the level of heterogeneity. We then use this \emph{averaging principle} to obtain new results in queueing theory, game theory (auctions), and social networks (marketing).

math.PR↗
arXiv2012

On the Averaging Principle

Typically, models with a heterogeneous property are considerably harder to analyze than the corresponding homogeneous models, in which the heterogeneous property is replaced with its average value. In this study we show that any outcome of a heterogeneous model that satisfies the two properties of differentiability and interchangibility is O(ε^2) equivalent to the outcome of the corresponding homogeneous model, where εis the level of heterogeneity. We then use this averaging principle to obtain new results in queueing theory, game theory (auctions), and social networks (marketing).

math.CA↗
arXiv2011

Singular solutions of the subcritical nonlinear Schrodinger equation

We show that the subcritical $d$-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation $i ψ_t + Δψ+ |ψ|^{2 σ} ψ= 0$, where $1<σd<2$, admits smooth solutions that become singular in~$L^p$ for $p^*<p \le \infty$, where $p^*:=\frac{σd}{σd -1}$. Since $\lim_{σd \to 2-} p^* = 2$, these solutions can collapse at any $2<p \le \infty$, and in particular for $p = 2 σ+2$.

math.AP↗
arXiv2010

Ring-type singular solutions of the biharmonic nonlinear Schrodinger equation

We present new singular solutions of the biharmonic nonlinear Schrodinger equation in dimension d and nonlinearity exponent 2σ+1. These solutions collapse with the quasi self-similar ring profile, with ring width L(t) that vanishes at singularity, and radius proportional to L^α, where α=(4-σ)/(σ(d-1)). The blowup rate of these solutions is 1/(3+α) for 4/d\leσ<4, and slightly faster than 1/4 for σ=4. These solutions are analogous to the ring-type solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation.

math.AP↗
arXiv2009

Singular standing-ring solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations

We present a general framework for constructing singular solutions of nonlinear evolution equations that become singular on a d-dimensional sphere, where d>1. The asymptotic profile and blowup rate of these solutions are the same as those of solutions of the corresponding one-dimensional equation that become singular at a point. We provide a detailed numerical investigation of these new singular solutions for the following equations: The nonlinear Schrodinger equation, the biharmonic nonlinear Schrodinger equation, the nonlinear heat equation and the nonlinear biharmonic heat equation.

math.AP↗
arXiv2009

A High-Order Numerical Method for the Nonlinear Helmholtz Equation in Multidimensional Layered Media

We present a novel computational methodology for solving the scalar nonlinear Helmholtz equation (NLH) that governs the propagation of laser light in Kerr dielectrics. The methodology addresses two well-known challenges in nonlinear optics: Singular behavior of solutions when the scattering in the medium is assumed predominantly forward (paraxial regime), and the presence of discontinuities in the % linear and nonlinear optical properties of the medium. Specifically, we consider a slab of nonlinear material which may be grated in the direction of propagation and which is immersed in a linear medium as a whole. The key components of the methodology are a semi-compact high-order finite-difference scheme that maintains accuracy across the discontinuities and enables sub-wavelength resolution on large domains at a tolerable cost, a nonlocal two-way artificial boundary condition (ABC) that simultaneously facilitates the reflectionless propagation of the outgoing waves and forward propagation of the given incoming waves, and a nonlinear solver based on Newton's method. The proposed methodology combines and substantially extends the capabilities of our previous techniques built for 1Dand for multi-D. It facilitates a direct numerical study of nonparaxial propagation and goes well beyond the approaches in the literature based on the "augmented" paraxial models. In particular, it provides the first ever evidence that the singularity of the solution indeed disappears in the scalar NLH model that includes the nonparaxial effects. It also enables simulation of the wavelength-width spatial solitons, as well as of the counter-propagating solitons.

math-ph↗
arXiv2008

Simulations of the Nonlinear Helmholtz Equation: Arrest of Beam Collapse, Nonparaxial Solitons, and Counter-Propagating Beams

We solve the (2+1)D nonlinear Helmholtz equation (NLH) for input beams that collapse in the simpler NLS model. Thereby, we provide the first ever numerical evidence that nonparaxiality and backscattering can arrest the collapse. We also solve the (1+1)D NLH and show that solitons with radius of only half the wavelength can propagate over forty diffraction lengths with no distortions. In both cases we calculate the backscattered field, which has not been done previously. Finally, we compute the dynamics of counter-propagating solitons using the NLH model, which is more comprehensive than the previously used coupled NLS model.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2008

Critical power of collapsing vortices

We calculate the critical power for collapse of linearly-polarized phase vortices, and show that this expression is more accurate than previous results. Unlike the non-vortex case, deviations from radial symmetry do not increase the critical power for collapse, but rather lead to disintegration into collapsing non-vortex filaments. The cases of circular, radial and azimuthal polarizations are also considered.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2007

Instability of bound states of a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a Dirac potential

We study analytically and numerically the stability of the standing waves for a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a point defect and a power type nonlinearity. A main difficulty is to compute the number of negative eigenvalues of the linearized operator around the standing waves, and it is overcome by a perturbation method and continuation arguments. Among others, in the case of a repulsive defect, we show that the standing wave solution is stable in $\hurad$ and unstable in $\hu$ under subcritical nonlinearity. Further we investigate the nature of instability: under critical or supercritical nonlinear interaction, we prove the instability by blowup in the repulsive case by showing a virial theorem and using a minimization method involving two constraints. In the subcritical radial case, unstable bound states cannot collapse, but rather narrow down until they reach the stable regime (a {\em finite-width instability}). In the non-radial repulsive case, all bound states are unstable, and the instability is manifested by a lateral drift away from the defect, sometimes in combination with a finite-width instability or a blowup instability.

nlin.PS↗
arXiv2007

High-order numerical method for the nonlinear Helmholtz equation with material discontinuities in one space dimension

The nonlinear Helmholtz equation (NLH) models the propagation of electromagnetic waves in Kerr media, and describes a range of important phenomena in nonlinear optics and in other areas. In our previous work, we developed a fourth order method for its numerical solution that involved an iterative solver based on freezing the nonlinearity. The method enabled a direct simulation of nonlinear self-focusing in the nonparaxial regime, and a quantitative prediction of backscattering. However, our simulations showed that there is a threshold value for the magnitude of the nonlinearity, above which the iterations diverge. In this study, we numerically solve the one-dimensional NLH using a Newton-type nonlinear solver. Because the Kerr nonlinearity contains absolute values of the field, the NLH has to be recast as a system of two real equations in order to apply Newton's method. Our numerical simulations show that Newton's method converges rapidly and, in contradistinction with the iterations based on freezing the nonlinearity, enables computations for very high levels of nonlinearity. In addition, we introduce a novel compact finite-volume fourth order discretization for the NLH with material discontinuities.The one-dimensional results of the current paper create a foundation for the analysis of multi-dimensional problems in the future.

math-ph↗
arXiv2003

Multiple filamentation induced by input-beam ellipticity

The standard explanation for multiple filamentation (MF) of intense laser beams has been that it is initiated by input beam noise (modulational instability). In this study we provide the first experimental evidence that MF can also be induced by input beam ellipticity. Unlike noise-induced beam breakup, the MF pattern induced by ellipticity is reproducible shot to shot. Moreover, our experiments show that ellipticity can dominate the effect of noise, thus providing the first experimental methodology for controlling the MF pattern of noisy beams. The results are explained using a theoretical model and simulations.

nlin.PS↗