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Georg Kreyerhoff

Publications and source records attributed to Georg Kreyerhoff.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2008

Uses of a small field value which falls from a metastable maximum over cosmological times

We consider a small, metastable maximum vacuum expectation value $b_0$ of order of a few eV, for a pseudoscalar Goldstone-like field, which is related to the scalar inflaton field $ϕ$ in an idealized model of a cosmological, spontaneously-broken chiral symmetry. The b field allows for relating semi-quantitatively three distinct quantities in a cosmological context. (1) A very small, residual vacuum energy density or effective cosmological constant of ~ lambda b_0^4 ~ 2.7 x 10^{-47}GeV^4, for lambda ~ 3 x 10^{-14}, the same as an empirical inflaton self-coupling. (2) A tiny neutrino mass, less then b_0. (3) A possible small variation downward of the proton to electron mass ratio over cosmological time. The latter arises from the motion downward of the $b$ field over cosmological time, toward a nonzero limiting value as $t \to \infty$. Such behavior is consistent with an equation of motion. We argue that hypothetical b quanta, potentially inducing new long-range forces, are absent, because of negative, effective squared mass in an equation of motion for $b$-field fluctuations.

astro-ph↗
arXiv2006

An asymptotic decrease of (m_p/m_e) with cosmological time, from a decreasing, small effective vacuum expectation value moving from a potential maximum in the early universe

The empirical, possible small variation downward by about 10^-5, of the ratio of the proton mass to the electron mass, over a characteristic time interval estimated here to be about a billion years, is related to the decrease with time of a small, effective vacuum expectation value for a Goldstone-like pseudoscalar field which is present in the early universe, and is related to the scalar inflaton field. The same vacuum expectation value controls the magnitude of a very small, residual vacuum energy density today, which has also slowly decreased. The present time variation is estimated to be near to a definite limit, that is asymptotically approached as t->oo.

astro-ph↗
arXiv2006

A vertex-structure model for new direct CP-violating effects in Bbar^0(B^0) -> phi K_S and in B^-+ -> pi^-+ eta' (eta)

We consider effective Lagrangian models of CP-violating vertex structure in which a $b -> uW$ vertex, proportional to $s_{13}e^{-iδ_{13}}$ with $s_{13}$ very small (milliweak interaction) and $δ_{13}$ large, is dynamically generated. A consequent, enhanced CP-violating vertex for $b\to sg$ results in an enhanced CP-violating phase in the ratio of amplitudes for $\bbar \to ϕ\KS$. We estimate that this can significantly change the $S$ parameter from the value expected in the standard model.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2006

Dark-matter particles and baryons from inflation and spontaneous CP violation in the early universe

We present aspects of a model which attempts to unify the creation of cold dark matter, a CP-violating baryon asymmetry, and also a small, residual vacuum energy density, in the early universe. The model contains a primary scalar (inflaton) field and a primary pseudoscalar field, which are initially related by a cosmological, chiral symmetry. The nonzero vacuum expectation value of the pseudoscalar field spontaneously breaks CP invariance.

astro-ph↗
arXiv2005

Long-range interactions between dark-matter particles in a model with a cosmological, spontaneously-broken chiral symmetry

In a cosmological model with a chiral symmetry, there are two, dynamically-related spin-zero fields, a scalar $ϕ$ and a pseudoscalar $b$. These fields have self-interactions. Spontaneous symmetry breaking results in a very massive scalar particle with $m_ϕ\cong 5 \times 10^{11}\GeV$, and a nearly massless, (Goldstone-like) pseudoscalar particle with $0< m_b <~ 2.7\times 10^{-6}\eV$. One or both particles can be part of dark matter. There are coherent long-range interactions (at range $\sim 1/m_b \simgt 10\cm$), from exchange of a $b$ particle between a pair of $b$ particles, a pair of $ϕ$ particles, and between a $ϕ$ and a $b$. We compare the strength of potentials for the different pairs to the corresponding gravitational potentials (within the same range $\sim 1/m_b$), and show that the new force dominates between a b pair, that gravitation dominates between a $ϕ$ pair, and that the potentials are comparable for a $ϕ$-$b$ pair. The new interaction strength between a $b$ pair is comparable to the gravitational interaction between a $ϕ$ pair; its possibly greater coherent effect originates in the possibility that the number density of a very light $b$ can be greater than that of a massive $ϕ$. We consider these results in the context of recent speculations concerning possible effects of special forces between dark-matter particles on certain galactic, and inter-galactic, properties.

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arXiv2004

CP noninvariance and an effective cosmological constant: the energy density in a pseudoscalar field which arises from a cosmological, spontaneously-broken chiral symmetry

We present and discuss the properties and the main results of a cosmological model with a spontaneously-broken chiral symmetry. The model contains and relates dynamically, two spin-zero fields. The scalar field can provide the dynamical basis for inflation in the early universe. The pseudoscalar, Goldstone field can provide an early, small residual vacuum energy density, the absolute value of which we estimate to be similar to the present, empirically small vacuum energy density. The small energy scale for this effective cosmological constant is estimated separately, by relating it dynamically to the empirical, small scale of neutrino mass. CP invariance is broken spontaneously. This provides a natural basis for the early generation of an antineutrino-neutrino asymmetry, whose magnitude we estimate, and find to be significant.

astro-ph↗
arXiv2004

Direct CP Violation in B-+ -> pi-+ omega, pi-+ rho0, pi0 rho-+, and in B-bar0(B0) -> pi-+ rho+- With an Enhanced Branching Ratio for pi0 rho0

We present a novel dynamics for generating sizable CP-violating asymmetries in the decays of charged $B^\mp\to π^\mp ω, π^\mpρ^0, π^0ρ^\mp$, and in $\bar{B^0}(B^0)\toπ^\mpρ^\pm$. The dynamics for the necessary final-state interactions involves the mixing of G-parity eigenstates of the system $(\bar{D}^*D,D^*\ol{D})$ with the $G=\pm 1$ states of $πω$ and $πρ$, respectively. The dynamical effect is enhanced by the empirically large branching ratio for decays to $(\bar{D}^*D,D^*\bar{D})$. A correlated result is a markedly enhanced branching ratio for $\bar{B^0}(B^0)\toπ^0ρ^0$, which has now been observed in two experiments.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2003

The possibility of a sizable, direct CP-violating asymmetry in B^-+ -> K^-+ eta

The likelihood of a sizable, direct CP-violating asymmetry in the decays $B^\mp\to K^\mpη$, is calculated within the framework of the model which originally predicted a sizeable asymmetry in $π^\mpη(η')$. It is shown in a transparent manner that these decays are the best places for providing the first clear evidence for direct CP violation in the decays of a charged particle. These decays contain two amplitudes of comparable magnitude, with different weak-interaction phase, and with different strong-interaction phase which is explicitly calculated in a model of three coupled channels of physical hadrons.

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arXiv2003

Absolute values of three neutrino masses from atmospheric mixing and an ansatz for the mixing-matrix elements

Using data from atmospheric neutrino mixing, and a simple functional form for mixing angles, the absolute values of three neutrino masses are calculated: $m_3\cong 5.37\times 10^{-2} eV$, $m_2\cong 1.94\times 10^{-2} eV$, $m_1\cong 1.46\times 10^{-2} eV$. The quantities relevant for solar neutrino mixing are calculated: $(m_2^2-m_1^2) \cong 1.63\times 10^{-4} eV^2$, with non-maximal mixing $\tan^2θ_\sol \cong 0.56$. The analysis gives a suggestion of a dynamical origin for the empirical, large CP-violating phase associated with an intrinsically, very small mixing angle in the quark sector.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2003

A new implication for strong interactions if large, direct CP violation in Bbar^0(B^0) -> pi^+pi^- is confirmed

We show that the large, direct CP-violation parameter $A_{ππ}=-C_{ππ}$, reported by the BELLE collaboration in the decays Bbar^0(B^0) -> π^+π^-, implies an unusual situation in which the presence of a very large difference between two strong-interaction phases ~ -110 deg. plays an essential role. We make the demonstration within a model of strong, two-body quasi-elastic interactions between physical hadrons. The model can accommodate a large difference between two strong-interaction phases, for which it provides a natural enhancement.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2002

Very high-energy neutrinos from slowly decaying, massive dark matter, as a source of explosive energy for gamma-ray bursts

We consider a speculative model for gamma-ray bursts (GRB), which predicts that the total kinetic energy in the ejected matter is less than the total energy in the gamma rays. There is also secondary energy in X-rays, which are emitted contemporaneously with the gamma rays. The model suggests that bremsstrahlung and Compton up-scattering by very energetic electrons, are important processes for producing the observed burst radiation. The dynamics naturally allows for the possibility of a moderate degree of beaming of matter and radiation in some gamma-ray bursts. GRB are predicted to have an intrinsically wide distribution in total energies, in particular, on the low side. They are predicted to occur out to large red-shifts, z~8, in local regions of dense matter.

astro-ph↗
arXiv2002

Effect of possible stronger neutrino interaction at $E_{ν_μ}\sim 10^{11}$ GeV upon the extraction of $\sin^2 θ_W$ from the neutral-current cross section at NuTeV

The possibility exists that cosmic-ray neutrinos with energies of $\sim 10^{20}$ eV interact in the atmosphere with a cross section at the millibarn level, giving rise to some of the highest-energy air showers. In a specific dynamical model which can give rise to such a cross section, we show that there can be a small effect upon the extraction of the effective value of $\sin^2 θ_W$ from $ν_μ$-hadron, neutral-current cross section data at NuTeV.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2001

Stronger Neutrino Interactions at Extremely High Energies and the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment

A specific model of parity-conserving lepton substructure is considered. We show that a positive-definite contribution to the muon $(g-2)/2$ at the possible level of about $4\times 10^{-9}$, can be related to a significant increase in the interaction cross section for cosmic-ray neutrinos with energies above about $10^{19}$ eV. The additional cross section at $\sim 10^{20}$ eV is calculated to be $\sim 10^{-29}$ cm$^2$, which is about 100 times the standard weak-interaction cross section. The model involves an extremely massive, neutral lepton, with $m_L\cong 2\times 10^6$ GeV fixed by the new contribution to $(g-2)/2$.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2001

Related Power-law Growth of Particle Multiplicities near Midrapidity in Central Au+Au Collisions and in $\ol{p}(p)-p$ Collisions

A simple power-law growth of charged-particle multiplicities near midrapidity in central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=56$ and 130 GeV, recently measured at RHIC, is derived. We give predictions for the central particle densities up to $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=1800$ GeV. A strong growth of the Au+Au densities above those for $\ol{p}(p)-p$ collisions is predicted.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2000

Effects of a dynamical role for exchanged quarks and nuclear gluons in nuclei: multinucleon correlations in deep-inelastic lepton scattering

It is shown that new data from the HERMES collaboration, as well as all of the earlier improved data from experiments concerning the EMC effect and shadowing in deep-inelastic scattering of leptons from nuclei, provide strong evidence for an explicit dynamical role played by exchanged quarks and nuclear gluons in the basic, tightly-bound systems of three and four nucleons, He3 and He4. This opens the way for specific quark-gluon dynamics instigating multinucleon correlations in nuclei.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1999

The Decay of Dark-Matter Inflatons Can Produce Very Energetic Cosmic Rays

We have shown that inflatons with a mass which is calculated to be of the order of $10^{10}\GeV$ can constitute a dominant part of dark matter. They can decay uniquely into a neutrino and antineutrino with a lifetime calculated to be greater than the present age of the universe. We show here that these neutrinos can give rise to a localized bump in the primary energy spectrum of extensive air showers. The structure would appear above the sharply-falling spectrum at the expected GZK cut-off energy for primary protons $\sim 5\times 10^{19}\GeV$. The flux which is necessary to compensate for the small cross section is, in principle, attainable, with distant structures also as possible significant sources, and such events might be observed in present experiments.

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