arXiv subjects

Gianluca Piazza

Publications and source records attributed to Gianluca Piazza.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

NEMO: Neural Electro-Mechano-Optic Sensors for Multiplexed Neural Interfaces

We introduce a novel electro-optomechanic neural sensor for realizing ultra-compact neural recording probes that can detect and relay electrophysiology signals from within neural tissue. This technology addresses outstanding challenges faced by existing neural recording technologies, including the resolution trade-off with signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) due to the high impedances of small electrodes, and lingering stimulation artifacts. The sensor employs a highly miniaturized NEMS (nano-electromechanical systems) electrostatic transducer that modulates a silicon photonic microdisk resonator to convert electrical signals to an optical signal modulation. We have been able to achieve a limit of detection down to 110 microvolts, making the sensor sensitive enough to detect neural signals. This sensitive electro-optomechanic sensor directly detects electrophysiology signals and converts them to optomechanic modulation for effective transmission to outside the brain, which provides the unique potential for massive multiplexing of neural recordings. This design eliminates the need for bulky backend headstages that limit neural recording on awake free-roaming subjects. The ability of the device to record electrophysiological signals has been demonstrated using benchtop characterization and ex-vivo recordings from live neural tissue.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2019

Low-loss waveguides on Y-cut thin film lithium niobate: towards acousto-optic applications

We investigate the dependence of photonic waveguide propagation loss on the thickness of the buried oxide layer in Y-cut lithium niobate on insulator substrate to identify trade-offs between optical losses and electromechanical coupling of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices for acousto-optic applications. Simulations show that a thicker oxide layer reduces the waveguide loss but lowers the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the SAW device. Optical racetrack resonators with different lengths were fabricated by argon plasma etching to experimentally extract waveguide losses. By increasing the thickness of the oxide layer from 1 μm to 2 μm, propagation loss of 2 μm (1 μm) wide waveguide was reduced from 1.85 dB/cm (3 dB/cm) to as low as 0.37 dB/cm (0.77 dB/cm), and, resonators with quality factor greater than 1 million were demonstrated. An oxide thickness of approximately 1.5 μm is sufficient to significantly reduce propagation loss due to leakage into the substrate and simultaneously attain good electromechanical coupling in acoustic devices. This work not only provides insights on the design and realization of low-loss photonic waveguides in lithium niobate, but most importantly offers experimental evidence on how the oxide thickness directly impacts losses and guides its selection for the synthesis of high-performance acousto-optic devices in Y-cut lithium niobate on insulator.

physics.app-ph↗