arXiv subjects

Gianni Buser

Publications and source records attributed to Gianni Buser.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

Switching, Amplifying, and Chirping Diode Lasers with Current Pulses for High Bandwidth Quantum Technologies

A series of simple and low-cost devices for switching, amplifying, and chirping diode lasers based on current modulation are presented. Direct modulation of diode laser currents is rarely sufficient to establish precise amplitude and phase control over light, as its effects on these parameters are not independent. These devices overcome this limitation by exploiting amplifier saturation and dramatically outperform commonly used external modulators in key figures of merit for quantum technological applications. Semiconductor optical amplifiers operated on either rubidium D line are recast as intensity switches and shown to achieve ON:OFF ratios $>10^6$ in as little as 50 ns. Current is switched to a 795 nm wavelength (Rb D1) tapered amplifier to produce optical pulses of few nanosecond duration and peak powers of 3 W at a similar extinction ratio. Fast rf pulses are applied directly to a laser diode to shift its emission frequency by up to 300 MHz in either direction and at a maximum chirp rate of 150 MHz/ns. Finally, the latter components are combined, yielding a system that produces watt-level optical pulses with arbitrary frequency chirps in the given range and <2% residual intensity variation, all within 65 ns upon asynchronous demand. Such systems have broad application in atomic, molecular, and optical physics, and are of particular interest to fast experiments simultaneously requiring high power and low noise, for example quantum memory experiments with atomic vapors.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2023

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and Optical Pumping in the Hyperfine Paschen-Back Regime

We report spectroscopy experiments of rubidium vapor in a high magnetic field under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and optical pumping. The 1.1 T static magnetic field decouples nuclear and electronic spins and shifts each magnetic state via the Zeeman effect, allowing us to resolve individual optical transitions of the D$_2$ line in a Doppler-broadened medium. By varying the control laser power driving one leg of a spectrally isolated $Λ$ system we tune the vapor from the EIT regime to conditions of Autler-Townes line splitting. The resulting spectra conform to simple three-level models demonstrating the effective simplification of the energetic structure. Further, we quantify the viability of state preparation via optical pumping on nuclear spin-forbidden transitions. We conclude that the ``cleanliness'' of this system greatly enhances the capabilities of quantum control in hot vapor, offering advantages in a broad variety of quantum applications plagued by spurious light-matter interaction processes, such as atomic quantum memories for light.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2023

Optical Memory in a Microfabricated Rubidium Vapor Cell

Scalability presents a central platform challenge for the components of current quantum network implementations that can be addressed by microfabrication techniques. We demonstrate a high-bandwidth optical memory using a warm alkali atom ensemble in a microfabricated vapor cell compatible with wafer-scale fabrication. By applying an external tesla-order magnetic field, we explore a novel ground-state quantum memory scheme in the hyperfine Paschen-Back regime, where individual optical transitions can be addressed in a Doppler-broadened medium. Working on the $^{87}$Rb D$_2$ line, where deterministic quantum dot single-photon sources are available, we demonstrate bandwidth-matching with hundreds of megahertz broad light pulses keeping such sources in mind. For a storage time of 80 ns we measure an end-to-end efficiency of $η_{e2e}^{\text{80ns}} = 3.12(17)\%$, corresponding to an internal efficiency of $η_{\text{int}}^{\text{0ns}} = 24(3)\%$, while achieving a signal-to-noise ratio of $\text{SNR} = 7.9(8)$ with coherent pulses at the single-photon level.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2022

Single-Photon Storage in a Ground-State Vapor Cell Quantum Memory

Interfaced single-photon sources and quantum memories for photons together form a foundational component of quantum technology. Achieving compatibility between heterogeneous, state-of-the-art devices is a long-standing challenge. We built and successfully interfaced a heralded single-photon source based on cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion in ppKTP and a matched memory based on electromagnetically induced transparency in warm $^{87}$Rb vapor. The bandwidth of the photons emitted by the source is 370 MHz, placing its speed in the technologically relevant regime while remaining well within the acceptance bandwidth of the memory. Simultaneously, the experimental complexity is kept low, with all components operating at or above room temperature. Read-out noise of the memory is considerably reduced by exploiting polarization selection rules in the hyperfine structure of spin-polarized atoms. For the first time, we demonstrate single-photon storage and retrieval in a ground-state vapor cell memory, with $g_{c,\text{ret}}^{(2)}=0.177(23)$ demonstrating the single-photon character of the retrieved light. Our platform of single-photon source and atomic memory is attractive for future experiments on room-temperature quantum networks operating at high bandwidth.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2020

An efficient, tunable, and robust source of narrow-band photon pairs at the $^{87}$Rb D1 line

We present an efficient and robust source of photons at the $^{87}$Rb D1-line (795 nm) with a narrow bandwidth of $δ=226(1)$ MHz. The source is based on non-degenerate, cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a monolithic optical parametric oscillator far below threshold. The setup allows for efficient coupling to single mode fibers. A heralding efficiency of $η_{\mathrm{heralded}}=45(5)$ % is achieved, and the uncorrected number of detected photon pairs is $3.8 \times 10^{3}/(\textrm{s mW})$. For pair generation rates up to $5\times 10^{5}/$s, the source emits heralded single photons with a normalized, heralded, second-order correlation function $g^{(2)}_{c}<0.01$. The source is intrinsically stable due to the monolithic configuration. Frequency drifts are on the order of $δ/20$ per hour without active feedback on the emission frequency. We achieved fine-tuning of the source frequency within a range of $ > 2$ GHz by applying mechanical strain.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2017

Simple atomic quantum memory suitable for semiconductor quantum dot single photons

Quantum memories matched to single photon sources will form an important cornerstone of future quantum network technology. We demonstrate such a memory in warm Rb vapor with on-demand storage and retrieval, based on electromagnetically induced transparency. With an acceptance bandwidth of $δf$ = 0.66~GHz the memory is suitable for single photons emitted by semiconductor quantum dots. In this regime, vapor cell memories offer an excellent compromise between storage efficiency, storage time, noise level, and experimental complexity, and atomic collisions have negligible influence on the optical coherences. Operation of the memory is demonstrated using attenuated laser pulses on the single photon level. For 50 ns storage time we measure $η_{\textrm{e2e}}^{\textrm{50ns}} = 3.4(3)\%$ \emph{end-to-end efficiency} of the fiber-coupled memory, with an \emph{total intrinsic efficiency} $η_{\textrm{int}} = 17(3)\%$. Straightforward technological improvements can boost the end-to-end-efficiency to $η_{\textrm{e2e}} \approx 35\%$; beyond that increasing the optical depth and exploiting the Zeeman substructure of the atoms will allow such a memory to approach near unity efficiency. In the present memory, the unconditional readout noise level of $9\cdot 10^{-3}$ photons is dominated by atomic fluorescence, and for input pulses containing on average $μ_{1}=0.27(4)$ photons the signal to noise level would be unity.

quant-ph↗