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Gloria Paoli

Publications and source records attributed to Gloria Paoli.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

A reverse Faber--Krahn inequality for the Robin Laplacian with negative boundary parameter: small coupling in all dimensions

We establish Bareket's conjecture from 1977 for convex domains in all dimensions in the regime of weak boundary coupling. In other words, we consider the Laplace operator, subject to negative boundary conditions, and show that the ball maximises the first eigenvalue among all bounded convex domains of fixed volume, provided that the boundary parameter is sufficiently close to zero. The smallness depends on the volume and dimension only. The proof relies on a comparison with spherical shells with combined Neumann--Robin boundary conditions obtained via the method of parallel coordinates, which we manage to extend to all dimensions, and on a careful analysis of the corresponding radial problem.

math.SP↗
arXiv2026

Anisotropic gradient rearrangement of BV functions and applications

In this paper, we introduce a symmetrization technique for the distributional gradient of a function of bounded variation in the anisotropic setting. This generalizes the result obtained in the Euclidean case in [Amato-Gentile-Nitsch-Trombetti, 2024] by separating the absolutely continuous part of the anisotropic gradient from its singular part. Our main result is an $L^1$ comparison between the function and its anisotropic symmetrization. Moreover, as an application, we derive isoperimetric inequalities for some geometric functionals related to the torsional rigidity.

math.AP↗
arXiv2026

Sharp bounds and geometric properties of the first non trivial Steklov Neumann Eigenvalue

In this article, we study the mixed Steklov--Neumann eigenvalue problem on doubly connected domains. First, we show that among all doubly connected domains in $\mathbb{R}^n$ of the form $B_{R_2}\setminus \overline{B_{R_1}}$, where $B_{R_1}$ and $B_{R_2}$ are open balls of fixed radii satisfying $\overline{B_{R_1}} \subset B_{R_2}$, the first non-zero Steklov--Neumann eigenvalue attains its maximal value when the balls are concentric. Next, we establish bounds for the first non-zero Steklov--Neumann eigenvalue on a doubly connected star-shaped domain contained in a hypersurface equipped with a revolution-type metric. We also derive the asymptotic behavior of the first non-zero Steklov--Neumann eigenvalue on a bounded domain with a spherical hole in $\mathbb{R}^n$ as the radius of the hole approaches zero. Finally, we study the number of nodal domains of the eigenfunction corresponding to the first non zero Steklov--Neumann eigenvalue on a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$ having a spherical hole.

math.AP↗
arXiv2026

Sharp estimates for the Laplacian torsional rigidity with negative Robin boundary conditions

Motivated by pioneering works of Bandle and Wagner, given a bounded Lipschitz domain $Ω\subset \mathbb R^d$ with $d\ge3$, we consider the Robin-Laplacian torsional rigidity $τ_α(Ω)$ with negative boundary parameter $α$ and we show that sharp inequalities for $τ_α(Ω)$ hold if $|α|$ is small enough. In particular, we prove that, if $|α|$ is smaller than the first non-trivial Steklov-Laplacian eigenvalue, then the ball maximises $τ_α(Ω)$ among all convex domains under perimeter or volume constraints.This solves an open problem raised by Bandle and Wagner. We also prove the result in the planar case among simply connected sets and under perimeter constraint.

math.OC↗
arXiv2025

A quantitative Talenti-type comparison result with Robin boundary conditions

The purpose of this paper is to establish a quantitative version of the Talenti comparison principle for solutions to the Poisson equation with Robin boundary conditions. This quantitative enhancement is proved in terms of the asymmetry of domain. The key role is played by a careful analysis of the propagation of asymmetry for the level sets of the solutions of a PDE. As a byproduct, we obtain an alternative proof of the quantitative Saint-Venant inequality for the Robin torsion and, in the planar case, of the quantitative Faber-Krahn inequality for the first Robin eigenvalue. In addition, we complete the framework of the rigidity result of the Talenti inequalities with Robin boundary conditions.

math.AP↗
arXiv2025

Hessian operators, overdetermined problems, and higher order mean curvatures: symmetry and stability results

It is well known that there is a deep connection between Serrin's symmetry result -- dealing with overdetermined problems involving the Laplacian -- and the celebrated Alexandrov's Soap Bubble Theorem (SBT) -- stating that, if the mean curvature $H$ of the boundary of a smooth bounded connected open set $\Om$ is constant, then $\Om$ must be a ball. One of the main aims of the paper is to extend the study of such a connection to the broader case of overdetermined problems for Hessian operators and constant higher order mean curvature boundaries. Our analysis will not only provide new proofs of the higher order SBT (originally established by Alexandrov) and of the symmetry for overdetermined Serrin-type problems for Hessian equations (originally established by Brandolini, Nitsch, Salani, and Trombetti), but also bring several benefits, including new interesting symmetry results and quantitative stability estimates. In fact, leveraging the analysis performed in the classical case (i.e., with classical mean curvature and classical Laplacian) by Magnanini and Poggesi in a series of papers, we will extend their approach to the higher order setting (i.e., with $k$-order mean curvature and $k$-Hessian operator, for $k \ge 1$) achieving various quantitative estimates of closeness to the symmetric configuration. Finally, leveraging the quantitative analysis in presence of bubbling phenomena performed in arXiv:2405.06376, we also provide a quantitative stability result of closeness of almost constant $k$-mean curvature boundaries to a set given by the union of a finite number of disjoint balls of equal radii. In passing, we will also provide two alternative proofs of the result established by Brandolini, Nitsch, Salani, and Trombetti, one of which provides the extension to Hessian operators of the approach famously pioneered by Weinberger for the classical Laplacian.

math.AP↗
arXiv2024

A stability result for the first Robin-Neumann eigenvalue: A double perturbation approach

Let $Ω=Ω_0\setminus \overlineΘ\subset \mathbb{R}^n$, $n\geq 2$, where $Ω_0$ and $Θ$ are two open, bounded and convex sets such that $\overlineΘ\subset Ω_0$ and let $β<0$ be a given parameter. We consider the eigenvalue problem for the Laplace operator associated to $Ω$, with Robin boundary condition on $\partial Ω_0$ and Neumann boundary condition on $\partial Θ$. In [Paoli-Piscitelli-Trani, ESAIM-COCV '20] it is proved that the spherical shell is the only maximizer for the first Robin-Neumann eigenvalue in the class of domains $Ω$ with fixed outer perimeter and volume. We establish a quantitative version of the afore-mentioned isoperimetric inequality; the main novelty consists in the introduction of a new type of hybrid asymmetry, that turns out to be the suitable one to treat the different conditions on the outer and internal boundary. Up to our knowledge, in this context, this is the first stability result in which both the outer and the inner boundary are perturbed.

math.AP↗
arXiv2024

Sharp inequalities involving the Cheeger constant of planar convex sets

We are interested in finding sharp bounds for the Cheeger constant $h$ via different geometrical quantities, namely the area $|\cdot|$, the perimeter $P$, the inradius $r$, the circumradius $R$, the minimal width $ω$ and the diameter $d$. We provide new sharp inequalities between these quantities for planar convex bodies and enounce new conjectures based on numerical simulations. In particular, we completely solve the Blaschke-Santaló diagrams describing all the possible inequalities involving the triplets $(P,h,r)$, $(d,h,r)$ and $(R,h,r)$ and describe some parts of the boundaries of the diagrams of the triplets $(ω,h,d)$, $(ω,h,R)$, $(ω,h,P)$, $(ω,h,|\cdot|)$, $(R,h,d)$ and $(ω,h,r)$.

math.AP↗
arXiv2024

Finite element approximation of the Hardy constant

We consider finite element approximations to the optimal constant for the Hardy inequality with exponent $p=2$ in bounded domains of dimension $n=1$ or $n \geq 3$. For finite element spaces of piecewise linear and continuous functions on a mesh of size $h$, we prove that the approximate Hardy constant converges to the optimal Hardy constant at a rate proportional to $1/| \log h |^2$. This result holds in dimension $n=1$, in any dimension $n \geq 3$ if the domain is the unit ball and the finite element discretization exploits the rotational symmetry of the problem, and in dimension $n=3$ for general finite element discretizations of the unit ball. In the first two cases, our estimates show excellent quantitative agreement with values of the discrete Hardy constant obtained computationally.

math.NA↗
arXiv2024

The Talenti comparison result in a quantitative form

In this paper, we obtain a quantitative version of the classical comparison result of Talenti for elliptic problems with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The key role is played by quantitative versions of the Pólya-Szego inequality and of the Hardy-Littlewood inequality.

math.AP↗
arXiv2023

A remark on solutions to semilinear equations with Robin boundary conditions

Symmetry properties of solutions to elliptic quasilinear equations have been widely studied in the context of Dirichlet boundary conditions. We show that, in the context of Robin boundary conditions, the symmetry property á la Gidas, Ni and Nirenberg does not hold in dimension $n\geq 2$, even for superharmonic functions, and we provide an explicit example.

math.AP↗
arXiv2023

A Rigidity Result for the Robin Torsion Problem

Let $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^2$ be an open, bounded and Lipschitz set. We consider the torsion problem for the Laplace operator associated to $Ω$ with Robin boundary conditions. In this setting, we study the equality case in the Talenti-type comparison, proved in arXiv:1909.11950. We prove that the equality is achieved only if $Ω$ is a disk and the torsion function $u$ is radial.

math.AP↗
arXiv2023

Rigidity results for the $p$-Laplacian Poisson problem with Robin boundary conditions

Let $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be an open, bounded and Lipschitz set. We consider the Poisson problem for the $p-$Laplace operator associated to $Ω$ with Robin boundary conditions. In this setting, we study the equality case in the Talenti-type comparison stated in \cite{AGM}. We prove that the equality is achieved only if $Ω$ is a ball and both the function $u$ and the right hand side $f$ of the Poisson equation are radial.

math.AP↗
arXiv2022

Sharp and quantitative estimates for the $p-$Torsion of convex sets

Let $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^n$, $n\geq 2$, be a bounded, open and convex set and let $f$ be a positive and non-increasing function depending only on the distance from the boundary of $Ω$. We consider the $p-$torsional rigidity associated to $Ω$ for the Poisson problem with Dirichlet boundary conditions, denoted by $T_{f,p}(Ω)$. Firstly, we prove a Pólya type lower bound for $T_{f,p}(Ω)$ in any dimension; then, we consider the planar case and we provide two quantitative estimates in the case $f\equiv 1 $.

math.AP↗
arXiv2022

An isoperimetric inequality for the first Steklov-Dirichlet Laplacian eigenvalue of convex sets with a spherical hole

In this paper we prove the existence of a maximum for the first Steklov-Dirichlet eigenvalue in the class of convex sets with a fixed spherical hole under volume constraint. More precisely, if $Ω=Ω_0 \setminus \bar{B}_{R_1}$, where $B_{R_1}$ is the ball centered at the origin with radius $R_1>0$ and $Ω_0\subset\mathbb{R}^n$, $n\geq 2$, is an open bounded and convex set such that $B_{R_1}\Subset Ω_0$, then the first Steklov-Dirichlet eigenvalue $σ_1(Ω)$ has a maximum when $R_1$ and the measure of $Ω$ are fixed. Moreover, if $Ω_0$ is contained in a suitable ball, we prove that the spherical shell is the maximum.

math.AP↗
arXiv2021

A reverse quantitative isoperimetric type inequality for the Dirichlet Laplacian

A stability result in terms of the perimeter is obtained for the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of the Laplacian operator. In particular, we prove that, once we fix the dimension $n\geq2$, there exists a constant $c>0$, depending only on $n$, such that, for every $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ open, bounded and convex set with volume equal to the volume of a ball $B$ with radius $1$, it holds \begin{equation*} λ_1(Ω)-λ_1(B)\geq c\left(P(Ω)-P(B) \right)^{2}, \end{equation*} where by $λ_1(\cdot)$ we denote the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of a set and by $P(\cdot)$ its perimeter. The hearth of the present paper is a sharp estimate of the Fraenkel asymmetry in terms of the perimeter.

math.AP↗
arXiv2021

The orthotropic $p$-Laplace eigenvalue problem of Steklov type as $p\to+\infty$

We study the Steklov eigenvalue problem for the $\infty-$orthotropic Laplace operator defined on convex sets of $\mathbb{R}^N$, with $N\geq2$, considering the limit for $p\to+\infty$ of the Steklov problem for the $p-$orthotropic Laplacian. We find a limit problem that is satisfied in the viscosity sense and a geometric characterization of the first non trivial eigenvalue. Moreover, we prove Brock-Weinstock and Weinstock type inequalities among convex sets, stating that the ball in a suitable norm maximizes the first non trivial eigenvalue for the Steklov $\infty-$orthotropic Laplacian, once we fix the volume or the anisotropic perimeter.

math.AP↗