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Graca Rocha

Publications and source records attributed to Graca Rocha.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
arXiv2002

CMB Anisotropy Constraints on Flat-Lambda and Open CDM Cosmogonies from DMR, UCSB South Pole, Python, ARGO, MAX, White Dish, OVRO, and SuZIE Data

We use joint likelihood analyses of combinations of fifteen cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy data sets from the DMR, UCSB South Pole 1994, Python I--III, ARGO, MAX 4 and 5, White Dish, OVRO, and SuZIE experiments to constrain cosmogonies. We consider open and spatially-flat-Lambda cold dark matter cosmogonies, with nonrelativistic-mass density parameter Omega_0 in the range 0.1--1, baryonic-mass density parameter Omega_B in the range (0.005--0.029) h^{-2}, and age of the universe t_0 in the range (10--20) Gyr. Marginalizing over all parameters but Omega_0, the data favor Omega_0 \simeq 0.9--1 (0.4--0.6) flat-Lambda (open) models. The range in deduced Omega_0 values is partially a consequence of the different combinations of smaller-angular-scale CMB anisotropy data sets used in the analyses, but more significantly a consequence of whether the DMR quadrupole moment is accounted for or ignored in the analysis. For both flat-Lambda and open models, after marginalizing over all other parameters, a lower Omega_B h^2 \simeq 0.005--0.009 is favored. This is also marginally at odds with estimates from more recent CMB anisotropy data and some estimates from standard nucleosynthesis theory and observed light element abundances. For both sets of models a younger universe with t_0 \simeq 12--15 Gyr is favored, consistent with other recent non-CMB indicators. We emphasize that since we consider only a small number of data sets, these results are tentative. More importantly, the analyses here do not rule out the currently favored flat-Lambda model with Omega_0 \sim 0.3, nor the larger Omega_B h^2 values favored by some other data.

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arXiv2000

Bayesian joint estimation of non-Gaussianity and the power spectrum

We propose a rigorous, non-perturbative, Bayesian framework which enables one jointly to test Gaussianity and estimate the power spectrum of CMB anisotropies. It makes use of the Hilbert space of an harmonic oscillator to set up an exact likelihood function, dependent on the power spectrum and on a set of parameters $α_i$, which are zero for Gaussian processes. The latter can be expressed as series of cumulants; indeed they perturbatively reduce to cumulants. However they have the advantage that their variation is essentially unconstrained. Any truncation(i.e.: finite set of $α_i$) therefore still produces a proper distribution - something which cannot be said of the only other such tool on offer, the Edgeworth expansion. We apply our method to Very Small Array (VSA) simulations based on signal Gaussianity, showing that our algorithm is indeed not biased.

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arXiv1999

Python I, II, and III CMB Anisotropy Measurement Constraints on Open and Flat-Lambda CDM Cosmogonies

We use Python I, II, and III cosmic microwave background anisotropy data to constrain cosmogonies. We account for the Python beamwidth and calibration uncertainties. We consider open and spatially-flat-Lambda cold dark matter cosmogonies, with nonrelativistic-mass density parameter Omega_0 in the range 0.1--1, baryonic-mass density parameter Omega_B in the range (0.005--0.029) h^{-2}, and age of the universe t_0 in the range (10--20) Gyr. Marginalizing over all parameters but Omega_0, the combined Python data favors an open (spatially-flat-Lambda) model with Omega_0 simeq 0.2 (0.1). At the 2 sigma confidence level model normalizations deduced from the combined Python data are mostly consistent with those drawn from the DMR, UCSB South Pole 1994, ARGO, MAX 4 and 5, White Dish, and SuZIE data sets.

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arXiv1999

CMB Anisotropy Constraints on Open and Flat-Lambda CDM Cosmogonies from UCSB South Pole, ARGO, MAX, White Dish, and SuZIE Data

We use combinations of ten small-scale cosmic microwave background anisotropy data sets from the UCSB South Pole 1994, ARGO, MAX 4 and 5, White Dish and SuZIE experiments to constrain cosmogonies. We consider open and spatially-flat-Lambda cold dark matter cosmogonies. Marginalizing over all parameters but $Ω_0$, the combined data favors an Omega_0 simeq 1 for both open and flat-Lambda models. Excluding the smallest angular scale SuZIE data, an Omega_0 simeq 0.3 (1.0) open (flat-Lambda) model is favored. Considering only multi-frequency data with error bars consistent with sample variance and noise considerations, an Omega_0 simeq 0.1 (1) open (flat-Lambda) model is favored. For both open and flat-$Λ$ models, after marginalizing over all the other parameters, a lower Omega_B h^2 (sim 0.005) or younger (t_0 sim 10 Gyr) universe is favored. However, the data do not rule out other values of Omega_0 in the flat-Lambda model and other values of Omega_B h^2 in both models. (abriged)

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arXiv1998

Joint estimation of cosmological parameters from CMB and IRAS data

Observations of large scale structure (LSS) and the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) each place separate constraints on the values of cosmological parameters. We calculate a joint likelihood based on various CMB experiments and the IRAS 1.2Jy galaxy redshift survey and use this to find an overall optimum with respect to the free parameters. Our formulation self-consistently takes account of the underlying mass distribution, which affects both the CMB potential fluctuations and the IRAS redshift distortion. This not only allows more accurate parameter estimation, but also removes the parameter degeneracy which handicaps calculations based on either approach alone. The family of Cold Dark Matter (CDM) models analysed corresponds to a spatially-flat universe with an initially scale-invariant spectrum and a cosmological constant. Free parameters in the joint model are the mass density due to all matter (Omega_m), Hubble's parameter (h = H_0 / 100km/s Mpc^-1), the quadrupole normalisation of the CMB power spectrum (Q) in uK, and the IRAS light-to-mass bias (b_i). Throughout the analysis, the baryonic density (Omega_b) is required is to satisfy the nucleosynthesis constraint Omega_b h^2 = 0.024. Results from the two data sets show good agreement, and the joint optimum lies at Omega_m=0.39, h=0.53, Q=16.96uK, and b_i=1.21. The 68 per cent confidence intervals are: 0.29<Omega_m<0.53, 0.39<h<0.58, 15.34<Q<17.60, and 0.98<b_i<1.56. For the above parameters the normalisation and shape of the mass power-spectrum are sigma_8=0.67 and Gamma=0.15, and the age of the Universe is 16.5Gyr.

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arXiv1996

A first determination of the position of the `Doppler' peak

Cosmological theories for the origin and evolution of structure in the Universe are highly predictive of the form of the angular power spectrum of cosmic microwave background fluctuations. We present new results from a comprehensive study of CMB observations which provide the first measurements of the power spectrum all the way down to angular scales of ~10 arcminutes. On large scales a joint likelihood analysis of the COBE and Tenerife data fixes the power spectrum normalisation to be Q_rms = 21.0 +/- 1.6 uK for an initially scale invariant spectrum of fluctuations. The combined data are consistent with this hypothesis, placing a limit of n=1.3 +/- 0.3 on the spectral slope. On intermediate scales we find clear evidence for a `Doppler' peak in the power spectrum localised in both angular scale and amplitude. This first estimate of the angular position of the peak is used to place a new direct limit on the curvature of the Universe, corresponding to a density of Omega=0.7^{+1.0}_{-0.4}. Very low density open Universe models are inconsistent with this limit unless there is a significant contribution from a cosmological constant.

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