Shifted Jack polynomials, binomial formula, and applications
In this note we prove an explicit binomial formula for Jack polynomials and discuss some applications of it.
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arXiv subjects
Grigori Olshanski
Publications and source records attributed to Grigori Olshanski.
Asymptotics of Jack polynomials as the number of variables goes to infinity
In this paper we study the asymptotic behavior of the Jack rational functions as the number of variables grows to infinity. Our results generalize the results of A. Vershik and S. Kerov obtained in the Schur function case (theta=1). For theta=1/2,2 our results describe approximation of the spherical functions of the infinite-dimensional symmetric spaces $U(\infty)/O(\infty)$ and $U(2\infty)/Sp(\infty)$ by the spherical functions of the corresponding finite-dimensional symmetric spaces.
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The boundary of Young graph with Jack edge multiplicities
Consider the lattice of all Young diagrams ordered by inclusion, and denote by Y its Hasse graph. Using the Pieri formula for Jack symmetric polynomials, we endow the edges of the graph Y with formal multiplicities depending on a real parameter $θ$. The multiplicities determine a potential theory on the graph Y. Our main result identifies the corresponding Martin boundary with an infinite-dimensional simplex, the ``geometric boundary'' of the Young graph Y, and provides a canonical integral representation for non-negative harmonic functions. For three particular values of the parameter, the theorem specializes to known results: the Thoma theorem describing characters of the infinite symmetric group, the Kingman's classification of partition structures, and the description of spherical functions of the infinite hyperoctahedral Gelfand pair.
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Shifted Schur functions II. Binomial formula for characters of classical groups and applications
Let G be any of the complex classical groups GL(n), SO(2n+1), Sp(2n), O(2n), let g denote the Lie algebra of G, and let Z(g) denote the subalgebra of G-invariants in the universal enveloping algebra U(g). We derive a Taylor-type expansion for finite-dimensional characters of G (binomial formula) and use it to specify a distinguished linear basis in Z(g). The eigenvalues of the basis elements in highest weight g-modules are certain shifted (or factorial) analogs of Schur functions. We also study an associated homogeneous basis in I(g), the subalgebra of G-invariants in the symmetric algebra S(g). Finally, we show that the both bases are related by a G-equivariant linear isomorphism σ: I(g)\to Z(g), called the special symmetrization.
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Shifted Schur Functions
The classical algebra $Λ$ of symmetric functions has a remarkable deformation $Λ^*$, which we call the algebra of shifted symmetric functions. In the latter algebra, there is a distinguished basis formed by shifted Schur functions $s^*_μ$, where $μ$ ranges over the set of all partitions. The main significance of the shifted Schur functions is that they determine a natural basis in $Z(\frak{gl}(n))$, the center of the universal enveloping algebra $U(\frak{gl}(n))$, $n=1,2,\ldots$. The functions $s^*_μ$ are closely related to the factorial Schur functions introduced by Biedenharn and Louck and further studied by Macdonald and other authors. A part of our results about the functions $s^*_μ$ has natural classical analogues (combinatorial presentation, generating series, Jacobi--Trudi identity, Pieri formula). Other results are of different nature (connection with the binomial formula for characters of $GL(n)$, an explicit expression for the dimension of skew shapes $λ/μ$, Capelli--type identities, a characterization of the functions $s^*_μ$ by their vanishing properties, `coherence property', special symmetrization map $S(\frak{gl}(n))\to U(\frak{gl}(n))$. The main application that we have in mind is the asymptotic character theory for the unitary groups $U(n)$ and symmetric groups $S(n)$ as $n\to\infty$. The results of this paper were used in \cite{Ok1--3}.
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Bethe Subalgebras in Twisted Yangians
We study analogues of the Yangian of the Lie algebra $gl_N$ for the other classical Lie algebras $so_N$ and $sp_N$. We call them twisted Yangians. They are coideal subalgebras in the Yangian $Y(gl_N)$ of $gl_N$ and admit homomorphisms onto the universal enveloping algebras $U(so_N)$ and $U(sp_N)$ respectively. In every twisted Yangian we construct a family of maximal commutative subalgebras parametrized by the regular semisimple elements of the corresponding classical Lie algebra. The images in $U(so_N)$ and $U(sp_N)$ of these subalgebras are also maximal commutative.
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Ergodic unitarily invariant measures on the space of infinite Hermitian matrices
Let $H$ be the space of all Hermitian matrices of infinite order and $U(\infty)$ be the inductive limit of the chain $U(1)\subset U(2)\subset...$ of compact unitary groups. The group $U(\infty)$ operates on the space $H$ by conjugations, and our aim is to classify the ergodic $U(\infty)$-invariant probability measures on $H$ by making use of a general asymptotic approach proposed in Vershik's note \cite{V}. The problem is reduced to studying the limit behavior of orbital integrals of the form $$\int_{B\inΩ_n}e^{i\op{tr}(AB)}M_n(dB),$$ where $A$ is a fixed $\infty\times\infty$ Hermitian matrix with finitely many nonzero entries, $Ω_n$ is a $U(n)$-orbit in the space of $n\times n$ Hermitian matrices, $M_n$ is the normalized $U(n)$-invariant measure on the orbit $Ω_n$, and $n\to\infty$. We also present a detailed proof of an ergodic theorem for inductive limits of compact groups that has been announced in \cite{V}.
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