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Gulzhan Aldan

Publications and source records attributed to Gulzhan Aldan.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

Kirigami Film Reflector for Deployable Space Antennas

We propose a low-pretension reflective kirigami film as a material for the reflective surfaces of large deployable space reflector antennas with an operating frequency around 10 GHz. The kirigami cut pattern is based on the well-known rotating squares pattern but is augmented with diagonal cuts to enhance stretchability and allow control over the effective Poisson's ratio. Using finite element simulations, we analyzed how the geometric parameters of this pattern affected the reflectance of the film and the pretension required to resist thermal deformations. Tensile testing of selected designs, which are approximately half the weight of traditional metallic meshes, demonstrated a substantial reduction in the needed pretension to ~0.5 N/m and as low as ~0.1 N/m. Such low pretension represents an order-of-magnitude improvement over traditional metallic mesh reflectors and could enable the use of lighter antenna trusses. Free-space reflectance measurements also show that these perforated films can maintain power reflectance exceeding 90% at 10 GHz under the strains expected in the deployed configuration.

physics.app-ph

Photophoretic Light-flyers with Germanium Coatings as Selective Absorbers

The goal of ultrathin lightweight photophoretic flyers, or light-flyers for short, is to levitate continuously in Earth's upper atmosphere using only sunlight for propulsive power. We previously reported light-flyers that levitated by utilizing differences in thermal accommodation coefficient (TAC) between the top and bottom of a thin film, made possible by coating their lower surfaces with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Such designs, though successful, were limited due to their high thermal emissivity (>0.5), which prevented them from achieving high temperatures and resulted in their transferring relatively low amounts of momentum to the surrounding gas. To address this issue, we have developed light-flyers with undoped germanium layers that selectively absorb nearly 80% of visible light but are mostly transparent in the thermal infrared, with an average thermal emissivity of <0.1. Our experiments show that germanium-coated light-flyers could levitate at up to 43% lower light irradiances than mylar-CNT disks with identical sizes. In addition, we simulated our experiments using a combined first-principles-empirical model, allowing us to predict that our 2-cm-diameter disk-shaped germanium-coated light-flyers can levitate in the mesosphere (altitudes 68-78 km) under the natural sunlight (1.36 kW/m2). Similar ultrathin selective-absorber coatings can also be applied to three-dimensional light-flyers shaped like solar balloons, allowing them to carry significant payloads and thereby revolutionize long-term atmospheric exploration of Earth or Mars.

physics.app-ph