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H. Kawai

Publications and source records attributed to H. Kawai.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

Measurement of the Lepton Forward-Backward Asymmetry in $B \rightarrow X_s \ell^+ \ell^-$ Decays with a Sum of Exclusive Modes

We report the first measurement of the lepton forward-backward asymmetry ${\cal A}_{\rm FB}$ as a function of the squared four-momentum of the dilepton system, $q^2$, for the electroweak penguin process $B \rightarrow X_s \ell^+ \ell^-$ with a sum of exclusive final states, where $\ell$ is an electron or a muon and $X_s$ is a hadronic recoil system with an $s$ quark. The results are based on a data sample containing $772\times10^6$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs recorded at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^+ e^-$ collider. ${\cal A}_{\rm FB}$ for the inclusive $B \rightarrow X_s \ell^+ \ell^-$ is extrapolated from the sum of 10 exclusive $X_s$ states whose invariant mass is less than 2 GeV/$c^2$. For $q^2 > 10.2$ GeV$^2$/$c^2$, ${\cal A}_{\rm FB} < 0$ is excluded at the 2.3$σ$ level, where $σ$ is the standard deviation. For $q^2 < 4.3$ GeV$^2$/$c^2$, the result is within 1.8$σ$ of the Standard Model theoretical expectation.

hep-ex↗

Measurement of the Proton-Air Cross Section with Telescope Array's Middle Drum Detector and Surface Array in Hybrid Mode

In this work we are reporting on the measurement of the proton-air inelastic cross section $σ^{\rm inel}_{\rm p-air}$ using the Telescope Array (TA) detector. Based on the measurement of the $σ^{\rm inel}_{\rm p-air}$ the proton-proton cross section $σ_{\rm p-p}$ value is also determined at $\sqrt{s} = 95_{-8}^{+5}$ TeV. Detecting cosmic ray events at ultra high energies with Telescope Array enables us to study this fundamental parameter that we are otherwise unable to access with particle accelerators. The data used in this report is the hybrid events observed by the Middle Drum fluorescence detector together with the surface array detector collected over five years. The value of the $σ^{\rm inel}_{\rm p-air}$ is found to be equal to $567.0 \pm 70.5 [{\rm Stat.}] ^{+29}_{-25} [{\rm Sys.}]$ mb. The total proton-proton cross section is subsequently inferred from Glauber Formalism and Block, Halzen and Stanev QCD inspired fit and is found to be equal to $170_{-44}^{+48} [{\rm Stat.}] _{-17}^{+19} [{\rm Sys.}] $mb.

astro-ph.HE↗

A Northern Sky Survey for Point-Like Sources of EeV Neutral Particles with the Telescope Array Experiment

We report on the search for steady point-like sources of neutral particles around 10$^{18}$ eV between 2008 May and 2013 May with the scintillator surface detector of the Telescope Array experiment. We found overall no significant point-like excess above 0.5 EeV in the northern sky. Subsequently, we also searched for coincidence with the Fermi bright Galactic sources. No significant coincidence was found within the statistical uncertainty. Hence, we set an upper limit on the neutron flux that corresponds to an averaged flux of 0.07 km$^{-2}$ yr$^{-1}$ for $E>1$ EeV in the northern sky at the 95% confidence level. This is the most stringent flux upper limit in a northern sky survey assuming point-like sources. The upper limit at the 95% confidence level on the neutron flux from Cygnus X-3 is also set to 0.2 km$^{-2}$ yr$^{-1}$ for $E>0.5$ EeV. This is an order of magnitude lower than previous flux measurements.

astro-ph.HE↗

Study of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Composition Using Telescope Array's Middle Drum Detector and Surface Array in Hybrid Mode

Previous measurements of the composition of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays(UHECRs) made by the High Resolution Fly's Eye(HiRes) and Pierre Auger Observatory(PAO) are seemingly contradictory, but utilize different detection methods, as HiRes was a stereo detector and PAO is a hybrid detector. The five year Telescope Array(TA) Middle Drum hybrid composition measurement is similar in some, but not all, respects in methodology to PAO, and good agreement is evident between data and a light, largely protonic, composition when comparing the measurements to predictions obtained with the QGSJetII-03 and QGSJet-01c models. These models are also in agreement with previous HiRes stereo measurements, confirming the equivalence of the stereo and hybrid methods. The data is incompatible with a pure iron composition, for all models examined, over the available range of energies. The elongation rate and mean values of Xmax are in good agreement with Pierre Auger Observatory data. This analysis is presented using two methods: data cuts using simple geometrical variables and a new pattern recognition technique.

astro-ph.HE↗

Enhancement of muonium emission rate from silica aerogel with a laser ablated surface

Emission of muonium ($μ^+e^-$) atoms from a laser-processed aerogel surface into vacuum was studied for the first time. Laser ablation was used to create hole-like regions with diameter of about 270$~μ$m in a triangular pattern with hole separation in the range of 300--500$~μ$m. The emission probability for the laser-processed aerogel sample is at least eight times higher than for a uniform one.

physics.ins-det↗

Indications of Intermediate-Scale Anisotropy of Cosmic Rays with Energy Greater Than 57 EeV in the Northern Sky Measured with the Surface Detector of the Telescope Array Experiment

We have searched for intermediate-scale anisotropy in the arrival directions of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays with energies above 57~EeV in the northern sky using data collected over a 5 year period by the surface detector of the Telescope Array experiment. We report on a cluster of events that we call the hotspot, found by oversampling using 20$^\circ$-radius circles. The hotspot has a Li-Ma statistical significance of 5.1$σ$, and is centered at R.A.=146.7$^{\circ}$, Dec.=43.2$^{\circ}$. The position of the hotspot is about 19$^{\circ}$ off of the supergalactic plane. The probability of a cluster of events of 5.1$σ$ significance, appearing by chance in an isotropic cosmic-ray sky, is estimated to be 3.7$\times$10$^{-4}$ (3.4$σ$).

astro-ph.HE↗

Measurement of Branching Fractions and CP Asymmetries in B -> wK Decays and First Evidence of CP Violation in B0 -> wKS0

We present a measurement of the branching fractions and charge-parity-(CP-) violating parameters in B -> omega K decays. The results are obtained from the final data sample containing 772 x 10^(6) BBbar pairs collected at the Y(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. We obtain the branching fractions B(B0 -> omega K0) = (4.5 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10^(-6), B(B- -> omega K-) = (6.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.4 (syst)) x 10^(-6), which are in agreement with their respective current world averages. For the CP violating parameters, we obtain A(B0 -> omega KS) = -0.36 +/- 0.19 (stat) +/- 0.05 (syst), S(B0 -> omega KS) = +0.91 +/- 0.32 (stat) +/- 0.05 (syst), A(B- -> omega K-) = -0.03 +/- 0.04 (stat) +/- 0.01 syst), where A and S represent the direct and mixing-induced CP asymmetry, respectively. We find no evidence of CP violation in the decay channel B-->omega K-; however, we obtain the first evidence of CP violation in the B0 -> omega KS decay channel at the level of 3.1 standard deviations.

hep-ex↗

Study of B^0 -> rho^0 rho^0 decays, implications for the CKM angle phi_2 and search for other B^0 decay modes with a four-pion final state

We present a study of the branching fraction of the decay B^0->rho0rho0 and the fraction of longitudinally polarized rho0 mesons in this decay. The results are obtained from the final data sample containing 772 million BBbar pairs collected at the Y(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. We find 166 +- 59 B^0 -> rho0 rho0 events (including systematic uncertainties), corresponding to a branching fraction of B(B^0->rho0rho0) = (1.02 +- 0.30 (stat) +- 0.15 (syst)) x 10^{-6} with a significance of 3.4 standard deviations and a longitudinal polarization fraction fL = 0.21^{+0.18}_{-0.22} (stat) +- 0.15 (syst). We use the longitudinal polarization fraction to determine the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix angle phi_2 = (84.9 +- 13.5) degrees through an isospin analysis in the B->rhorho system. We furthermore find 149 +- 49 B^0->f0rho0 events, corresponding to B(B^0->f0rho0) x B(f0->pi+pi-) = (0.78 +- 0.22 (stat) +- 0.11 (syst)) x 10^{-6}, with a significance of 3.1 standard deviations. We find no other significant contribution with the same final state, and set upper limits at 90% confidence level on the (product) branching fractions, B(B^0->pi+pi-pi+pi-)<11.2 x 10^{-6}, B(B^0->rho0pi+pi-)<12.0 x 10^{-6}, B(B^0->f0pi+pi-) x B(f0->pi+pi-) <3.0 x 10^{-6} and B(B^0->f0f0) x B(f0->pi+pi-)^{2} < 0.2 x 10^{-6}.

hep-ex↗

Measurement of ${D^{0}}$-${\overline{D}{}^{0}}$ Mixing and Search for Indirect $CP$ Violation Using ${D^0\to K_S^0π^+π^-}$ Decays

We report a measurement of ${D^{0}}$-${\overline{D}{}^{0}}$ mixing parameters and a search for indirect $CP$ violation through a time-dependent amplitude analysis of ${D^0\to K_S^0π^+π^-}$ decays. The results are based on 921~fb$^{-1}$ of data accumulated with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. Assuming $CP$ conservation, we measure the mixing parameters $x=(0.56\pm0.19^{+0.03}_{-0.09}{^{+0.06}_{-0.09}})\%$ and $y=(0.30\pm0.15^{+0.04}_{-0.05}{^{+0.03}_{-0.06})}\%$, where the errors are statistical, experimental systematic, and systematic due to the amplitude model, respectively. With $CP$ violation allowed, the parameters $|q/p|=0.90^{+0.16}_{-0.15}{^{+0.05}_{-0.04}}{^{+0.06}_{-0.05}}$ and $\arg(q/p)=(-6\pm11{\pm3}{^{+3}_{-4}})^{\circ}$ are found to be consistent with conservation of $CP$ symmetry in mixing and in the interference between mixing and decay, respectively.

hep-ex↗

Amplitude analysis of e+e- => Y(nS)pi+pi- at sqrt(s)=10.865 GeV

We report results on studies of the e+e- annihilation into three-body Y(nS)pi+pi- (n=1,2,3) final states including measurements of cross sections and the full amplitude analysis. The cross sections measured at sqrt(s)=10.865 GeV and corrected for the initial state radiation are sigma(e+e-=>Y(1S)pi+pi-)=(2.27+-0.12+-0.14) pb, sigma(e+e-=>Y(2S)pi+pi-)=(4.07+-0.16+-0.45) pb, and sigma(e+e-=>Y(3S)pi+pi-)=(1.46+-0.09+-0.16) pb. Amplitude analysis of the three-body Y(nS)pi+pi- final states strongly favors I^G(J^P)=1^+(1^+) quantum-number assignments for the two bottomonium-like Zb+- states, recently observed in the Y(nS)pi+- and hb(mP)pi+- (m=1,2) decay channels. The results are obtained with a $121.4 1/fb data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider.

hep-ex↗

High-statistics study of K^0_S pair production in two-photon collisions

We report a high-statistics measurement of the differential cross section of the process gamma gamma --> K^0_S K^0_S in the range 1.05 GeV <= W <= 4.00 GeV, where W is the center-of-mass energy of the colliding photons, using 972 fb^{-1} of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^+ e^- collider operated at and near the Upsilon-resonance region. The differential cross section is fitted by parameterized S-, D_0-, D_2-, G_0- and G_2-wave amplitudes. In the D_2 wave, the f_2(1270), a_2(1320) and f_2'(1525) are dominant and a resonance, the f_2(2200), is also present. The f_0(1710) and possibly the f_0(2500) are seen in the S wave. The mass, total width and product of the two-photon partial decay width and decay branching fraction to the K bar{K} state Gamma_{gamma gamma}B(K bar{K}) are extracted for the f_2'(1525), f_0(1710), f_2(2200) and f_0(2500). The destructive interference between the f_2(1270) and a_2(1320) is confirmed by measuring their relative phase. The parameters of the charmonium states chi_{c0} and chi_{c2} are updated. Possible contributions from the chi_{c0}(2P) and chi_{c2}(2P) states are discussed. A new upper limit for the branching fraction of the P- and CP-violating decay channel eta_c --> K^0_S K^0_S is reported. The detailed behavior of the cross section is updated and compared with QCD-based calculations.

hep-ex↗

Measurement of the CP Violation Parameters in B0 -> pi+ pi- Decays

We present a measurement of the time-dependent charge-parity (CP) violation parameters in B0 -> pi+ pi- decays. The results are obtained from the final data sample containing 772 million BBbar pairs collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. We obtain the CP violation parameters Acp = +0.33 +/- 0.06 (stat) +/- 0.03 (syst) and Scp = -0.64 +/- 0.08 (stat) +/- 0.03 (syst), where Acp and Scp represent the direct and mixing-induced CP asymmetry, respectively. Using an isospin analysis including results from other Belle measurements, we find 23.8 < phi2 < 66.8 degrees is disfavored at the 1 sigma level, where phi2 is one of the three interior angles of the CKM unitarity triangle related to B_{u,d} decays.

hep-ex↗

Measurements of branching fractions of leptonic and hadronic Ds+ meson decays and extraction of the Ds+ meson decay constant

We present measurements of absolute branching fractions of hadronic and leptonic Ds+ decays to K- K+ pi+, anti-K0 K+, eta pi+, mu+ nu_mu and tau+ nu_tau and report a search for the leptonic Ds+ to e+ nu_e decays. The results are obtained from a data sample of 913 fb^-1 collected at or near the Y(4S) and Y(5S) resonances with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. The branching fractions of hadronic decays are measured to be Br(Ds+ -> K- K+ pi+) = (5.06 +- 0.15 +- 0.21)%, Br(Ds+ -> anti-K0 K+) = (2.95 +- 0.11 +- 0.09)%, and Br(Ds+ -> eta pi+) = (1.82 +- 0.14 +- 0.07)%, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The branching fractions of leptonic decays are measured to be Br(Ds+ -> mu+ nu_mu) = (0.531 +- 0.028 +- 0.020)%, and Br(Ds+ -> tau+ nu_tau) = (5.70 +- 0.21 +0.31-0.30)%, which are combined to determine the Ds+ meson decay constant f_Ds = (255.5 +- 4.2 +- 5.1) MeV. We find no significant signal for Ds+ -> e+ nu_e decays and set an upper limit of Br(Ds+ -> e+ nu_e) < 1.0 (0.83) x 10^-4 at 95% (90%) confidence level.

hep-ex↗

Angular analysis of $B^0 \to ϕK^{*}$ decays and search for CP violation at Belle

We report the measurements of branching fractions and CP violation asymmetries in $B^0 \to ϕK^{*}$ decays obtained in an angular analysis using the full data sample of $772 \times 10^6 B\bar{B}$ pairs collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+ e^-$ collider. We perform a partial wave analysis to distinguish among scalar [$B^0 \to ϕ(Kπ)^{*}_{0}$], vector [$B^0 \to ϕK^{*}(892)^{0}$] and tensor [$B^0 \to ϕK^{*}_{2}(1430)^{0}$] components, and determine the corresponding branching fractions to be $\mathcal{B}[B^0 \to ϕ(Kπ)^{*}_{0}] = (4.3 \pm 0.4 \pm 0.4) \times 10^{-6}$, $\mathcal{B}[B^0 \to ϕK^{*}(892)^{0}] = (10.4 \pm 0.5 \pm 0.6) \times 10^{-6}$ and $\mathcal{B}[B^0 \to ϕK^{*}_{2}(1430)^{0}] = (5.5 ^{+0.9}_{-0.7} \pm 1.0) \times 10^{-6}$. We also measure the longitudinal polarization fraction $f_L$ in $B^0 \to ϕK^{*}(892)^{0}$ and $B^0 \to ϕK^{*}_{2}(1430)^{0}$ decays to be $0.499 \pm 0.030 \pm 0.018$ and $0.918 ^{+0.029}_{-0.060} \pm 0.012$, respectively. The first quoted uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. In total, we measure 26 parameters related to branching fractions, polarization and CP violation in the $B^0 \to ϕK^{*}$ system. No evidence for CP violation is found.

hep-ex↗

Search for Bottomonium States in Exclusive Radiative Upsilon(2S) Decays

We search for bottomonium states in Upsilon(2S)-> (bb-bar) gamma decays with an integrated luminosity of 24.7fb^-1 recorded at the Upsilon(2S) resonance with the Belle detector at KEK, containing (157.8+-3.6) X 10^6 Upsilon(2S) events. The (bb-bar) system is reconstructed in 26 exclusive hadronic final states composed of charged pions, kaons, protons, and K^0_S mesons. We find no evidence for the state recently observed around 9975 MeV (X_(bb-bar)) in an analysis based on a data sample of 9.3 X 10^6 Upsilon(2S) events collected with the CLEO III detector. We set a 90 % confidence-level upper limit on the branching fraction B[Upsilon(2S)-> X_(bb-bar) gamma] X \sum_i{B[X_(bb-bar)-> h_i]}< 4.9 X 10^-6, summed over the exclusive hadronic final states employed in our analysis. This result is an order of magnitude smaller than the measurement reported with CLEO data. We also set an upper limit for the eta_b(1S) state of B[Upsilon(2S)-> eta_b(1S) gamma] X \sum_i{B[eta_b(1S)-> h_i]}< 3.7 X 10^-6.

hep-ex↗