arXiv subjects

H. T. C. Stoof

Publications and source records attributed to H. T. C. Stoof.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2020

Biexcitons in Highly Excited CdSe Nanoplatelets

We present the phase diagram of free charges (electrons and holes), excitons, and biexcitons in highly excited CdSe nanoplatelets that predicts a crossover to a biexciton-dominated region at easily attainable low temperatures or high photoexcitation densities. Our findings extend previous work describing only free charges and excitons by introducing biexcitons into the equation of state, while keeping the exciton and biexciton binding energies constant in view of the relatively low density of free charges in this material. Our predictions are experimentally testable in the near future and offer the prospect of creating a quantum degenerate, and possibly even superfluid, biexciton gas. Furthermore, we also provide simple expressions giving analytical insight into the regimes of photoexcitation densities and temperatures in which excitons and biexcitons dominate the response of the nanoplatelets.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2020

Effects of Two-Dimensional Material Thickness and Surrounding Dielectric Medium on Coulomb Interactions and Excitons

We examine the impact of quantum confinement on the interaction potential between two charges in two-dimensional semiconductor nanosheets in solution. The resulting effective potential depends on two length scales, namely the thickness $d$ and an emergent length scale $d^* \equiv εd / ε_{\text{sol}}$, where $ε$ is the permittivity of the nanosheet and $ε_{\text{sol}}$ is the permittivity of the solvent. In particular, quantum confinement, and not electrostatics, is responsible for the logarithmic behavior of the effective potential for separations smaller than $d$, instead of the one-over-distance bulk Coulomb interaction. Finally, we corroborate that the exciton binding energy also depends on the two-dimensional exciton Bohr radius $a_0$ in addition to the length scales $d$ and $d^*$ and analyze the consequences of this dependence.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2019

Explaining Observed Stability of Excitons in Highly Excited CdSe Nanoplatelets

Two-dimensional electron-hole gases in colloidal semiconductors have a wide variety of applications. Therefore, a proper physical understanding of these materials is of great importance. In this paper we present a detailed theoretical analysis of the recent experimental results by Tomar et al., that show an unexpected stability of excitons in CdSe nanoplatelets at high photoexcitation densities. Including the screening effects by free charges on the exciton properties, our analysis shows that CdSe nanoplatelets behave very differently from bulk CdSe, and in particular do not show a crossover to an electron-hole plasma in the density range studied experimentally, even though there is substantial overlap between the excitons at the highest densities achieved. From our results we also conclude that a quantum degenerate exciton gas is realized in the experiments, which opens the prospect of observing superfluidity in CdSe nanoplatelets in the near future.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2019

Proposal for an analog Schwarzschild black hole in condensates of light

By etching a hole in the mirrors or by placing a scatterer in the center of a cavity, we can create a sink for light. In a Bose-Einstein condensate of photons this sink results in the creation of a so-called radial vortex, which is a two-dimensional analogue of a Schwarzschild black hole. We theoretically investigate the Hawking radiation and the associated greybody factor of this Schwarzschild black hole. In particular, we determine the density-density and velocity-velocity correlation functions of the Hawking radiation, which can be measured by observing the spatial correlations in the fluctuations in the light emitted by the cavity.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2019

Magnetovortical and thermoelectric transport in tilted Weyl metals

We investigate how tilting affects the off-diagonal, dissipationless response of a pair of chirally imbalanced Weyl cones to various external perturbations. The pair of chirally imbalanced Weyl cones can be described as a chiral electron fluid, that can flow with a velocity field that contains vorticity. Upon applying an external magnetic field, we obtain the so-called magnetovortical linear-response matrix that relates electric and heat currents to the magnetic field (chiral magnetic effect) and the vorticity (chiral vortical effect). We show how this reponse matrix becomes anisotropic upon tilting the cones and determine its non-analytic long-wavelength behavior, as well as the corresponding AC response. In addition, we discuss how the tilt dependence of the electronic (or density-density) susceptibility introduces anisotropy in the dispersion relation of the sound-like excitations in the fluid of chiral fermions, which are known as chiral magnetic waves. In the case of an externally applied electric field and a temperature gradient, we find a Hall-like response in the electric and heat current density that is perpendicular to both the tilting direction and the perturbations. As the tilting direction forms a time-reversal symmetry breaking vector, a non-zero (heat) orbital magnetization manifests itself. We calculate the magnetization currents microscopically and elucidate how to subtract these contributions to obtain the transport currents.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2018

Nonrelativistic fermions with holographic interactions and the unitary Fermi gas

We present an alternative way of computing nonrelativistic single-particle spectra from holography. To this end, we introduce a mass gap in a holographic Dirac semimetal and subsequently study the nonrelativistic limit of the resulting spectral functions. We use this method to compute the momentum distributions and the equation of state of our nonrelativistic fermions, of which the latter can be used to extract all thermodynamic properties of the system. We find that our results are universal and reproduce many experimentally and theoretically known features of an ultracold Fermi gas at unitarity.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2018

Nash Equilibria in the Response Strategy of Correlated Games

In nature and society problems arise when different interests are difficult to reconcile, which are modeled in game theory. While most applications assume uncorrelated games, a more detailed modeling is necessary to consider the correlations that influence the decisions of the players. The current theory for correlated games, however, enforces the players to obey the instructions from a third party or "correlation device" to reach equilibrium, but this cannot be achieved for all initial correlations. We extend here the existing framework of correlated games and find that there are other interesting and previously unknown Nash equilibria that make use of correlations to obtain the best payoff. This is achieved by allowing the players the freedom to follow or not to follow the suggestions of the correlation device. By assigning independent probabilities to follow every possible suggestion, the players engage in a response game that turns out to have a rich structure of Nash equilibria that goes beyond the correlated equilibrium and mixed-strategy solutions. We determine the Nash equilibria for all possible correlated Snowdrift games, which we find to be describable by Ising Models in thermal equilibrium. We believe that our approach paves the way to a study of correlations in games that uncovers the existence of interesting underlying interaction mechanisms, without compromising the independence of the players.

physics.soc-ph↗

arXiv2018

Massive Dirac fermions from holography

We provide a framework to compute the dynamics of massive Dirac fermions using holography. To this end we consider two bulk Dirac fermions that are coupled via a Yukawa interaction and propagate on a gravitational background in which a mass deformation is introduced. Moreover, we discuss the incorporation of this approach in semiholography. The resulting undoped fermionic spectral functions indeed show that the Yukawa coupling induces a gap in the holographic spectrum, whereas the semiholographic extension is in general gapped but additionally contains a quantum critical point at which the effective fermion mass vanishes and a topological phase transition occurs. Furthermore, when introducing doping, the fermionic spectral functions show a quantum phase transition between a gapped material and a Fermi liquid.

hep-th↗

arXiv2017

Anisotropic chiral magnetic effect from tilted Weyl cones

We determine the antisymmetric current-current response for a pair of (type I) tilted Weyl cones with opposite chirality. We find that the dynamical chiral magnetic effect depends on the magnitude of the tilt and on the angle between the tilting direction and the wave vector of the magnetic field. Additionally, the chiral magnetic effect is shown to be closely related to the presence of an intrinsic anomalous Hall effect with a current perpendicular to the tilting direction and the electric field. We investigate the nonanalytic long-wavelength limit of the corresponding transport coefficients.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2017

Spin Hall mode in a trapped thermal Rashba gas

We theoretically investigate a two-dimensional harmonically-trapped gas of identical atoms with Rashba spin-orbit coupling and no interatomic interactions. In analogy with the spin Hall effect in uniform space, the gas exhibits a spin Hall mode. In particular, in response to a displacement of the center-of-mass of the system, spin-dipole moment oscillations occur. We determine the properties of these oscillations exactly, and find that their amplitude strongly depends on the spin-orbit coupling strength and the quantum statistics of the particles.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2017

Order parameter fluctuations in the holographic superconductor

We investigate the effect of order parameter fluctuations in the holographic superconductor. In particular, using a fully backreacted bulk geometry, the intrinsic spectral functions of the order parameter in both the normal and the superconducting phase are computed. We also present a vector-like large-$N$ version of the Ginzburg-Landau model that accurately describes our long-wavelength results in both phases. The large-$N$ limit of the latter model explains why the Higgs mode and the second-sound mode are not present in the spectral functions. Our results indicate that the holographic superconductor describes a relativistic multi-component superfluid in the universal regime of the BEC-BCS crossover.

hep-th↗

arXiv2016

Large anomalous magnetic moment in three-dimensional Dirac and Weyl semimetals

We investigate the effect of Coulomb interactions on the electromagnetic response of three-dimensional Dirac and Weyl semimetals. In a calculation reminiscent of Schwinger's seminal work on quantum electrodynamics, we find three physically distinct effects for the anomalous magnetic moment of the relativisticlike quasiparticles in the semimetal. In the case of nonzero doping, the anomalous magnetic moment is finite at long wavelengths and typically orders of magnitude larger than Schwinger's result. We also find interesting effects of one of the three new Hamiltonian terms on the topological surface states at the interface between vacuum and a Weyl semimetal. We conclude that observation of these effects should be within experimental reach.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2016

Theory for Bose-Einstein condensation of light in nano-fabricated semiconductor microcavities

We construct a theory for Bose-Einstein condensation of light in nano-fabricated semiconductor microcavities. We model the semiconductor by one conduction and one valence band which consist of electrons and holes that interact via a Coulomb interaction. Moreover, we incorporate screening effects by using a contact interaction with the scattering length for a Yukawa potential and describe in this manner the crossover from exciton gas to electron-hole plasma as we increase the excitation level of the semiconductor. We then show that the dynamics of the light in the microcavities is damped due to the coupling to the semiconductor. Furthermore, we demonstrate that on the electron-hole plasma side of the crossover, which is relevant for the Bose-Einstein condensation of light, this damping can be described by a single dimensionless damping parameter that depends on the external pumping. Hereafter, we propose to probe the superfluidity of light in these nano-fabricated semiconductor microcavities by making use of the differences in the response in the normal or superfluid phase to a sudden rotation of the trap. In particular, we determine frequencies and damping of the scissors modes that are excited in this manner. Moreover, we show that a distinct signature of the dynamical Casimir effect can be observed in the density-density correlations of the excited light fluid.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2016

Electromagnetic response of interacting Weyl semimetals

We study the electromagnetic properties of Weyl semimetals with strong interactions. Focusing on a single Weyl cone in the band structure, we induce strong interactions by coupling the Weyl fermion with a tunable coupling constant $g_f$ to a quantum critical system. The critical fluctuations are described by a conformal field theory containing fermionic operators with scaling dimension $Δ$. Employing the methods of the holographic correspondence, we then derive the effective theory of the Weyl fermion in the presence of external electric and magnetic fields. In particular, we determine the frequency and momentum-dependent anomalous magnetic moment of the Weyl fermions. We also determine the conductivity of the Weyl semimetal including the vertex corrections consistent with the Ward identity. Finally, we connect our construction to the case of Coulomb interactions in Weyl semimetals by tuning the parameters $Δ\rightarrow 5/2$ and $g_f^2 \rightarrow e/\sqrt{\hbar cε_0$.

hep-th↗

arXiv2015

Hydrodynamic modes of partially condensed Bose mixtures

We generalize the Landau-Khalatnikov hydrodynamic theory for superfluid helium to two-component (binary) Bose mixtures at arbitrary temperatures. In particular, we include the spin-drag terms that correspond to viscous coupling between the clouds. Therefore, our theory not only describes the usual collective modes of the individual components, e.g., first and second sound, but also results in new collective modes, where both constituents participate. We study these modes in detail and present their dispersions using thermodynamic quantities obtained within the Popov approximation.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2015

Towards a field-theory interpretation of bottom-up holography

We investigate recent results for the electrical conductivity and the fermionic self-energy, obtained in a holographic bottom-up model for a relativistic charge-neutral conformal field theory. We present two possible field-theoretic derivations of these results, using either a semiholographic or a holographic point of view. In the semiholographic interpretation, we also show how, in general, the conductivity should be calculated in agreement with Ward identities. The resulting field-theory interpretation may lead to a better understanding of the holographic dictionary in applied AdS/CMT.

hep-th↗

arXiv2015

Spin-heat relaxation and thermo-spin diffusion in atomic Bose and Fermi gases

We study spin-dependent heat transport in quantum gases, focusing on transport phenomena related to pure spin currents and spin-dependent temperatures. Using the Boltzmann equation, we compute the coupled spin and heat transport coefficients as a function of temperature and interaction strength for energy dependent $s$-wave scattering. We address the issue of whether spin-dependent temperatures can be sustained on a time and length scale relevant for experiments by computing the spin-heat relaxation time and diffusion length. We find that the time scale for spin-heat relaxation time diverges at low temperatures for both bosons and fermions, indicating that the concept of spin-heat accumulation is well defined for degenerate gases. For bosons, we find power-law behavior on approach to Bose condensation above the critical temperature, as expected from the theory of dynamical critical phenomena.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2014

Effects of dissipation on the superfluid-Mott-insulator transition of photons

We investigate the superfluid-Mott-insulator transition of a two-dimensional photon gas in a dye-filled optical microcavity and in the presence of a periodic potential. We show that in the random-phase approximation the effects of the dye molecules, which generally lead to dissipation in the photonic system, can be captured by two dimensionless parameters that only depend on dye-specific properties. Within the mean-field approximation, we demonstrate that one of these parameters decreases the size of the Mott lobes in the phase diagram. By considering also Gaussian fluctuations, we show that the coupling with the dye molecules results in a finite lifetime of the quasiparticle and quasihole excitations in the Mott lobes. Moreover, we show that there are number fluctuations in the Mott lobes even at zero temperature and therefore that the true Mott-insulating state never exists if the interactions with the dye are included.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗