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Hai-Jhun Wanng

Publications and source records attributed to Hai-Jhun Wanng.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2019

A quantum description for charged fermions in strong gravitational field

The falling charge puzzle in gravitational field is well known due to the discussions of radiation. The puzzle lies in the heart of linking the electromagnetism and gravity. Up to date few discussions have fully taken account of quantum effect of a falling charged-fermion in strong gravitational field from the first principle. Based on the hypothesis that 4-dimension conformal symmetry may underly its dynamics, in this paper we try to establish a quantum equation for the falling process. The resultant equation provides a manner accounting for the strong CP violation at the beginning of the Big Bang. Moreover, it turns out that the equation for left-handed fermions breaks the conformal symmetry and has a tensor-like eigen value. A proposed experiment for testing the predictions is also suggested.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2015

Structure Group and Fermion-Mass-Term in General Nonlocality

In our previous work [J. Math. Phys. 49, 033513 (2008)] two problems remain to be resolved. One is that we lack a minimal group to replace GL(4,C), the other is that the Equation of Motion (EoM) for fermion has no mass term. After careful investigation we find these two problems are linked by conformal group, a subgroup of GL(4,C) group. The Weyl group, a subgroup of conformal group, can bring about the running of mass, charge etc. while making it responsible for the transformation of interaction vertex. However, once concerning the generation of the mass term in EoM, we have to resort to the whole conformal group, in which the generators $K_μ$ play a crucial role in making vacuum vary from space-like (or light-cone-like)to time-like. Physically the starting points are our previous conclusion, $\vec E^2-\vec B^2\neq 0$ for massive bosons, and the two-photon process yielding $e^+ e^-$ pair. Finally we get to the conclusion that the mass term of strong interaction is linearly relevant to (chromo-)magnetic flux as well as angular momentum.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2015

Scaling Transformation for Nonlocal Interactions

In the light of their relationships with renormalization, in this paper we associate the scaling transformation with nonlocal interactions. On one hand, the association leads us to interpret the nonlocality with locally symmetric method. On the other hand, we find that the nonlocal interaction between hadrons could be test ground for scaling transformation if ascribing the running effects in renormalization to scaling transformation. First we derive directly from group theory the operator/coordinate representation and unitary/spinor representation for scaling transformation, then link them together by inquiring a scaling-invariant interaction vertex mimicking the similar process of Lorentz transformation applied to Dirac equation. The main feature of this paper is that we discuss both the representations in a sole physical frame. The representations correspond respectively to the spatial freedom and the intrinsic freedom of the same quantum system. And the latter is recognized to contribute to spin angular momentum that in literature has never been considered seriously. The nonlocal interaction Lagrangian turns out to vary under scaling transformation, analogous to running cases in renormalization. And the total Lagrangian becomes scale invariant only under some extreme conditions. The conservation law of this extreme Lagrangian is discussed and a contribution named scalum appears to the spin angular momentum. Finally a mechanism is designed to test the scaling effect on nonlocal interaction.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2014

Comment on "General nonlocality in quantum fields"

In this paper, we first incorporate the weak interaction into the theory of General Nonlocality by finding a appropriate metric for it. Accordingly, we suggest the theoretical frame of General Nonlocality as the candidate theory of unifying three microscope interactions in low energy limit. In this unifying scenario, the essential role of photon field is stressed.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2011

Understanding quantum interference in General Nonlocality

In this paper we attempt to give a new understanding of quantum double-slit interference of fermions in the framework of General Nonlocality (GN) [J. Math. Phys. 49, 033513 (2008)] by studying the self-(inter)action of matter wave. From the metric of the GN, we derive a special formalism to interpret the interference contrast when the self-action is perturbative. According to the formalism, the characteristic of interference pattern is in agreement with experiment qualitatively. As examples, we apply the formalism to the cases governed by Schrödinger current and Dirac current respectively, both of which are relevant to topology. The gap between these two cases corresponds to the fermion magnetic moment, which is possible to test in the near future. In addition, a general interference formalism for both perturbative and non-perturbative self-actions is presented. By analyzing the general formalism we predict that in the nonperturbative limit there is no interference at all. And by comparison with the special formalism of Schrödinger current, the coupling strength of self-action in the limit is found to be $\infty$. In the perturbative case, the interference from self-action turns out to be the same as that from standard approach of quantum theory. Then comparing the corresponding coefficients quantitatively we conclude that the coupling strength of self-action in this case falls in the interval $[0,1]$.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2008

On the derivation of an effective Higgs field

In one respect, the massive vector-boson shows its difference from a massless vector-boson by one more physical polarization, known as longitudinal polarization. In another respect, the quantized boson acquires its mass by Higgs mechanism. In this paper we study the effect of the longitudinal polarization in U(1) case by substituting it into the primary Yang-Mills Lagrangian $-\frac 14F_{μν}F^{μν}$. Under a hypothesis of strong transversal condition for free vector boson, it is found that in the Lagrangian the scalar field for the Higgs mechanism can automatically arise after we separate a part equivalent to the contribution of a massless boson. In addition, a criterion is obtained to infer whether the boson is massive or not: if $\mathbf{E}^2-\mathbf{B}^2\neq 0$, where $\mathbf{E}$ and $\mathbf{B}$ are field strengths, then it is massive. The analysis also pertains to SU(2) case. The method in this paper is performed before any quantizations.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2008

The Lorentz Extension as Consequence of the Family Symmetry

In this paper we postulate an algebraic model to explain how the symmetry of three lepton species plays its role in the Lorentz extension. Inspired by the two-to-one mapping between the group SL (2, C) and the Lorentz group, we design a mapping between SL (3, C) group, which displays the family symmetry, and a generalized Lorentz group. Following the conventional method, we apply the mapping results to Dirac equation to discuss its transformation invariance, and it turns out that only when the vertex matrix is extended to the combination can the Dirac-equation-form be reserved. At the same time we find that the Lorentz group has to be extended with an additional generator . The generalized vertex matrix is helpful in understanding the axial-like form of weak interaction and the neutrino oscillations.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2008

Nonlocality III: General Nonlocality in Quantum Fields

The waves of fermions display nonlocality in low energy limit of quantum fields. In this \QTR{it}{ab initio} paper we propose a complex-geometry model that reveals the affection of nonlocality on the interaction between material particles of spin-1/2. To make nonlocal properties appropriately involved in a quantum theory, the special unitary group SU(n) and spinor representation $D^{(1/2,1/2)}$ of Lorentz group are generalized by making complex spaces--which are spanned by wave functions of quantum particles--curved. The curved spaces are described by the geometry used in General Relativity by replacing the real space with complex space and additionally imposing the analytic condition on the space. The field equations for fermions and for bosons are respectively associated with geodesic motion equations and with local curvature of the considered space. The equation for fermions can restore all the terms of quadratic form of Dirac equation. According to the field equation it is found that, for the U(1) field [generalized Quantum Electrodynamics (QED)], when the electromagnetic fields $\vec E$ and $\vec B$ satisfy $\vec E^2-\vec B^2\neq 0$, the bosons will gain masses. In this model, a physical region is empirically defined, which can be characterized by a determinant occurring in boson field equation. Applying the field equation to U(3) field [generalized Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)], the quark-confining property can be understood by carrying out the boundary of physical region.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2007

Quark Confinement and the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect

Working in the physics of Wilson factor and Aharonov-Bohm effect, we find in the fluxtube-quark system the topology of a baryon consisting three heavy flavor quarks resembles that of the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) in condensed matter. This similarity yields the result that the constituent quarks of baryon have the "filling factor" 1/3, thus the previous conjecture that quark confinement is a correlation effect was confirmed. Moreover, by deriving a Hamiltonian of the system analogous to that of FQHE, we predict an energy gap for the ground state of a heavy three-quark system.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2006

Strange meson-nucleon states in the quark potential model

The quark potential model and resonating group method are used to investigate the $\bar{K}N$ bound states and/or resonances. The model potential consists of the t-channel and s-channel one-gluon exchange potentials and the confining potential with incorporating the QCD renormalization correction and the spin-orbital suppression effect in it. It was shown in our previous work that by considering the color octet contribution, use of this model to investigate the $KN$ low energy elastic scattering leads to the results which are in pretty good agreement with the experimental data. In this paper, the same model and method are employed to calculate the masses of the $\bar{K}N$ bound systems. For this purpose, the resonating group equation is transformed into a standard Schrödinger equation in which a nonlocal effective $\bar{K}N$ interaction potential is included. Solving the Schrödinger equation by the variational method, we are able to reproduce the masses of some currently concerned $\bar{K}N$ states and get a view that these states possibly exist as $\bar{K}N$ molecular states. For the $KN$ system, the same calculation gives no support to the existence of the resonance $Θ^{+}(1540)$ which was announced recently.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2006

Understanding entangled spins in QED

The stability of two entangled spins dressed by electrons is studied by calculating the scattering phase shifts. The interaction between electrons is interpreted by fully relativistic QED and the screening effect is described phenomenologically in the Debye exponential form $e^{-αr}$. Our results show that if the (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-) EPR-type states are kept stable under the interaction of QED, the spatial wave function must be parity-dependent. The spin-singlet state $s=0$ and the polarized state $\frac 1{\sqrt{2}}(\mid +-> -\mid -+>)$ along the z-axis\QTR{bf}{\}give rise to two different kinds of phase shifts\QTR{bf}{.} Interestingly, the interaction between electrons in the spin-singlet pair is found to be attractive. Such an attraction could be very useful when we extract the entangled spins from superconductors. A mechanism to filter the entangled spins is also discussed.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2006

Nonlocality I: Nonlocality, singularity, and elastic scattering in quantum fields

Using path integrals we express the quantum nonlocality of AB-effect type in the form of singularity. The gauge-fixing term in path integrals induce the AB effect in ordinary scattering processes. This means that all scattering processes are accompanied by nonlocal effect. The formulae are then extended to theory of fields that additionally include a scalar potential. It turns out that the degree of freedom of nonlocality in quantum fields is just the degree of the ghosts. Furthermore, renormalization method can be related to this type of nonlocal effect.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2005

Nonlocality II: Nonlocality as the dynamical origin of the non-markovian process in quantum isolated system

In the previous paper, it has been proved that elastic scattering processes of two quantum particles are always accompanied with nonlocal processes. Furthermore, it is found that setting an additional Hamiltonian after the originally scattering one can help to describe the two type of processes in a united frame. Here we discuss the contribution of this additional Hamiltonian to irreversible process in isolated quantum systems. The use of the Hamiltonian can induce the non-Markovian Langevin equation, showing a complex memory effect, and thus revealing the irreversible essence of isolated system without appealing to reservoir or approximate methods (e.g. coarse grain) as usually done.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2005

Renormalization of the Sigma-Omega model within the framework of U(1) gauge symmetry

It is shown that the Sigma-Omega model which is widely used in the study of nuclear relativistic many-body problem can exactly be treated as an Abelian massive gauge field theory. The quantization of this theory can perfectly be performed by means of the general methods described in the quantum gauge field theory. Especially, the local U(1) gauge symmetry of the theory leads to a series of Ward-Takahashi identities satisfied by Green's functions and proper vertices. These identities form an uniquely correct basis for the renormalization of the theory. The renormalization is carried out in the mass-dependent momentum space subtraction scheme and by the renormalization group approach. With the aid of the renormalization boundary conditions, the solutions to the renormalization group equations are given in definite expressions without any ambiguity and renormalized S-matrix elememts are exactly formulated in forms as given in a series of tree diagrams provided that the physical parameters are replaced by the running ones. As an illustration of the renormalization procedure, the one-loop renormalization is concretely carried out and the results are given in rigorous forms which are suitable in the whole energy region. The effect of the one-loop renormalization is examined by the two-nucleon elastic scattering.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2004

KN and KbarN Elastic Scattering in the Quark Potential Model

The KN and KbarN low-energy elastic scattering is consistently studied in the framework of the QCD-inspired quark potential model. The model is composed of the t-channel one-gluon exchange potential, the s-channel one-gluon exchange potential and the harmonic oscillator confinement potential. By means of the resonating group method, nonlocal effective interaction potentials for the KN and KbarN systems are derived and used to calculate the KN and KbarN elastic scattering phase shifts. By considering the effect of QCD renormalization, the contribution of the color octet of the clusters (qqbar) and (qqq) and the suppression of the spin-orbital coupling, the numerical results are in fairly good agreement with the experimental data.

hep-ph↗