arXiv subjects

Haiwang Li

Publications and source records attributed to Haiwang Li.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

A Wall Function for Turbulent Boundary Layers under Rotation via Symbolic Regression

This study employs symbolic regression to derive physically interpretable, white-box wall-function expressions for turbulent boundary layers under system rotation. Flows in a rotating frame are subject to Coriolis forces, which deflect the boundary layer profile from static case. The classical law of the wall, formulated under non-rotating conditions, is ill-suited to describing the effects of rotation. To obtain the wall function under rotation, we examine the deflection behavior of the turbulent boundary layers on the leading and trailing sides, and construct wall functions that are valid over a wide range of rotation numbers. The analytical expressions show that, as the rotation effect intensifies, the boundary layer on the leading side contracts whereas that on the trailing side expands, and the leading side exhibits a tendency towards relaminarization, consistent with high-fidelity numerical results. The resulting symbolic expressions are compact and interpretable. The wall functions obtained in this study complement conventional wall functions, and provide a new avenue for turbulence model closure subject to system rotation.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2024

Heat transfer enhancement by mist/air two-phase flow in a high-temperature channel

Mist/air two-phase flow is a promising cooling technique for many applications such as internal cooling of gas turbine blades. A significant enhancement of heat transfer can be achieved with a low mass fraction of droplets by utilizing the latent heat of the droplets. Using newly designed atomizers to accurately control the mist droplets, this study experimentally explores the heat transfer performance of mist/air flow in a high-temperature channel with a maximum temperature of 880 K. The effects of the mist/air mass ratio, droplet size, Reynolds number, and wall heat flux are studied. The results show that the cooling performance of the test section can be significantly improved by even adding a small amount of droplets. Considering mist droplets of different sizes, larger droplets can cause more remarkable temperature reduction, while smaller droplets can improve the uniformity of temperature distribution. For large droplets, the cooling effect in the upstream is more obvious than that in the downstream due to the interaction between the wall and the droplets, and with the increase of mist/air mass ratio, the area with obvious cooling extends downstream. The performance of mist/air cooling is tested by increasing the heat flux until the maximum temperature at the outlet reaches a predetermined value. Compared with air-only cooling, the increment in the wall heat flux by the mist/air cooling with a mass ratio of 3% can be up to 18.4%.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2023

Investigation on the Compressibility Characteristics of Low Mach Number Laminar Flow in Rotating Channel

In high-speed rotating channels, significant compressive effects are observed, resulting in distinct flow characteristics compared to incompressible flows. In this study, we employed a finite volume method based on the simple algorithm to solve for low-speed compressible laminar flow within rotating channels using an orthogonal uniform grid. The governing equations include the full Navier-Stokes equations and the energy equation. Contrary to stationary channel, the alterations in flow within rotating channel are primarily influenced by the compressive effects of centrifugal force and the compressibility of fluid within the flow's normal section. The first effect involves a reduction in the velocity due to centrifugal force, leading to an increasing influence of the Coriolis force compared to inertial forces along the flow direction. This trend in axial changes aligns closely with the increase in rotation speed. The second effect arises from the increase in Mach number and the Coriolis compression, resulting in slight density differences within the cross-section. Strong centrifugal forces generate significant centrifugal additional force (buoyancy force). Consequently, under the same local rotation number, the velocity profiles of the mainstream experience considerable changes. Additionally, higher Mach number significantly impact wall shear stress, with the leading side being notably affected. For instance, at a cross-sectional Ro = 0.6 and Ma = 0.035, the dimensionless shear stress on the leading side decreased by 13%. Furthermore, while an increase in Mach number has minimal impact on the cross-sectional secondary flow structure, changes in mainstream velocity profiles influence secondary flow intensity, resulting in an enhanced velocity peak and a shift towards the trailing side.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2023

Study of the Effect of a Novel Dimensionless Parameter -- the Centrifugal Work Number(CW), on Spanwise Rotating channel Low-speed Compressible Flow

In the study of rotating channel flow, the key dimensionless parameters typically include the Reynolds number, rotation number, Prandtl number and buoyancy number. Our research focused on comparing the flow characteristics between the enlarged model, analyzed under the rotating similarity theory, and the original channel flow. Significantly different flow behaviors were observed between these two cases. Through theoretical derivation and dimensional analysis, we identified a new significant parameter - the centrifugal work number (CW). This parameter characterizes the ratio of centrifugal work to gas enthalpy in the rotating channel and plays a crucial role in measuring the compressibility of fluids within the rotating channel. Additionally, we utilized large eddy simulation(LES) to validate the impact of the centrifugal work ratio on the flow state of the rotating channel, thus enhancing the similarity theory of rotating channel compressible flow.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2023

High-order Discontinuity Detection Physics-Informed Neural Network

In order to solve the problem of the difficult direct measurement of temperature field in fluid machinery under high-speed compressible conditions, this study combines high-order finite difference numerical format, Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO) discontinuity detection, and traditional Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) to develop a high-order discontinuity detection PINN (Hodd-PINN) that can achieve temperature field inversion with a small number of measurement points. When dealing with pure convection problems, Hodd-PINN introduces a 7th-order discretization for the convection term, reducing an additional 9.7% error compared to traditional low-order discretization methods. When dealing with pure diffusion problems, Hodd-PINN introduces an 8th-order discretization for the diffusion term, reducing an additional 12.8% error compared to traditional low-order discretization methods. In addition, this paper develops a loss function based on WENO discontinuity detection technology, which helps eliminate false discontinuities, allowing Hodd-PINN to successfully identify sparse waves that are easily overlooked in PINN's predicted results, reducing the error by 24.2%. Through extensive testing, this paper points out that the Hodd-PINN, which incorporates high-order discretization and discontinuity detection technology, can further reduce the prediction error of PINN, effectively reducing the data requirement, and can effectively solve the problem of false discontinuities. This method has important value for the inversion of temperature and velocity fields in fluid machinery under high-speed compressible conditions.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2022

Temperature and Velocity Characteristics of Rotating Turbulent Boundary Layers Under Non-Isothermal Conditions

This paper describes an experimental investigation, by means of hot-wire anemometry, of the characteristics of velocity and temperature in a rotating turbulent boundary layer under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. The ranges of experimental parameters are: Reynolds number from 10000 to 25000, rotational speed from 0 to 150 rpm, and y+ from 1.8 to 100. The relative temperature difference is held constant at 0.1. Detailed velocity and temperature distributions in the boundary layer are measured in the rotating state, and a new criterion for boundary layer segmentation under rotation is proposed. The applicability of boundary layer theory under the rotating state is extended. The influence of Coriolis force and buoyancy on the velocity and temperature distributions in the turbulent boundary layers are analyzed. Coriolis force is found to play an important role in the behavior of the boundary layer under rotation, as it shifts the velocity and temperature boundary layers. Under isothermal conditions, such effects can be classified according to the dominant force: viscous, Coriolis, or inertial. Under non-isothermal conditions, buoyancy occurs. The buoyancy induced by the Coriolis force suppresses the effect of the Coriolis force, and the suppression effect increases with temperature difference. The variation of turbulent Prandtl number Prt under rotation is also obtained.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2021

Construction method for general phenomenological RANS turbulence model

This paper proposes a phenomenological Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) calculation model based on physical constraints. In this model part of the source terms in the e equation was replaced with the deep learning model, using the standard k-e model as a template. The simulation results of this model achieved a high error reduction of 51.7 % compared to the standard k-e model. To improve the adaptability and accuracy compared to the convergence of the abnormal flow regime, the coordinate technology proposed in this study was used in the modelling process. For the training data, the k-field and e-field were automatically corrected using this approach when the flow state deviated from the theoretical assumption. Based on the coordinate technology, a deep learning model for the source term of the equation was built, and the simulation error was reduced by 6.2 % compared to the uncoordinated one. From the results, the proposed coordinate technology can effectively be adapted to the underdeveloped flow state and assist in the more accurately modelling of the phenomenological RANS calculation model under a complex flow state.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2019

Experimental investigation of turbulent flow in a two-pass channel with different U-turn

In this paper, the TR-PIV method is used to study the internal flow field characteristics in U-shaped channels. The Reynolds number, based on the square cross section channel hydraulic diameter is 8888,13333 and 17777. Mean flow, Reynolds stress and POD are taken into consideration to investigate the flow characteristic with three different turning sections. Through analysis, a series of important conclusions have been drawn. For the main flow, the structure of turning sections has obvious influence on the characteristics of flow field. The size and number of vortices in the corner area are significantly reduced, because the increase in Reynolds number makes the influx impact stronger. It can be seen from the Reynolds stress distribution which is obviously different in different turning sections that the pulsation caused by the mixing of the main flow and the vortex is obviously stronger than that at the boundary. The flow at the turning section is complex, the distribution of the proportion of turbulent kinetic energy in the low-order mode is relatively gentle, and there is an obvious wavy structure at the turning section of the inner circle and outer circular passage, which matches the velocity field from the POD.

physics.flu-dyn↗