arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Haiwen Zhang.
Consider the inverse problem of scattering of time-harmonic acoustic waves by an inhomogeneous medium with complex refractive index. We show that an approximate factorization method can be applied to reconstruct the support of the complex inhomogeneous medium from the far-field data. Numerical examples are also provided to illustrate the practicability of the inversion algorithm.
This paper is concerned with inverse scattering of plane waves by a locally perturbed infinite plane (which is called a locally rough surface) with the modulus of the total-field data (also called the phaseless near-field data) at a fixed frequency in two dimensions. We consider the case where a Dirichlet boundary condition is imposed on the locally rough surface. This problem models inverse scattering of plane acoustic waves by a one-dimensional sound-soft, locally rough surface; it also models inverse scattering of plane electromagnetic waves by a locally perturbed, perfectly reflecting, infinite plane in the TE polarization case. We prove that the locally rough surface is uniquely determined by the phaseless near-field data generated by a countably infinite number of plane waves and measured on an open domain above the locally rough surface. Further, a direct imaging method is proposed to reconstruct the locally rough surface from the phaseless near-field data generated by plane waves and measured on the upper part of the circle with a sufficiently large radius. Theoretical analysis of the imaging algorithm is derived by making use of properties of the scattering solution and results from the theory of oscillatory integrals (especially the method of stationary phase). Moreover, as a by-product of the theoretical analysis, a similar direct imaging method with full far-field data is also proposed to reconstruct the locally rough surface. Finally, numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate that the imaging algorithm with phaseless near-field data and full far-field data are fast, accurate and very robust with respect to noise in the data.
This paper is concerned with uniqueness in inverse acoustic scattering with phaseless far-field data at a fixed frequency. In our previous work ({\em SIAM J. Appl. Math. \bf78} (2018), 1737-1753), by utilizing spectral properties of the far-field operator we proved for the first time that the obstacle and the index of refraction of an inhomogeneous medium can be uniquely determined by the phaseless far-field patterns generated by infinitely many sets of superpositions of two plane waves with different directions at a fixed frequency under the a priori assumption that the obstacle is known to be a sound-soft or non-absorbing impedance obstacle and the index of refraction $n$ of the inhomogeneous medium is real-valued and satisfies that either $n-1\ge c_1$ or $n-1\le-c_1$ in the support of $n-1$ for some positive constant $c_1$. In this paper, we remove the a priori assumption on the obstacle and the index of refraction of the inhomogeneous medium by adding a reference ball to the scattering system together with a simpler method of using Rellich's lemma and Green's representation formula for the scattering solutions. Further, our new method is also used to prove uniqueness in determining a locally rough surface from the phaseless far-field patterns corresponding to infinitely many sets of superpositions of two plane waves with different directions as the incident fields at a fixed frequency.
This paper is concerned with the inverse obstacle scattering problem with phaseless far-field data at a fixed frequency. The main difficulty of this problem is the so-called translation invariance property of the modulus of the far-field pattern or the phaseless far-field pattern generated by one plane wave as the incident field, which means that the location of the obstacle can not be recovered from such phaseless far-field data at a fixed frequency. It was recently proved in our previous work \cite{XZZ18} that the obstacle can be uniquely determined by the phaseless far-field patterns generated by infinitely many sets of superpositions of two plane waves with different directions at a fixed frequency if the obstacle is a priori known to be a sound-soft or an impedance obstacle with real-valued impedance function. The purpose of this paper is to develop a direct imaging algorithm to reconstruct the location and shape of the obstacle from the phaseless far-field data corresponding to infinitely many sets of superpositions of two plane waves with a fixed frequency as the incident fields. Our imaging algorithm only involves the calculation of the products of the measurement data with two exponential functions at each sampling point and is thus fast and easy to implement. Further, the proposed imaging algorithm does not need to know the type of boundary conditions on the obstacle in advance and is capable to reconstruct multiple obstacles with different boundary conditions. Numerical experiments are also carried out to illustrate that our imaging method is stable, accurate and robust to noise.
This paper is concerned with the inverse scattering problem by an unbounded rough surface. A direct imaging method is proposed to reconstruct the rough surface from the scattered near-field Cauchy data generating by point sources and measured on a horizontal straight line segment at a finite distance above the rough surface. Theoretical analysis of the imaging algorithm is given for the case of a penetrable rough surface, but the imaging algorithm also works for impenetrable surfaces with Dirichlet or impedance boundary conditions. Numerical experiments are presented to show that the direct imaging algorithm is fast, accurate and very robust with respect to noise in the data.
This paper is concerned with the inverse scattering problem of time-harmonic elastic waves by an unbounded rigid rough surface. A direct imaging method is developed to reconstruct the unbounded rough surface from the elastic scattered near-field Cauchy data generated by point sources. A Helmholtz-Kirchhoff-type identity is derived and then used to provide a theoretical analysis of the direct imaging algorithm. Numerical experiments are presented to show that the direct imaging algorithm is fast, accurate and robust with respect to noise in the data.
This paper is concerned with the inverse time-harmonic elastic scattering problem of recovering unbounded rough surfaces in two dimensions. We assume that elastic plane waves with different directions are incident onto a rigid rough surface in a half plane. The elastic scattered field is measured on a horizontal straight line segment within a finite distance above the rough surface. A direct imaging algorithm is proposed to recover the unbounded rough surface from the scattered near-field data, which involves only inner products between the data. Numerical experiments are presented to show that the inversion scheme is not only efficient but also accurate and robust with respect to noise.
This paper is concerned with uniqueness in inverse acoustic scattering with phaseless far-field data at a fixed frequency. The main difficulty of this problem is the so-called translation invariance property of the modulus of the far-field pattern generated by one plane wave as the incident field. Based on our previous work (J. Comput. Phys. 345 (2017), 58-73), the translation invariance property of the phaseless far-field pattern can be broken by using infinitely many sets of superpositions of two plane waves as the incident fields at a fixed frequency. In this paper, we prove that the obstacle and the index of refraction of an inhomogeneous medium can be uniquely determined by the phaseless far-field patterns generated by infinitely many sets of superpositions of two plane waves with different directions at a fixed frequency under the condition that the obstacle is a priori known to be a sound-soft or non-absorbing impedance obstacle and the index of refraction $n$ of the inhomogeneous medium is real-valued and satisfies that either $n-1\ge c_1$ or $n-1\le-c_1$ in the support of $n-1$ for some positive constant $c_1$. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first uniqueness result in inverse scattering with phaseless far-field data. Our proofs are based essentially on the limit of the normalized eigenvalues of the far-field operators which is also established in this paper by using a factorization of the far-field operators.
This paper considers the inverse problem of scattering of time-harmonic acoustic and electromagnetic plane waves by a bounded, inhomogeneous, penetrable obstacle with embedded objects inside. A new method is proposed to prove that the inhomogeneous penetrable obstacle can be uniquely determined from the far-field pattern at a fixed frequency, disregarding its contents. Our method is based on constructing a well-posed interior transmission problem in a small domain associated with the Helmholtz or modified Helmholtz equation and the Maxwell or modified Maxwell equations. A key role is played by the smallness of the domain which ensures that the lowest transmission eigenvalue is large so that a given wave number k is not an eigenvalue of the interior transmission problem. Another ingredient in our proofs is a priori estimates of solutions to the transmission scattering problems with data in Lp (1<p<2), which are established in this paper by using the integral equation method. A main feature of the new method is that it can deal with the acoustic and electromagnetic cases in a unified way and can be easily applied to deal with inverse scattering by unbounded rough interfaces.
It is well known that the modulus of the far-field pattern (or phaseless far-field pattern) is invariant under translations of the scattering obstacle if only one plane wave is used as the incident field, so the shape but not the location of the obstacle can be recovered from the phaseless far-field data. In this paper, it is proved that the translation invariance property of the phaseless far-field pattern can be broken if superpositions of two plane waves are used as the incident fields for all wave numbers in a finite interval. Based on this, a recursive Newton-type iteration algorithm in frequencies is then developed to recover both the location and the shape of the obstacle simultaneously from multi-frequency phaseless far-field data. Numerical examples are also carried out to illustrate the validity of the approach and the effectiveness of the inversion algorithm.
This paper is concerned with a nonlinear imaging problem, which aims to reconstruct a locally perturbed, perfectly reflecting, infinite plane from intensity-only (or phaseless) far-field or near-field data. A recursive Newton iteration algorithm in frequencies is developed to reconstruct the locally rough surface from multi-frequency intensity-only far-field or near-field data, where the fast integral equation solver developed in [39] is used to solve the direct scattering problem in each iteration. For the case with far-field data, a main feature of our work is that the incident field is taken as a superposition of two plane waves with different directions rather than one plane wave, so the location and shape of the local perturbation of the infinite plane can be reconstructed simultaneously from intensity-only far-field data with multiple wave numbers. This is different from previous work on inverse scattering from phaseless far-field data, where only the shape reconstruction was considered due to the translation invariance property of the phaseless far-field pattern corresponding to one plane wave as the incident field. Finally, numerical examples are carried out to demonstrate that our reconstruction algorithm is stable and accurate even for the case of multiple-scale profiles.
This paper is concerned with the direct and inverse acoustic or electromagnetic scattering problems by a locally perturbed, perfectly reflecting, infinite plane (which is called a locally rough surface in this paper). We propose a novel integral equation formulation for the direct scattering problem which is defined on a bounded curve (consisting of a bounded part of the infinite plane containing the local perturbation and the lower part of a circle) with two corners. This novel integral equation can be solved efficiently by using the Nystrom method with a graded mesh introduced previously by Kress and is capable of dealing with large wavenumber cases. For the inverse problem, we propose a Newton iteration method to reconstruct the local perturbation of the plane from multiple frequency far-field data, based on the novel integral equation formulation. Numerical examples are carried out to demonstrate that our reconstruction method is stable and accurate even for the case of multiple-scale profiles.
This paper is concerned with the inverse problem of scattering of time-harmonic acoustic waves from a penetrable and buried obstacles. By introducing a related transmission scattering problem, a Newton iteration method is proposed to simultaneously reconstruct both the penetrable interface and the buried obstacle inside from far-field data. A main feature of our method is that we do not need to know the type of boundary conditions on the buried obstacle. In particular, the boundary condition on the buried obstacle can also be determined simultaneously by the method. Finally, numerical examples using multi-frequency data are carried out to illustrate the effectiveness of our method.