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Hatem Zaag

Publications and source records attributed to Hatem Zaag.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Classification of the blow-up behavior for a semilinear wave equation with nonconstant degenerate coefficients

We consider a nonlinear wave equation with nonconstant coefficients. In particular, the coefficient in front of the second order space derivative is degenerate. We give the blow-up behavior and the regularity of the blow-up set. Partial results are given at the origin, where the degeneracy occurs. Some nontrivial obstacles, due to the nonconstant speed of propagation, have to be surmounted.

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Feedback controllability for blowup points of heat equation

This paper concerns a controllability problem for blowup points on heat equation. It can be described as follows: In the absence of control, the solution to the linear heat system globally exists in a bounded domain $Ω$. While, for a given time $T>0$ and a point $a$ in this domain, we find a feedback control, which is acted on an internal subset $ω$ of this domain, such that the corresponding solution to this system blows up at time $T$ and holds unique point $a$. We show that $a\in ω$ can be the unique blowup point of the corresponding solution with a certain feedback control, and for any feedback control, $a\in Ω\setminus \overlineω$ could not be the unique blowup point.

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Diffusion-induced blowup solutions for the shadow limit model of a singular Gierer-Meinhardt system

In the current paper, we provide a thorough investigation of the blowing up behaviour induced via diffusion of the solution of the following non local problem \begin{equation*} \left\{\begin{array}{rcl} \partial_t u &=& Δu - u + \displaystyle{\frac{u^p}{ \left(\mathop{\,\rlap{-}\!\!\int}\nolimits_Ωu^r dr \right)^γ}}\quad\text{in}\quad Ω\times (0,T), \\[0.2cm] \frac{ \partial u}{ \partial ν} & = & 0 \text{ on } Γ= \partial Ω\times (0,T),\\ u(0) & = & u_0, \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} where $Ω$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^N$ with smooth boundary $\partial Ω;$ such problem is derived as the shadow limit of a singular Gierer-Meinhardt system, cf. \cite{KSN17, NKMI2018}. Under the Turing type condition $$ \frac{r}{p-1} < \frac{N}{2}, γr \ne p-1, $$ we construct a solution which blows up in finite time and only at an interior point $x_0$ of $Ω,$ i.e. $$ u(x_0, t) \sim (θ^*)^{-\frac{1}{p-1}} \left[κ(T-t)^{-\frac{1}{p-1}} \right], $$ where $$ θ^* := \lim_{t \to T} \left(\mathop{\,\rlap{-}\!\!\int}\nolimits_Ωu^r dr \right)^{- γ} \text{ and } κ= (p-1)^{-\frac{1}{p-1}}. $$ More precisely, we also give a description on the final asymptotic profile at the blowup point $$ u(x,T) \sim ( θ^* )^{-\frac{1}{p-1}} \left[ \frac{(p-1)^2}{8p} \frac{|x-x_0|^2}{ |\ln|x-x_0||} \right]^{ -\frac{1}{p-1}} \text{ as } x \to 0, $$ and thus we unveil the form of the Turing patterns occurring in that case due to driven-diffusion instability. The applied technique for the construction of the preceding blowing up solution mainly relies on the approach developed in \cite{MZnon97} and \cite{DZM3AS19}.

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Discontinuous Galerkin method for blow-up solutions of nonlinear 1D wave equations

We develop and study a time-space discrete discontinuous Galerkin finite elements method to approximate the solution of one-dimensional nonlinear wave equations. We show that the numerical scheme is stable if a nonuniform time mesh is considered. We also investigate the blow-up phenomena and we prove that under weak convergence assumptions, the numerical blow-up time tends toward the theoretical one. The validity of our results is confirmed throughout several numerical examples and benchmarks.

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Behavior rigidity near non-isolated blow-up points for the semilinear heat equation

We consider the semilinear heat equation with Sobolev subcritical power nonlinearity in dimension $N=2$, and $u(x,t)$ a solution which blows up in finite time $T$. Given a non isolated blow-up point $a$, we assume that the Taylor expansion of the solution near $(a,T)$ obeys some degenerate situation labeled by some even integer $m(a)\ge 4$. If we have a sequence $a_n \to a$ as $n\to \infty$, we show after a change of coordinates and the extraction of a subsequence that either $a_{n,1}-a_1 = o((a_{n,2}-a_2)^2)$ or $|a_{n,1}-a_1||a_{n,2}-a_2|^{-β} |\log|a_{n,2}-a_2||^{-α} \to L> 0$ for some $L>0$, %up to extracting a subsequence still denoted the same, where $α$ and $β$ enjoy a finite number of rational values with $β\in(0,2]$ and $L$ is a solution of a polynomial equation depending on the coefficients of the Taylor expansion of the solution. If $m(a)=4$, then $α=0$ and either $β=3/2$ or $β=2$.

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The blow-up rate for a non-scaling invariant semilinear wave equations in higher dimensions

We consider the semilinear wave equation $$\partial_t^2 u -Δu =f(u), \quad (x,t)\in \mathbb R^N\times [0,T),\qquad (1)$$ with $f(u)=|u|^{p-1}u\log^a (2+u^2)$, where $p>1$ and $a\in \mathbb R$, with subconformal power nonlinearity. We will show that the blow-up rate of any singular solution of (1) is given by the ODE solution associated with $(1)$, The result in one space dimension, has been proved in \cite{HZjmaa2020}. Our goal here is to extend this result to higher dimensions.

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Single point blow-up and final profile for a perturbed nonlinear heat equation with a gradient and a non-local term

We consider in this paper a perturbation of the standard semilinear heat equation by a term involving the space derivative and a non-local term. In some earlier work (Abdelhedi-Zaag JDE 2021), we constructed a blow-up solution for that equation, and showed that it blows up (at least) at the origin. We also derived the so called "intermediate blow-up profile". In this paper, we prove the single point blow-up property and determine the final blow-up profile.

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A Turing mechanism in order to explain the patchy nature of Crohn's disease

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that is not well understood. In particular, unlike other IBDs, the inflamed parts of the intestine compromise deep layers of the tissue and are not continuous but separated and distributed through the whole gastrointestinal tract, displaying a patchy inflammatory pattern. In the present paper, we introduce a toy-model which might explain the appearance of such patterns. We consider a reaction-diffusion system involving bacteria and phagocyte and prove that, under certain conditions, this system might reproduce an activator-inhibitor dynamic leading to the occurrence of Turing-type instabilities. In other words, we prove the existence of stable stationary solutions that are spatially periodic and do not vanish in time. We also propose a set of parameters for which the system exhibits such phenomena and compare it with realistic parameters found in the literature. This is the first time, as far as we know, that a Turing pattern is investigated in inflammatory models.

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Construction of a blow-up solution for a perturbed nonlinear heat equation with a gradient and a non-local term

We consider in this paper a perturbation of the standard semilinear heat equation by a term involving the space derivative and a non-local term. We prove the existence of a blow-up solution, and give its blow-up profile. Our proof relies on the following method: we linearize the equation (in similarity variables) around the expected profile, then, we control the nonpositive directions of the spectrum thanks to the decreasing properties of the kernel. Finally, we use a topological argument to control the positive directions of the spectrum.

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The blow-up rate for a non-scaling invariant semilinear wave equations

We consider the semilinear wave equation $$\partial_t^2 u -Δu =f(u), \quad (x,t)\in \mathbb{R}^N\times [0,T),\qquad (1)$$ with $f(u)=|u|^{p-1}u\log^a (2+u^2)$, where $p>1$ and $a\in \mathbb{R}$. We show an upper bound for any blow-up solution of (1). Then, in the one space dimensional case, using this estimate and the logarithmic property, we prove that the exact blow-up rate of any singular solution of (1) is given by the ODE solution associated with $(1)$, namely $u'' =|u|^{p-1}u\log^a (2+u^2)$ Unlike the pure power case ($g(u)=|u|^{p-1}u$) the difficulties here are due to the fact that equation (1) is not scale invariant.

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Profile of touch-down solution to a nonlocal MEMS model

In this paper, we are interested in the mathematical model of MEMS devices which is presented by the following equation on $(0,T) \times Ω:$ \begin{eqnarray*} \partial_t u = Δu +\displaystyle \frac{λ}{ (1-u)^2 \left( 1 +\displaystyle γ\int_Ω \frac{1}{1-u} dx \right)^2}, \quad 0 \leq u <1, \end{eqnarray*} where $Ω$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $λ, γ> 0$. In this work, we have succeeded to construct a solution which quenches in finite time T only at one interior point $a \in Ω$. In particular, we give a description of the quenching behavior according to the following final profile $$ 1 - u(x,T) \sim θ^*\left[ \frac{|x-a|^2}{|\ln|x-a||} \right]^\frac{1}{3} \text{ as } x \to a, θ^* > 0.$$ The construction relies on some connection between the quenching phemonenon and the blowup phenomenon. More precisely, we change our problem to the construction of a blowup solution for a related PDE and describe its behavior. The proof relies on two main steps: A reduction to a finite dimensional problem and a topological argument based on Index theory. The highlight of this work is that we handle the nonlocal integral term in the above equation. The interpretation of the finite dimensional parameters in terms of the blowup point and the blowup time allows to derive the stability of the constructed solution with respect to initial data.

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Prescribing the center of mass of a multi-soliton solution for a perturbed semilinear wave equation

We construct a finite-time blow-up solution for a class of strongly perturbed semilinear wave equation with an isolated characteristic point in one space dimension. Given any integer $k\ge 2$ and $ζ_0 \in \mathbb{R}$, we construct a blow-up solution with a characteristic point $a$, such that the asymptotic behavior of the solution near $(a,T(a))$ shows a decoupled sum of $k$ solitons with alternate signs, whose centers (in the hyperbolic geometry) have $ζ_0$ as a center of mass, for all times. Although the result is similar to the unperturbed case in its statement, our method is new. Indeed, our perturbed equation is not invariant under the Lorentz transform, and this requires new ideas. In fact, the main difficulty in this paper is to prescribe the center of mass $ζ_0 \in \mathbb{R}$. We would like to mention that our method is valid also in the unperturbed case, and simplifies the original proof by Côte and Zaag \cite{CZcpam13}, as far as the center of mass prescription is concerned.

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Construction and Stability of type I blowup solutions for non-variational semilinear parabolic systems

We consider in this note the semilinear heat system $$\partial_t u = Δu + f(v), \quad \partial_t v = μΔv + g(u), \quad μ> 0,$$ where the nonlinearity has no gradient structure taking of the particular form $$f(v) = v|v|^{p-1} \quad \text{and}\quad g(u) = u|u|^{q-1} \quad \text{with} \quad p, q > 1, $$ or $$f(v) = e^{pv}\quad \text{and} \quad g(u) = e^{qu} \quad \text{with} \quad p,q > 0.$$ We exhibit type I blowup solutions for this system and give a precise description of its blowup profiles. The method relies on two-step procedure: the reduction of the problem to a finite dimensional one via a spectral analysis, then solving the finite dimensional problem by a classical topological argument based on index theory. As a consequence of our technique, the constructed solutions are stable under a small perturbation of initial data. The results and the main arguments presented in this note can be found in our papers [Ann. IHP 2018] and [JDEs 2018].

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Construction of type I blowup solutions for a higher order semilinear parabolic equation

We consider the higher-order semilinear parabolic equation $$ \partial_t u = -(-Δ)^{m} u + u|u|^{p-1}, $$ in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^N$, where $p > 1$ and $m \geq 1$ is an odd integer. We exhibit type I non self-similar blowup solutions for this equation and obtain a sharp description of its asymptotic behavior. The method of construction relies on the spectral analysis of a non self-adjoint linearized operator in an appropriate scaled variables setting. In view of known spectral and sectorial properties of the linearized operator obtained by [Galaktionov, rspa2011], we revisit the technique developed by [Merle-Zaag, duke1997] for the classical case $m = 1$, which consists in two steps: the reduction of the problem to a finite dimensional one, then solving the finite dimensional problem by a classical topological argument based on the index theory. Our analysis provides a rigorous justification of a formal result in [Galaktionov, rspa2011].

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Blowup solutions for a reaction-diffusion system with exponential nonlinearities

We consider the following parabolic system whose nonlinearity has no gradient structure: $$\left\{\begin{array}{ll} \partial_t u = Δu + e^{pv}, \quad & \partial_t v = μΔv + e^{qu}, u(\cdot, 0) = u_0, \quad & v(\cdot, 0) = v_0, \end{array}\right. \quad p, q, μ> 0, $$ in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^N$. We show the existence of a stable blowup solution and obtain a complete description of its singularity formation. The construction relies on the reduction of the problem to a finite dimensional one and a topological argument based on the index theory to conclude. In particular, our analysis uses neither the maximum principle nor the classical methods based on energy-type estimates which are not supported in this system. The stability is a consequence of the existence proof through a geometrical interpretation of the quantities of blowup parameters whose dimension is equal to the dimension of the finite dimensional problem.

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Construction of a blow-up solution for the Complex Ginzburg-Landau equation in some critical case

We construct a solution for the Complex Ginzburg-Landau equation in some critical case, which blows up in finite time $T$ only at one blow-up point. We also give a sharp description of its profile. The proof relies on the reduction of the problem to a finite dimensional one, and the use of index theory to conclude. The interpretation of the parameters of the finite dimension problem in terms of the blow-up point and time allows to prove the stability of the constructed solution.

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Blow-up solutions to the semilinear wave equation with a stylized pyramid as a blow-up surface

We consider the semilinear wave equation with subconformal power nonlinearity in two space dimensions. We construct a finite-time blow-up solution with an isolated characteristic blow-up point at the origin, and a blow-up surface which is centered at the origin and has the shape of a stylized pyramid, whose edges follow the bisectrices of the axes in $R^2$. The blow-up surface is differentiable outside the bisecrtices. As for the asymptotic behavior in similariy variables, the solution converges to the classical one-dimensional soliton outside the bisectrices. On the bisectrices outside the origin, it converges (up to a subsequence) to a genuinely two-dimensional stationary solution, whose existence is a by-product of the proof. At the origin, it behaves like the sum of 4 solitons localized on the two axes, with opposite signs for neighbors. This is the first example of a blow-up solution with a characteristic point in higher dimensions, showing a really two-dimensional behavior. Moreover, the points of the bisectrices outside the origin give us the first example of non-characteristic points where the blow-up surface is non-differentiable.

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