arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Hechun Zhang.
We investigate matrices with entries in a number field such that some positive power has all its entries in the corresponding ring of integers. Our work generalizes previous results in several directions and we find applications to numerical semigroups.
This paper is devoted to the study of the centralizer and the clifforder of matrices over a field $\mathbb{F}$ of characteristic zero, together with the quasi-commutative relations between them. Several new notions are introduced, including polynomial equivalence, odd polynomial equivalence, $q$-polynomial equivalence, the clifforder of a matrix, balanced matrices, and $\omega$-equivalence. We also define the $k$-th annihilator of a matrix and the $k$-fold composition of the adjoint operator. Using these concepts, we extend the classical double centralizer theorem to a broader framework, showing that the classical case arises as a special instance. For balanced (including nilpotent) matrices, we prove that their clifforders coincide if and only if they are odd polynomial equivalence. Moreover, we provide another proof of a theorem of H. S. A. Potter by using quasi-commutative relations defined by a primitive $q$-th root of unity $\omega$, as well as another proof of several further known results on $\omega$-equivalence.
Our aim in this paper is to initiate the study of exponent semigroups for rational matrices. We prove that every numerical semigroup is the exponent semigroup of some rational matrix. We also obtain lower bounds on the size of such matrices and discuss the related class of power-integral matrices.
This paper is devoted to the representation theory of quantum coordinate algebra $\mathbb{C}_q[G]$, for a semisimple Lie group $G$ and a generic parameter $q$. By inspecting the actions of normal elements on tensor modules, we generalize a result of Levendorski and Soibelman in [22] for highest weight modules. For a double Bruhat cell $G^{w_1,w_2}$, we describe the primitive spectra $\mathrm{prim}\,\mathbb{C}_q[G]_{w_1,w_2}$ in a new fashion, and construct a bundle of $(w_1,w_2)$ type simple modules onto $\mathrm{prim}\,\mathbb{C}_q[G]_{w_1,w_2}$, provided $\mathrm{Supp}(w_1)\cap\mathrm{Supp}(w_2)=\varnothing$ or enough pivot elements. The fibers of the bundle are shown to be products of the spectrums of simple modules of 2-dimensional quantum torus $L_q(2)$. As an application of our theory, we deduce an equivalent condition for the tensor module to be simple, and construct some simple modules for each primitive ideal when $G=SL_3(\mathbb{C})$. This completes the Dixmier's program for $\mathbb{C}_q[SL_3]$. The wiring diagrams, introduced by Fomin and Zelevinsky in their study of total positivity (cf. [3,9]), is the main tool to compute the action of generalized quantum minors on tensor modules in the type A case. We obtain a quantum version of Lindström's lemma, which plays an important role in transforming representation problems into combinatorial ones of wiring diagrams.
We study automorphisms and representations of quasi polynomial algebras (QPAs) and quasi Laurent polynomial algebras (QLPAs). For any QLPA defined by an arbitrary skew symmetric integral matrix, we explicitly describe its automorphism groups at generic $q$ and at roots of unity. Any QLPA is isomorphic to the tensor product of copies of the QLPA of degree $2$ at different powers of $q$ and the centre, thus the study of representations of QPAs and QLPAs largely reduces to that of ${\mathcal L}_q(2)$ and ${\mathcal A}_q(2)$, the QLPA and QPA of degree $2$. We study a category of ${\mathcal A}_q(2)$-modules which have finite covers by submodules with natural local finiteness properties and satisfy some condition under localisation, determining its blocks, classifying the simple objects and providing two explicitly constructions for the simples. One construction produces the simple ${\mathcal A}_q(2)$-modules from ${\mathcal L}_q(2)$-modules via monomorphisms composed of the natural embedding of ${\mathcal A}_q(2)$ in ${\mathcal L}_q(2)$ and automorphisms of ${\mathcal L}_q(2)$, and the other explores a class of holonomic ${\mathcal D}_q$-modules for the algebra ${\mathcal D}_q$ of $q$-differential operators.
Let $U_q(\mathfrak{g})$ be the quantum supergroup of $\mathfrak{gl}_{m|n}$ or the modified quantum supergroup of $osp_{m|2n}$ over the field of rational functions in $q$, and let $V_q$ be the natural module for $U_q(\mathfrak{g})$. There exists a unique tensor functor, associated with $V_q$, from the category of ribbon graphs to the category of finite dimensional representations of $U_q(\mathfrak{g}$, which preserves ribbon category structures. We show that this functor is full in the cases $\mathfrak{g}=\mathfrak{gl}_{m|n}$ or $osp_{2\ell+1|2n}$. For $\mathfrak{g}=osp_{2\ell|2n}$, we show that the space $Hom_{U_q(\mathfrak{g}}(V_q^{\otimes r}, V_q^{\otimes s})$ is spanned by images of ribbon graphs if $r+s< 2\ell(2n+1)$. The proofs involve an equivalence of module categories for two versions of the quantisation of $U(\mathfrak{g})$.
A family of quantum cluster algebras is introduced and studied. In general, these algebras are new, but subclasses have been studied previously by other authors. The algebras are indexed by double partitions or double flag varieties. Equivalently, they are indexed by broken lines $L$. By grouping together neighboring mutations into quantum line mutations we can mutate from the cluster algebra of one broken line to another. Compatible pairs can be written down. The algebras are equal to their upper cluster algebras. The variables of the quantum seeds are given by elements of the dual canonical basis. This is the final version, where some arguments have been expanded and/or improved and several typos corrected. Full bibliographic details: Journal of Algebra (2012), pp. 172-203 DOI information: 10.1016/j.jalgebra.2012.09.015
Given a quantized enveloping algebra $U_q(\mathfrak g)$ and a pair of dominant weights ($λ$, $μ$), we extend a conjecture raised by Lusztig in \cite{Lusztig:1992}to a more general form and then prove this extended Lusztig's conjecture. Namely we prove that for any symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebra $\mathfrak g$, there is a composition series of the $U_q(\mathfrak g)$-module $V(λ)\otimes V(μ)$ compatible with the canonical basis. As a byproduct, the celebrated Littlewood-Richardson rule is derived and we also construct, in the same manner, a composition series of $V(λ)\otimes V(-μ)$ compatible with the canonical basis when $\mathfrak g$ is of affine type and the level of $λ-μ$ is nonzero.
Some filtrations of the tensor product of a highest weight module and a lowest weight module over quantum group $U_q(\mathfrak g)$ are constructed in \cite{LZ:2009} and one can use them to define some ideals of the modified quantized enveloping algebra. It is shown that the quotient algebras inherit canonical bases from the modified quantized enveloping algebra and are dual to the quantum coordinate ring defined by Kashiwara for symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebra $\mathfrak g$.
We establish a noncommutative analogue of the first fundamental theorem of classical invariant theory. For each quantum group associated with a classical Lie algebra, we construct a noncommutative associative algebra whose underlying vector space forms a module for the quantum group and whose algebraic structure is preserved by the quantum group action. The subspace of invariants is shown to form a subalgebra, which is finitely generated. We determine generators of this subalgebra of invariants and determine their commutation relations. In each case considered, the noncommutative modules we construct are flat deformations of their classical commutative analogues. Thus by taking the limit as $q\to 1$, our results imply the first fundamental theorem of classical invariant theory, and therefore generalise them to the noncommutative case.
In the present article, a basis of the coordinate algebra of the multi-parameter quantized matrix is constructed by using an elementary method due to Lusztig. The construction depends heavily on an anti-automorphism, the bar action. The exponential nature of the bar action is derived which provides an inductive way to compute the basis elements. By embedding the basis into the dual basis of Lusztig's canonical basis of $U_q(n^-)$, the positivity properties of the basis as well as the positivity properties of the canonical basis of the modified quantum enveloping algebra of type $A$, which has been conjectured by Lusztig, are proved.
The dual basis of the canonical basis of the modified quantized enveloping algebra is studied, in particular for type $A$. The construction of a basis for the coordinate algebra of the $n\times n$ quantum matrices is appropriate for the study the multiplicative property. It is shown that this basis is invariant under multiplication by certain quantum minors including the quantum determinant. Then a basis of quantum SL(n) is obtained by setting the quantum determinant to one. This basis turns out to be equivalent to the dual canonical basis.
Dual canonical bases of the quantum general linear supergroup are constructed which are invariant under the multiplication of the quantum Berezinian. By setting the quantum Berezinian to identity, we obtain dual canonical bases of the quantum special linear supergroup ${\s O}_q(SL_{m\mid n})$. We apply the canonical bases to study invariant subalgebras of the quantum supergroups under left and right translations. In the case $n=1$, it is shown that each invariant subalgebra is spanned by a part of the dual canonical bases. This in turn leads to dual canonical bases for any Kac module constructed by using an analogue of Borel-Weil theorem.
A string basis is constructed for each subalgebra of invariants of the function algebra on the quantum special linear group. By analyzing the string basis for a particular subalgebra of invariants, we obtain a ``canonical basis'' for every finite dimensional irreducible $U_q({\mathfrak{sl}}(n))$-module. It is also shown that the algebra of functions on any quantum homogeneous space is generated by quantum minors.
The purpose of this note is to give explicit criteria to determine whether a real generalized Cartan matrix is of finite type, affine type or of hyperbolic type by considering the principal minors and the inverse of the matrix. In particular, it will be shown that a real generalized Cartan matrix is of finite type if and only if it is invertible and the inverse is a positive matrix. A real generalized Cartan matrix is of hyperbolic type if and only if it is invertible and the inverse is non-positive.
We classify all the pairs of a commutative associative algebra with an identity element and its finite-dimensional commutative locally-finite derivation subalgebra such that the commutative associative algebra is derivation-simple with respect to the derivation subalgebra over an algebraically closed field with characteristic 0. Such pairs are the fundamental ingredients for constructing generalized simple Lie algebras of Cartan type. Moreover, we determine the isomorphic classes of the generalized simple Lie algebras of Witt Type. The structure space of these algebras is given explicitly.
We investigate the algebra $F_q(N)$ introduced by Faddeev, Reshetikhin and Takhadjian. In case $q$ is a primitive root of unity the degree, the center, and the set of irreducible representations are found. The Poisson structure is determined and the De Concini-Kac-Procesi Conjecture is proved for this case. In the case of $q$ generic, the primitive ideals are described. A related algebra studied by Oh is also treated.
A natural family of quantized matrix algebras is introduced. It includes the two best studied such. Located inside ${\s U}_q(A_{2n-1})$, it consists of quadratic algebras with the same Hilbert series as polynomials in $n^2$ variables. We discuss their general properties and investigate some members of the family in great detail with respect to associated varieties, degrees, centers, and symplectic leaves. Finally, the space of rank r matrices becomes a Poisson submanifold, and there is an associated tensor category of $\rank\leq r$ matrices.