arXiv subjects

Hee Rin Lee

Publications and source records attributed to Hee Rin Lee.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Human-Robot Teaming Field Deployments: A Comparison Between Verbal and Non-verbal Communication

Healthcare workers (HCWs) encounter challenges in hospitals, such as retrieving medical supplies quickly from crash carts, which could potentially result in medical errors and delays in patient care. Robotic crash carts (RCCs) have shown promise in assisting healthcare teams during medical tasks through guided object searches and task reminders. Limited exploration has been done to determine what communication modalities are most effective and least disruptive to patient care in real-world settings. To address this gap, we conducted a between-subjects experiment comparing the RCC's verbal and non-verbal communication of object search with a standard crash cart in resuscitation scenarios to understand the impact of robot communication on workload and attitudes toward using robots in the workplace. Our findings indicate that verbal communication significantly reduced mental demand and effort compared to visual cues and with a traditional crash cart. Although frustration levels were slightly higher during collaborations with the robot compared to a traditional cart, these research insights provide valuable implications for human-robot teamwork in high-stakes environments.

cs.RO↗

arXiv2025

Rapidly Built Medical Crash Cart! Lessons Learned and Impacts on High-Stakes Team Collaboration in the Emergency Room

Designing robots to support high-stakes teamwork in emergency settings presents unique challenges, including seamless integration into fast-paced environments, facilitating effective communication among team members, and adapting to rapidly changing situations. While teleoperated robots have been successfully used in high-stakes domains such as firefighting and space exploration, autonomous robots that aid highs-takes teamwork remain underexplored. To address this gap, we conducted a rapid prototyping process to develop a series of seemingly autonomous robot designed to assist clinical teams in the Emergency Room. We transformed a standard crash cart--which stores medical equipment and emergency supplies into a medical robotic crash cart (MCCR). The MCCR was evaluated through field deployments to assess its impact on team workload and usability, identified taxonomies of failure, and refined the MCCR in collaboration with healthcare professionals. Our work advances the understanding of robot design for high-stakes, time-sensitive settings, providing insights into useful MCCR capabilities and considerations for effective human-robot collaboration. By publicly disseminating our MCCR tutorial, we hope to encourage HRI researchers to explore the design of robots for high-stakes teamwork.

cs.RO↗

arXiv2025

Alignment Under Pressure: AR-HMD Support Tools for Action Teams

Team communication breakdowns represent a contributor to patient safety risks within action teams-defined as interdependent groups of specialized people who perform coordinated work under high workload, time pressure, and uncertainty. Approximately 70% of such instances lead to adverse patient outcomes amid intense time pressure, uncertainty, and high cognitive load. While prior research has focused on maintaining shared cognition during these interactions, existing technologies largely prioritize individual task execution and decision-making, offering limited support for real-time team coordination. This study investigates the potential of augmented reality head-mounted displays (AR-HMDs) to address this gap by facilitating what we call 'team alignment' - the active maintenance of shared understanding regarding tasks, patient state, responsibilities, and ongoing clinical activity. Through an 11-month multi-phase qualitative study with ten healthcare professionals, we first elicited coordination challenges through semi-structured interviews complemented by real-time storyboard creation. Participants then engaged in reflection and refinement of these scenarios while contemplating the potential impact of AR-HMDs on their situation. Our findings revealed that breakdowns frequently arose when clinicians lacked sufficient contextual information, when assigned responsibilities did not align with available expertise, or when procedural progress was difficult to track - particularly during critical bedside activity. We subsequently developed the Team Alignment and Coordination Taxonomy (TACT), encompassing information, expertise, procedural, and cognitive dimensions. By reframing coordination as this active maintenance of alignment, our research shifts the design focus from individual decision support systems to holistic, team-level system interventions.

cs.HC↗

arXiv2024

Revitalizing Sex Education for Chinese Children: A Formative Study

Sex education helps children obtain knowledge and awareness of sexuality, and protects them against sexually transmitted diseases, pregnancy, and sexual abuse. Sex education is not well taught to children in China -- both school-based education and parental communication on this topic are limited. To interrogate the status quo of sex education in China and explore suitable interventions, we conducted a series of formative studies including interviews and social media analysis. Multiple stakeholders such as children, parents, education practitioners, and the general public were engaged for an in-depth understanding of their unique needs regarding teaching and learning sex education. We found that school-based sex education for Chinese children was currently insufficient and restrictive. Involving parents in sex education posed several challenges, such as a lack of sexuality and pedagogy knowledge, and embarrassment in initiating sex education conversations. Culture and politics were major hurdles to effective sex education. Based on the findings, we reflect on the complex interactions between culture, politics, education policy, and pedagogy, and discuss situated design of sex education in broader cultural and social contexts.

cs.CY↗

arXiv2019

Proceedings of the SREC (Social Robots in Therapy and Care) Workshop at HRI 2019

Robot-Assisted Therapy (RAT) has successfully been used in Human Robot Interaction (HRI) research by including social robots in health-care interventions by virtue of their ability to engage human users in both social and emotional dimensions. Robots used for these tasks must be designed with several user groups in mind, including both individuals receiving therapy and care professionals responsible for the treatment. These robots must also be able to perceive their context of use, recognize human actions and intentions, and follow the therapeutic goals to perform meaningful and personalized treatment. Effective interactions require for robots to be capable of coordinated, timely behavior in response to social cues. This means being able to estimate and predict levels of engagement, attention, intentionality and emotional state during human-robot interactions. An additional challenge for social robots in therapy and care is the wide range of needs and conditions the different users can have during their interventions, even if they may share the same pathologies their current requirements and the objectives of their therapies can varied extensively. Therefore, it becomes crucial for robots to adapt their behaviors and interaction scenario to the specific needs, preferences and requirements of the patients they interact with. This personalization should be considered in terms of the robot behavior and the intervention scenario and must reflect the needs, preferences and requirements of the user.

cs.RO↗

arXiv2018

Proceedings of the Workshop on Social Robots in Therapy: Focusing on Autonomy and Ethical Challenges

Robot-Assisted Therapy (RAT) has successfully been used in HRI research by including social robots in health-care interventions by virtue of their ability to engage human users both social and emotional dimensions. Research projects on this topic exist all over the globe in the USA, Europe, and Asia. All of these projects have the overall ambitious goal to increase the well-being of a vulnerable population. Typical work in RAT is performed using remote controlled robots; a technique called Wizard-of-Oz (WoZ). The robot is usually controlled, unbeknownst to the patient, by a human operator. However, WoZ has been demonstrated to not be a sustainable technique in the long-term. Providing the robots with autonomy (while remaining under the supervision of the therapist) has the potential to lighten the therapists burden, not only in the therapeutic session itself but also in longer-term diagnostic tasks. Therefore, there is a need for exploring several degrees of autonomy in social robots used in therapy. Increasing the autonomy of robots might also bring about a new set of challenges. In particular, there will be a need to answer new ethical questions regarding the use of robots with a vulnerable population, as well as a need to ensure ethically-compliant robot behaviours. Therefore, in this workshop we want to gather findings and explore which degree of autonomy might help to improve health-care interventions and how we can overcome the ethical challenges inherent to it.

cs.RO↗