arXiv subjects

Henri Alam

Publications and source records attributed to Henri Alam.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

A Multi-Armed Bandit Framework for Online Optimisation in Green Integrated Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks

Integrated terrestrial and non-terrestrial network (TN-NTN) architectures offer a promising solution for expanding coverage and improving capacity for the network. While non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) are primarily exploited for these specific reasons, their role in alleviating terrestrial network (TN) load and enabling energy-efficient operation has received comparatively less attention. In light of growing concerns associated with the densification of terrestrial deployments, this work aims to explore the potential of NTNs in supporting a more sustainable network. In this paper, we propose a novel online optimisation framework for integrated TN-NTN architectures, built on a multi-armed bandit (MAB) formulation and leveraging the Bandit-feedback Constrained Online Mirror Descent (BCOMD) algorithm. Our approach adaptively optimises key system parameters--including bandwidth allocation, user equipment (UE) association, and macro base station (MBS) shutdown--to balance network capacity and energy efficiency in real time. Extensive system-level simulations over a 24-hour period show that our framework significantly reduces the proportion of unsatisfied UEs during peak hours and achieves up to 19% throughput gains and 5% energy savings in low-traffic periods, outperforming standard network settings following 3GPP recommendations.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2024

Optimizing Integrated Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks Performance with Traffic-Aware Resource Management

To address an ever-increasing demand for ubiquitous high-speed connectivity, mobile network deployments are becoming increasingly dense. However, this densification has also led to a surge in overall energy consumption, making the process increasingly challenging. In recent years, non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) have been mainly endorsed as a potential solution to enhance coverage by complementing the coverage of the terrestrial network (TN) in areas with limited network deployment. However, their ability to reduce TN energy consumption, though often overlooked, remains a significant advantage. To this end, this paper introduces a novel radio resource management algorithm, BLASTER (Bandwidth SpLit, User ASsociation, and PowEr ContRol), which integrates bandwidth allocation, user equipment (UE) association, power control, and base station activation within an integrated terrestrial and non-terrestrial network (TN-NTN). This algorithm aims to optimize network resource allocation fairness and energy consumption dynamically, demonstrating new opportunities in deploying satellite networks in legacy cellular systems. Our study offers a comprehensive analysis of the integrated network model, emphasizing the effective balance between energy saving and Quality of Service (QoS), and proposing practical solutions to meet the fluctuating traffic demands of cellular networks.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2024

On the Role of Non-Terrestrial Networks for Boosting Terrestrial Network Performance in Dynamic Traffic Scenarios

Due to an ever-expansive network deployment, numerous questions are being raised regarding the energy consumption of the mobile network. Recently, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) have proven to be a useful, and complementary solution to Terrestrial Networks (TN) to provide ubiquitous coverage. In this paper, we consider an integrated TN-NTN, and study how to maximize its resource usage in a dynamic traffic scenario. We introduce BLASTER, a framework designed to control User Equipment (UE) association, Base Station (BS) transmit power and activation, and bandwidth allocation between the terrestrial and non-terrestrial tiers. Our proposal is able to adapt to fluctuating daily traffic, focusing on reducing power consumption throughout the network during low traffic and distributing the load otherwise. Simulation results show an average daily decrease of total power consumption by 45% compared to a network model following 3GPP recommendation, as well as an average throughput increase of roughly 250%. Our paper underlines the central and dynamic role that the NTN plays in improving key areas of concern for network flexibility.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2023

Throughput and Coverage Trade-Off in Integrated Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks: an Optimization Framework

In past years, non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) have emerged as a viable solution for providing ubiquitous connectivity for future wireless networks due to their ability to reach large geographical areas. However, the efficient integration and operation of an NTN with a classic terrestrial network (TN) is challenging due the large amount of parameters to tune. In this paper, we consider the downlink scenario of an integrated TN-NTN transmitting over the S band, comprised of low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites overlapping a large-scale ground cellular network. We propose a new resource management framework to optimize the user equipment (UE) performance by properly controlling the spectrum allocation, the UE association and the transmit power of ground base stations (BSs) and satellites. Our study reveals that, in rural scenarios, NTNs, combined with the proposed radio resource management framework, reduce the number of UEs that are out of coverage, highlighting the important role of NTNs in providing ubiquitous connectivity, and greatly improve the overall capacity of the network. Specifically, our solution leads to more than 200% gain in terms of mean data rate with respect to a network without satellites and a standard integrated TN-NTN when the resource allocation setting follows 3GPP recommendation.

cs.NI↗