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Hidefumi Ohsugi

Publications and source records attributed to Hidefumi Ohsugi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Quadratic Gr\"obner bases for cut ideals of cycles and ring graphs

Let $C_n$ be the cycle of length $n\ge3$ and let $I_{C_n}$ be its cut ideal. We show that $I_{C_n}$ has a quadratic Gr\"obner basis with respect to an explicit weight order. Since the defining configuration consists of $(0,1)$-vectors, the initial monomials of such a basis are automatically squarefree. As the cut polytope of a cycle is the parity polytope, the result gives a regular unimodular flag triangulation of this classical polytope. Together with the known tree case and the clique-sum theorem for cut ideals, the cycle result also yields a quadratic Gr\"obner basis for the cut ideal of every connected ring graph with at least one edge, thereby supplying the missing cycle input and establishing the result for connected ring graphs.

math.AC↗
arXiv2026

A matroidal criterion for flow polytopes to be order polytopes

Flow polytopes of directed acyclic graphs form a central class of lattice polytopes in algebraic, geometric, and enumerative combinatorics. Order polytopes are one of the best understood families of lattice polytopes; their Ehrhart theory, triangulations, volumes, and face structures are closely controlled by the combinatorics of the underlying posets. M\'esz\'aros--Morales--Striker proved that the flow polytope of an $st$-planar directed acyclic graph is unimodularly equivalent to an order polytope. In this paper, we prove a converse after contracting idle edges. More precisely, for a directed acyclic graph $G$ with a unique source and a unique sink, let $\widetilde G$ be the graph obtained from $G$ by successively contracting idle edges until none remain. We prove that $\mathcal{F}(G)$ is unimodularly equivalent to an order polytope if and only if $\widetilde G$ is $st$-planar. In addition, under a local three-good-neighbor condition, we prove that for a directed acyclic graph with a unique source, a unique sink, and no idle edges, the graph is $st$-planar if and only if it avoids an explicit list of forbidden butterfly minors.

math.CO↗
arXiv2026

Simplex faces and quadratic toric ideals of lattice polytopes

We say that a convex polytope has the clique-face property if every clique in its 1-skeleton is the vertex set of a face. We establish this property as a geometric necessary condition for quadratic generation of toric ideals. More precisely, we prove that every lattice polytope with primitive edges and a quadratic toric ideal has the clique-face property; in particular, this holds for every $(0,1)$-polytope with a quadratic toric ideal. For $(0,1)$-polytopes satisfying condition (E), we characterize the clique-face property in terms of divisibility by monomials occurring in quadratic binomials, and show that, under the clique-face property, such toric ideals have no indispensable monomials of degree at least three. For edge polytopes and cut polytopes, we prove that the clique-face property is equivalent to quadratic generation. This yields new geometric characterizations of quadratic generation for these classes. We also prove that all simple polytopes, matroid independence polytopes, and matroid base polytopes have the clique-face property, and discuss the case of stable set polytopes in connection with conjectures on quadratic toric ideals.

math.CO↗
arXiv2026

Algebraic aspects of unconditional lattice polytopes

Unconditional polytopes are convex polytopes that are symmetric with respect to all coordinate hyperplanes and arise naturally from anti-blocking polytopes by reflection. This paper investigates algebraic relations between an anti-blocking lattice polytope and its associated unconditional lattice polytope. We prove that the toric ring of an anti-blocking lattice polytope is normal if and only if the toric ring of the associated unconditional lattice polytope is normal. We also show that the toric ideal of an anti-blocking lattice polytope is generated by quadratic binomials if and only if the same holds for the associated unconditional lattice polytope. As an application, we obtain a graph-theoretic characterization of quadratic generation of symmetric stable set ideals.

math.CO↗
arXiv2026

On the Ehrhart Theory of Generalized Symmetric Edge Polytopes

The symmetric edge polytope (SEP) of a (finite, undirected) graph is a centrally symmetric lattice polytope whose vertices are defined by the edges of the graph. SEPs have been studied extensively in the past twenty years. Recently, Tóthmérész and, independently, D'Alí, Juhnke-Kubitzke, and Koch generalized the definition of an SEP to regular matroids, which are the matroids that can be represented by totally unimodular matrices. Generalized SEPs are known to have symmetric Ehrhart $h^*$-polynomials, and Ohsugi and Tsuchiya conjectured that (ordinary) SEPs have nonnegative $γ$-vectors. In this article, we use combinatorial and Gröbner basis techniques to extend additional known properties of SEPs to generalized SEPs. Along the way, we show that generalized SEPs are not necessarily $γ$-nonnegative by providing explicit examples. We prove that the polytopes we construct are ``nearly'' $γ$-nonnegative in the sense that, by deleting exactly two elements from the matroid, one obtains SEPs for graphs that are $γ$-nonnegative. This provides further evidence that Ohsugi and Tsuchiya's conjecture holds in the ordinary case.

math.CO↗
arXiv2026

Kempe equivalence and quadratic toric rings

Kempe equivalence is a classical and fundamental notion in graph coloring theory. In the present paper we establish a connection between Kempe equivalence and quadratic stable set ring, which are toric rings associated to graphs. In fact, we characterize when the stable set ring of a graph is quadratic by using Kempe equivalence. As an application, we relate our theorem to the theory of perfectly contractile graphs, a hereditary subclass of perfect graphs introduced by Bertschi. In particular, our characterization implies that the conjecture of Everett and Reed on perfectly contractile graphs entails the conjecture of the authors and Shibata on quadratic stable set rings. Furthermore, we show that the stable set rings of several important subclasses of perfectly contractile graphs including weakly chordal graphs are quadratic. Finally, we propose a new combinatorial conjecture characterizing perfectly contractile graphs purely in terms of Kempe equivalence on replication graphs.

math.CO↗
arXiv2026

Toric ideal of matching polytopes and edge colorings

In the present paper, we investigate the maximal degree of minimal generators of the toric ideal of the matching polytope of a graph. It is known that the toric ideal associated to a bipartite graph is generated by binomials of degree at most $3$. We show that this fact is equivalent to a result in the theory of edge colorings of bipartite multigraphs. Moreover, a characterization of bipartite graphs whose toric ideals are generated by quadratic binomials is given. Finally, we discuss the maximal degree of minimal generators of the toric ideal associated to a general graph and give a conjecture.

math.AC↗
arXiv2025

Examining Kempe equivalence via commutative algebra

Kempe equivalence is a classical and important notion on vertex coloring in graph theory. In the present paper, we introduce several ideals associated with graphs and provide a method to determine whether two $k$-colorings are Kempe equivalent via commutative algebra. Moreover, we give a way to compute all $k$-colorings of a graph up to Kempe equivalence by virtue of the algebraic technique on Gröbner bases. As a consequence, the number of $k$-Kempe classes can be computed by using Hilbert functions. Finally, we introduce several algebraic algorithms related to Kempe equivalence.

math.CO↗
arXiv2025

Facet numbers of non-centrally symmetric reflexive polytopes arising from posets

Twinned chain polytopes form a broad class of non-centrally symmetric reflexive polytopes and exhibit intriguing structures. In the present paper, we show that the number of facets of $d$-dimensional twinned chain polytopes is at most $6^{d/2}$. In case $d$ is even, the equality holds if and only if the polytope is isomorphic to a free sum of $d/2$ copies of del Pezzo polygons. This result contributes a partial answer to Nill's conjecture: the number of facets of a $d$-dimensional reflexive polytope is at most $6^{d/2}$.

math.CO↗
arXiv2025

Number of facets of symmetric edge polytopes arising from join graphs

Symmetric edge polytopes of graphs are important object in Ehrhart theory,and have an application to Kuramoto models. In the present paper, we study the upper and lower bounds for the number of facets of symmetric edge polytopes of connected graphs conjectured by Braun and Bruegge. In particular, we show that their conjecture is true for any graph that is the join of two graphs (equivalently, for any connected graph whose complement graph is not connected). It is known that any symmetric edge polytope is a centrally symmetric reflexive polytope. Hence our results give a partial answer to Nill's conjecture: the number of facets of a $d$-dimensional reflexive polytope is at most $6^{d/2}$.

math.CO↗
arXiv2023

Gröbner fans of Specht ideals

In this paper, we give the Gröbner fan and the state polytope of a Specht ideal $I_λ$ explicitly. In particular, we show that the state polytope of $I_λ$ for a partition $λ=(λ_1, \ldots, λ_m)$ is always a generalized permutohedron, and it is a (usual) permutohedron if and only if $λ_{i-1}=λ_i>0$ for some $i$.

math.AC↗
arXiv2022

The number of $4$-cycles and the cyclomatic number of a finite simple graph

Let $G$ be a finite connected simple graph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. We show that, when $G$ is not bipartite, the number of $4$-cycles contained in $G$ is at most $\binom{m-n+1}{2}$. We further provide a short combinatorial proof of the bound $\binom{m-n+2}{2}$ which holds for bipartite graphs.

math.CO↗
arXiv2021

A note on the reducedness and Gröbner bases of Specht ideals

The Specht ideal of shape $λ$, where $λ$ is a partition, is the ideal generated by all Specht polynomials of shape $λ$. Haiman and Woo proved that these ideals are reduced and found their universal Gröbner bases. In this short note, we give a short proof for these results.

math.AC↗
arXiv2021

Symmetric edge polytopes and matching generating polynomials

Symmetric edge polytopes $\mathcal{A}_G$ of type A are lattice polytopes arising from the root system $A_n$ and finite simple graphs $G$. There is a connection between $\mathcal{A}_G$ and the Kuramoto synchronization model in physics. In particular, the normalized volume of $\mathcal {A}_G$ plays a central role. In the present paper, we focus on a particular class of graphs. In fact, for any cactus graph $G$, we give a formula for the $h^*$-polynomial of $\mathcal{A}_{\widehat{G}}$ by using matching generating polynomials, where $\widehat{G}$ is the suspension of $G$. This gives also a formula for the normalized volume of $\mathcal{A}_{\widehat{G}}$. Moreover, via the chemical graph theory, we show that for any cactus graph $G$, the $h^*$-polynomial of $\mathcal{A}_{\widehat{G}}$ is real-rooted. Finally, we extend the discussion to symmetric edge polytopes of type $B$, which are lattice polytopes arising from the root system $B_n$ and finite simple graphs.

math.CO↗
arXiv2021

Perfectly contractile graphs and quadratic toric rings

Perfect graphs form one of the distinguished classes of finite simple graphs. In 2006, Chudnovsky, Robertson, Seymour and Thomas proved that a graph is perfect if and only if it has no odd holes and no odd antiholes as induced subgraphs, which was conjectured by Berge. We consider the class ${\mathcal A}$ of graphs that have no odd holes, no antiholes and no odd stretchers as induced subgraphs. In particular, every graph belonging to ${\mathcal A}$ is perfect. Everett and Reed conjectured that a graph belongs to ${\mathcal A}$ if and only if it is perfectly contractile. In the present paper, we discuss graphs belonging to ${\mathcal A}$ from a viewpoint of commutative algebra. In fact, we conjecture that a perfect graph $G$ belongs to ${\mathcal A}$ if and only if the toric ideal of the stable set polytope of $G$ is generated by quadratic binomials. Especially, we show that this conjecture is true for Meyniel graphs, perfectly orderable graphs, and clique separable graphs, which are perfectly contractile graphs.

math.AC↗
arXiv2021

PQ-type adjacency polytopes of join graphs

PQ-type adjacency polytopes $\nabla^{\rm PQ}_G$ are lattice polytopes arising from finite graphs $G$. There is a connection between $\nabla^{\rm PQ}_G$ and the engineering problem known as power-flow study, which models the balance of electric power on a network of power generation. In particular, the normalized volume of $\nabla^{\rm PQ}_G$ plays a central role. In the present paper, we focus the case where $G$ is a join graph. In fact, formulas of the $h^*$-polynomial and the normalized volume of $\nabla^{\rm PQ}_G$ of a join graph $G$ are presented. Moreover, we give explicit formulas of the $h^*$-polynomial and the normalized volume of $\nabla^{\rm PQ}_G$ when $G$ is a complete multipartite graph or a wheel graph.

math.CO↗
arXiv2020

Edge rings with $q$-linear resolutions

In the present paper, we give a complete classification of connected simple graphs whose edge rings have a $q$-linear resolution with $q \geq 2$. In particular, we show that the edge ring of a finite connected simple graph with a $q$-linear resolution, where $q \geq 3$, is a hypersurface, which was conjectured by Hibi, Matsuda, and Tsuchiya.

math.AC↗