arXiv subjects

Hiram K. Herrera-Alcantar

Publications and source records attributed to Hiram K. Herrera-Alcantar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Field-level inference of growth rate from DESI BGS galaxy and ZTF supernova simulations

Galaxy peculiar velocities are a powerful probe of the growth rate of structure $f$ at low redshifts ($z < 0.2$), measured through the combination $fσ_8$. These constraints are improved by combining peculiar velocities with redshift space distortion measurements from the galaxy density field. We create a dedicated simulation to test growth rate measurement from the combination of Type Ia supernova peculiar velocities from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) with the Bright Galaxy Survey (BGS) of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), using projections for 6 years of ZTF data and the Data Release 3 (DR3) of DESI. We apply a wide-angle likelihood-based field-level inference to combine ZTF velocity and DESI BGS density fields simultaneously. This procedure is performed while varying the different density and velocity field configurations. Adding DESI galaxy density information to the ZTF supernovae improves the constraint on nuisance parameters and yields up to a 50 \% reduction in the growth-rate uncertainty without introducing bias. If we consider the conservatively best DESI density configuration, the mean error bar achievable by a DESI ZTF measurement is $σ_{fσ_8} = {}^{+0.047}_{-0.048}$ corresponding to a 10 \% error. These measurements will play a critical role for testing modified gravity theories.

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arXiv2026

The Composite Spectrum of QSO Absorption Line Systems in DESI DR2

We present details regarding a composite spectrum of quasar (QSO) absorption line systems. In this composite spectrum we identify more than 70 absorption lines, and observe oxygen and hydrogen emission features at a higher signal-to-noise ratio than any previous study. As the light from a distant quasar travels towards an observer, it may interact with the circumgalactic medium of an intervening galaxy, forming absorption lines. In order to maximize the signal of these absorption lines, we have selected a sample of 239,174 quasar spectra from the second data release of the Dark Energy Spectro- scopic Instrument (DESI), each identified to have absorption lines resulting from such an interaction. By stacking these spectra in the restframe of the absorption, and calculating a median composite spec- trum, we are able to isolate and enhance these absorption lines. We provide a full atlas of all detected absorption and emission lines as well as their fit centroids and equivalent width values. We additionally provide analysis of composites constructed using subsamples of absorbers in both redshift and Mg II equivalent width bins. We find that there is minimal redshift evolution across the considered absorber samples. Additionally, we find that dense gas signatures, such as the presence of Na I absorption, are strongest in the highest equivalent width absorber sample, and that the strengths of the Si IV and C IV absorption lines show a relatively weak correlation with Mg II equivalent width. This atlas should aid in future studies investigating the compositions and physical conditions of these absorbers.

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arXiv2026

ODIN: Confirmation and 3D Reconstruction of Six Massive Protoclusters at Cosmic Noon

Protoclusters represent sites of accelerated galaxy formation and extreme astrophysical activity characteristic of dense environments. Identifying massive protoclusters and mapping their spatial structures are therefore crucial first steps in understanding how the large-scale environment influences galaxy evolution. We combine wide-field Ly$α$ imaging from the ODIN survey with extensive DESI and ancillary spectroscopy across the extended COSMOS and XMM-LSS fields ($\approx$14 deg$^2$) to search for massive protoclusters. We confirm six systems at $z\approx 2.4$ and $z\approx 3.1$, reconstruct their three-dimensional structures, estimate descendant halo masses, and, for one structure at $z\approx 3.12$, demonstrate that overlapping narrowband filters ($NB497$ and $N501$) provide accurate redshift tomography for emission-line galaxies. One protocluster at $z\approx 2.45$ overlaps with one of the LATIS tomographic fields, enabling direct comparison between galaxy and H {\sc i} overdensities traced by Ly$α$ forest absorption. Another at $z\approx 3.12$ hosts a massive quiescent galaxy ($M_{\ast} \approx 1.2 \times 10^{11}M_\odot$), indicating early quenching in a dense environment. By comparing Ly$α$ emission properties across environments, we find that protocluster galaxies exhibit higher median line fluxes and a deficit of faint emitters relative to the field. The effect is strongest when both 2D and 3D density information are combined, indicating that galaxies in the densest protocluster cores are most affected by environmental processes. This effect is stronger at $z\approx3.1$ than at $z\approx2.4$, suggesting possible redshift evolution.

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arXiv2026

Luminosity function of quasars at $1.0<z<3.5$ from SDSS and DESI

We present a study of the evolution of type 1 quasars at $1.0<z<3.5$, covering the peak epoch of quasar activity. The quasar evolution has been extensively explored by a variety of previous works and the derived quasar luminosity functions (QLFs) are not well consistent with each other, presumably due to the complexities introduced by different quasar selection techniques and associated completeness corrections. We use a new strategy to construct QLFs based on a library of all known quasars. We focus on a wide region of $\sim$1700 deg$^2$ and a deep field of $\sim$265 deg$^2$ that have rich spectroscopic data primarily from SDSS and DESI. We then apply traditional color cuts in the rest-frame UV/optical to select quasar candidates and use the quasar library to identify them. Our final sample consists of 62,426 quasars at $1.0<z<3.5$, with a high completeness ($\sim$96%) and a high purity ($\sim$93%) in the color selection. Simple color cuts can potentially minimize selection biases for the study of quasar evolution. We derive binned QLFs and characterize them using a double power-law model. Sample incompleteness and contamination are considered as part of the uncertainties in the calculation. Compared to previous results, our QLFs are slightly higher at the faint end, and also higher at the bright end at $2.5<z<3.5$. The QLFs suggest that the quasar evolution at $1.0 < z < 2.5$ can be well described by the pure luminosity evolution model, while at $2.5 < z < 3.5$, it can be described by either the pure luminosity evolution or the pure density evolution model.

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arXiv2026

Probing the matter-dominated expansion with multi-redshift Lyman-$α$ BAO from DESI DR2

We present a multi-redshift Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) analysis of the DESI Data Release 2 (DR2) Lyman-$α$ (Ly$α$) forest, splitting the forest auto-correlation and its cross-correlation with quasars into three redshift bins. We obtain BAO measurements at effective redshifts $z_{\rm eff} = 2.13$, $2.40$, and $2.81$ with $\sim2.0$--$2.5\%$ precision per bin in the radial and transverse directions, corresponding to $\sim1.1$--$1.2\%$ precision for the isotropic BAO measurement. Using the same data products and modeling framework as the DESI DR2 Ly$α$ BAO analysis, we validate the pipeline on $400$ synthetic datasets and find unbiased BAO recovery with well-calibrated uncertainties. The measurements show an increase in the isotropic dilation parameter $D_V/r_d$ from $30.26\pm0.39$ to $32.22\pm0.47$ and in the Alcock-Paczyński parameter $D_M/D_H$ from $3.96\pm0.15$ to $5.63^{+0.22}_{-0.24}$. The Hubble distance $D_H/r_d$ decreases from $9.40\pm0.20$ to $7.22\pm0.17$, providing a direct measurement of the expansion history consistent with $Λ$CDM and the expected matter-dominated scaling, with $H(z)\propto(1+z)^n$ giving $n=1.34\pm0.16$. The redshift split also provides a self-consistent measurement of clustering evolution: the Ly$α$ forest bias evolves as $(1+z)^γ$ with $γ_α=3.05\pm0.16$, the RSD parameter has a redshift evolution described by $γ_β=-0.97\pm0.26$, and the quasar bias evolves with $γ_Q=1.56\pm0.23$, consistent with independent quasar clustering measurements. Combining these three-bin BAO measurements with DESI DR2 galaxy and quasar BAO measurements yields cosmological constraints consistent with the single-bin Ly$α$ BAO analysis in flat $Λ$CDM and $w_0w_a$CDM and improves curvature constraints by $\sim12\%$ in $Λ$CDM$+Ω_\mathrm{K}$.

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arXiv2026

The 3D clustering of Lyman Alpha Emitters measured with DESI

We present a clustering analysis of Lyman-$α$ emitters (LAEs) using spectroscopic observations from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) of candidates selected from the Blanco/DECam Intermediate-Band Imaging Survey (IBIS). We measure the two-point correlation function and the power spectrum, including cross-correlations with DESI quasars. Using both analytical and halo occupation distribution (HOD) simulation-based modeling, we find a linear bias of $b \sim 2.31$--$2.62$ for LAEs over the redshift range $2.26 < z < 3.41$. The analytical modeling also provides constraints on the strength of radiative transfer effects, while the HOD analysis characterizes the LAE-halo connection across multiple models. Finally, we quantify the magnitude of non-perturbative clustering effects such as Fingers of God in the LAE population, providing essential input for the accurate modeling of LAE-based cosmological analyses in forthcoming high-redshift surveys such as DESI-II.

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arXiv2026

Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity from DESI DR1 quasars and Planck PR4 CMB Lensing

We present the first measurement of local-type primordial non-Gaussianity from the cross-correlation between $1.2$ million spectroscopically confirmed quasars from the first data release (DR1) of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) and the Planck PR4 CMB lensing reconstructions. The analysis is performed in three tomographic redshift bins covering $0.8 < z < 3.5$, covering a sky fraction of $\sim 20\%$. We adopt a catalog-based pseudo-$C_\ell$ estimator and apply linear imaging weights validated on noiseless mocks. Compared to previous analyses using photometric quasar samples, our results benefit from the high purity of the DESI spectroscopic sample, the reduced noise of PR4 lensing, and the absence of excess large-scale power in the spectroscopic quasar auto-correlation. Fitting simultaneously for the non-Gaussianity parameter $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and the linear bias amplitude in each redshift bin, we obtain $f_{\mathrm{NL}} = 2^{+28}_{-34}$ for a response parameter $p=1.6$, and $f_{\mathrm{NL}} = 6^{+20}_{-24}$ for $p=1.0$. These results improve the constraints on $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ by $\sim 35\%$ compared to the previous analysis based on the Legacy Imaging Survey DR9. Additionally, we derive an optimal weighting scheme to maximize the constraining power. In this case, and assuming $p=1.6$, we obtain $f_\mathrm{NL}=19^{+25}_{-31}$. Our results demonstrate the statistical power of DESI quasars for probing inflationary physics, and highlight the promise of future DESI data releases.

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arXiv2025

The Lyman-$α$ Forest from LBGs: First 3D Correlation Measurement with DESI and Prospects for Cosmology

The Lyman-$α$ (Ly$α$) forest is a key tracer of large-scale structure at redshifts z > 2, traditionally studied using spectra of quasars. Here, we explore the viability Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) as alternative background sources for Ly$α$ forest studies. We analyze 4,151 Ly$α$ forest skewers extracted from LBG spectra obtained in the DESI pilot surveys in the COSMOS and XMM-LSS fields. We present the first measurement of the Ly$α$ forest auto-correlation function derived exclusively from LBG spectra, probing comoving separations up to 48 $h^{-1}$Mpc at an effective redshift of $z_\mathrm{eff}$ = 2.70. The measured signal is consistent with that from DESI DR2 quasar Ly$α$ forest spectra at a comparable redshift, validating LBGs as reliable background sources. We also measure the cross-correlation between the LBG Ly$α$ forest and 13,362 galaxy positions, showing that this observable serves as a sensitive diagnostic for galaxy redshift uncertainties and systematic offsets. Finally, using synthetic LBG spectra and Fisher forecasts, we show that a future wide-area survey over 5000 deg$^2$, targeting 1000 LBGs per deg$^2$ at similar signal-to-noise than our dataset, could enable Ly$α$ forest baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements with 0.4% precision on the isotropic BAO scale and 1.3% on the anisotropic (Alcock-Paczynski) scale. Combining BAO with a Ly$α$ forest full-shape analysis improves the AP constraint to 0.6%. These results open a new path for precision cosmology at high redshift using dense LBG samples.

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arXiv2025

Baryon fraction from the BAO amplitude: a consistent approach to parameterizing perturbation growth

Galaxy clustering constrains the baryon fraction Omega_b/Omega_m through the amplitude of baryon acoustic oscillations and the suppression of perturbations entering the horizon before recombination. This produces a different pre-recombination distribution of baryons and dark matter. After recombination, the gravitational potential responds to both components in proportion to their mass, allowing robust measurement of the baryon fraction. This is independent of new-physics scenarios altering the recombination background (e.g. Early Dark Energy). The accuracy of such measurements does, however, depend on how baryons and CDM are modeled in the power spectrum. Previous template-based splitting relied on approximate transfer functions that neglected part of information. We present a new method that embeds an extra parameter controlling the balance between baryons and dark matter in the growth terms of the perturbation equations in the CAMB Boltzmann solver. This approach captures the baryonic suppression of CDM prior to recombination, avoids inconsistencies, and yields a clean parametrization of the baryon fraction in the linear power spectrum, separating out the simple physics of growth due to the combined matter potential. We implement this framework in an analysis pipeline using Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure with HOD-informed priors and validate it against noiseless LCDM and EDE cosmologies with DESI-like errors. The new scheme achieves comparable precision to previous splitting while reducing systematic biases, providing a more robust way to baryon-fraction measurements. In combination with BBN constraints on the baryon density and Alcock-Paczynski estimates of the matter density, these results strengthen the use of baryon fraction measurements to derive a Hubble constant from energy densities, with future DESI and Euclid data expected to deliver competitive constraints.

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arXiv2025

Effect of local environment on Ly$α$ line profile in DESI/ODIN LAEs

Lyman-Alpha Emitters (LAEs) are star-forming galaxies with significant Ly$α$ emission and are often used as tracers of large-scale structure at high redshift. We explore the relationship between the Ly$α$ line profile and environmental density with spectroscopy from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) of LAEs selected with narrow-band photometry through the One-hundred-deg$^2$ DECam Imaging in Narrowbands (ODIN) survey. We use LAE surface density maps in the N419 (z $\sim$ 2.45) and N501 (z $\sim$ 3.12) narrow bands to probe the relationship between local environmental density and the Ly$α$ line profile. In both narrow bands, we stack the LAE spectra in bins of environmental density and inside and outside of protocluster regions. The N501 data shows $\sim$15% higher Ly$α$ line luminosity for galaxies in protoclusters, suggesting increased star formation in these regions. However, the line luminosity is not appreciably greater in protocluster galaxies in the N419 band, suggesting a potential redshift evolution of this effect. The shape of the line profile itself does not vary with environmental density, suggesting that line shape changes are caused by local effects independent of a galaxy's environment. These data indicate a potential relationship between LAE local environmental density, ionized gas distribution, and Ly$α$ line luminosity.

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arXiv2025

DESI DR1 Lyα 1D power spectrum: The Fast Fourier Transform estimator measurement

We present the one-dimensional Lyman-$α$ forest power spectrum measurement derived from the data release 1 (DR1) of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). The measurement of the Lyman-$α$ forest power spectrum along the line of sight from high-redshift quasar spectra provides information on the shape of the linear matter power spectrum, neutrino masses, and the properties of dark matter. In this work, we use a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based estimator, which is validated on synthetic data in a companion paper. Compared to the FFT measurement performed on the DESI early data release, we improve the noise characterization with a cross-exposure estimator and test the robustness of our measurement using various data splits. We also refine the estimation of the uncertainties and now present an estimator for the covariance matrix of the measurement. Furthermore, we compare our results to previous high-resolution and eBOSS measurements. In another companion paper, we present the same DR1 measurement using the Quadratic Maximum Likelihood Estimator (QMLE). These two measurements are consistent with each other and constitute the most precise one-dimensional power spectrum measurement to date, while being in good agreement with results from the DESI early data release.

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arXiv2025

Quasars acting as Strong Lenses Found in DESI DR1

Quasars acting as strong gravitational lenses offer a rare opportunity to probe the redshift evolution of scaling relations between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies, particularly the $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$--$M_{\mathrm{host}}$ relation. Using these powerful probes, the mass of the host galaxy can be precisely inferred from the Einstein radius $θ_{\mathrm{E}}$. Using 812{,}118 quasars from DESI DR1 ($0.03 \leq z \leq 1.8$), we searched for quasars lensing higher-redshift galaxies by identifying background emission-line features in their spectra. To detect these rare systems, we trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) on mock lenses constructed from real DESI spectra of quasars and emission-line galaxies (ELGs), achieving a high classification performance (AUC = 0.99). We also trained a regression network to estimate the redshift of the background ELG. Applying this pipeline, we identified seven high-quality (Grade~A) lens candidates, each exhibiting a strong [O\,\textsc{ii}] doublet at a higher redshift than the foreground quasar; four candidates additionally show H$β$ and [O\,\textsc{iii}] emission. These results significantly expand the sample of quasar lens candidates beyond the twelve identified and three confirmed in previous work, and demonstrate the potential for scalable, data-driven discovery of quasars as strong lenses in upcoming spectroscopic surveys.

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arXiv2025

The effects of continuum fitting on Lyman-$α$ forest correlations

Correlations of fluctuations of the flux in Lyman-$α$ forests of high-redshift quasars have been observed by the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation Spectroscopy Survey (BOSS) and the Dark Energy Spectroscopy Instrument (DESI) survey where they have revealed the effects of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). In order to fit the correlation functions to a physical model and thereby constrain cosmological parameters, it is necessary to take into account the effects of fitting the observed spectra to a template about which the fluctuations are measured. In this paper we use mock spectra to test the distortion matrix technique that has been used since the final BOSS data release to appropriately distort the models. We show that while percent-level effects on the derived forest bias parameters may be present, the technique works sufficiently well that the determination of the BAO peak position is not affected at the percent level. We introduce modifications in the technique used by DESI that were not in the original applications and suggest further possibilities for improvements.

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arXiv2025

ODIN: The LAE Lyα Luminosity Function over Cosmic Time and Environmental Density

The ubiquity and relative ease of discovery make $2\lesssim z\lesssim 5$ Ly$α$ emitting galaxies (LAEs) ideal tracers for cosmology. In addition, because Ly$α$ is a resonance line, but frequently observed at large equivalent width, it is potentially a probe of galaxy evolution. The LAE Ly$α$ luminosity function (LF) is an essential measurement for making progress on both of these aspects. Although several studies have computed the LAE LF, very few have delved into how the function varies with environment. The large area and depth of the One-hundred-deg$^2$ DECam Imaging in Narrowbands (ODIN) survey makes such measurements possible at the cosmic noon redshifts of z~2.4, ~3.1, and ~4.5. In this initial work, we present algorithms to rigorously compute the LAE LF and test our methods on the ~16,000 ODIN LAEs found in the extended COSMOS field. Using these limited samples, we find slight evidence that protocluster environments either suppress the numbers of very faint and very bright LAEs or enhance medium-bright LAEs in comparison to the field. We also find that the LF decreases in number density and evolves towards a steeper faint-end slope over cosmic time from z~4.5 to z~2.4.

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arXiv2025

DESI DR1 Ly$α$ forest: 3D full-shape analysis and cosmological constraints

We perform an analysis of the full shapes of Lyman-$α$ (Ly$α$) forest correlation functions measured from the first data release (DR1) of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Our analysis focuses on measuring the Alcock-Paczynski (AP) effect and the cosmic growth rate times the amplitude of matter fluctuations in spheres of $8$ $h^{-1}\text{Mpc}$, $fσ_8$. We validate our measurements using two different sets of mocks, a series of data splits, and a large set of analysis variations, which were first performed blinded. Our analysis constrains the ratio $D_M/D_H(z_\mathrm{eff})=4.525\pm0.071$, where $D_H=c/H(z)$ is the Hubble distance, $D_M$ is the transverse comoving distance, and the effective redshift is $z_\mathrm{eff}=2.33$. This is a factor of $2.4$ tighter than the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) constraint from the same data. When combining with Ly$α$ BAO constraints from DESI DR2, we obtain the ratios $D_H(z_\mathrm{eff})/r_d=8.646\pm0.077$ and $D_M(z_\mathrm{eff})/r_d=38.90\pm0.38$, where $r_d$ is the sound horizon at the drag epoch. We also measure $fσ_8(z_\mathrm{eff}) = 0.37\; ^{+0.055}_{-0.065} \,(\mathrm{stat})\, \pm 0.033 \,(\mathrm{sys})$, but we do not use it for cosmological inference due to difficulties in its validation with mocks. In $Λ$CDM, our measurements are consistent with both cosmic microwave background (CMB) and galaxy clustering constraints. Using a nucleosynthesis prior but no CMB anisotropy information, we measure the Hubble constant to be $H_0 = 68.3\pm 1.6\;\,{\rm km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}$ within $Λ$CDM. Finally, we show that Ly$α$ forest AP measurements can help improve constraints on the dark energy equation of state, and are expected to play an important role in upcoming DESI analyses.

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arXiv2025

Reconstructing Quasar Spectra and Measuring the Ly$α$ Forest with ${\rm S{\scriptsize pender}Q}$

Quasar spectra carry the imprint of foreground intergalactic medium (IGM) through absorption features. In particular, absorption caused by neutral hydrogen gas, the ``Ly$α$ forest,'' is a key spectroscopic tracer for cosmological analyses used to measure cosmic expansion and test physics beyond the standard model. Despite their importance, current methods for measuring LyA absorption cannot directly derive the intrinsic quasar continuum and make strong assumptions on its shape, thus distorting the measured LyA clustering. We present SpenderQ, a ML-based approach for directly reconstructing the intrinsic quasar spectra and measuring the LyA forest from observations. SpenderQ uses the Spender spectrum autoencoder to learn a compact and redshift-invariant latent encoding of quasar spectra, combined with an iterative procedure to identify and mask absorption regions. To demonstrate its performance, we apply SpenderQ to 400,000 synthetic quasar spectra created to validate the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Year 1 LyA cosmological analyses. SpenderQ accurately reconstructs the true intrinsic quasar spectra, including the broad LyB, LyA, SiIV, CIV, and CIII emission lines. Redward of LyA, SpenderQ provides percent-level reconstructions of the true quasar spectra. Blueward of LyA, SpenderQ reconstructs the true spectra to < 5\%. SpenderQ reproduces the shapes of individual quasar spectra more robustly than the current state-of-the-art. We, thus, expect it will significantly reduce biases in LyA clustering measurements and enable studies of quasars and their physical properties. SpenderQ also provides informative latent variable encodings that can be used to, e.g., classify quasars with Broad Absorption Lines. Overall, SpenderQ provides a new data-driven approach for unbiased LyA forest measurements in cosmological, quasar, and IGM studies.

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arXiv2025

Modelling the impact of quasar redshift errors on the full-shape analysis of correlations in the Lyman-$α$ forest

In preparation for the first cosmological measurements from the full-shape of the Lyman-$α$ (Ly$α$) forest from DESI, we must carefully model all relevant systematics that might bias our analysis. It was shown in Youles et al. (2022) that random quasar redshift errors produce a smoothing effect on the mean quasar continuum in the Ly$α$ forest region. This in turn gives rise to spurious features in the Ly$α$ auto-correlation, and its cross-correlation with quasars. Using synthetic data sets based on the DESI survey, we confirm that the impact on BAO measurements is small, but that a bias is introduced to parameters which depend on the full-shape of our correlations. We combine a model of this contamination in the cross-correlation (Youles et al. 2022) with a new model we introduce here for the auto-correlation. These are parametrised by 3 parameters, which when included in a joint fit to both correlation functions, successfully eliminate any impact of redshift errors on our full-shape constraints. We also present a strategy for removing this contamination from real data, by removing $\sim$0.3% of correlating pairs.

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2025

Synthetic spectra for Lyman-$α$ forest analysis in the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Synthetic data sets are used in cosmology to test analysis procedures, to verify that systematic errors are well understood and to demonstrate that measurements are unbiased. In this work we describe the methods used to generate synthetic datasets of Lyman-$α$ quasar spectra aimed for studies with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). In particular, we focus on demonstrating that our simulations reproduces important features of real samples, making them suitable to test the analysis methods to be used in DESI and to place limits on systematic effects on measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO). We present a set of mocks that reproduce the statistical properties of the DESI early data set with good agreement. Additionally, we use full survey synthetic data to forecast the BAO scale constraining power with DESI.

astro-ph.CO↗