arXiv subjects

Hirotsugu Ogi

Publications and source records attributed to Hirotsugu Ogi.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Tracer-free Contactless Acoustic Microrheometry Quantifies Viscoelastic Spectrum of Phase-separated Condensates

The rheology of phase-separated condensates plays a central role in applications spanning advanced materials design and cellular processes, yet quantitative characterization of their viscoelasticity remains challenging due to the limitations of existing microrheological methods that require tracer particles or mechanical contact. Here, we establish tracer-free and contactless acoustic microrheometry as a versatile platform for quantifying the frequency-dependent complex shear modulus of single microscale condensates over 0.01-10 Hz. Using spatiotemporally controlled acoustic radiation force generated within a micro-acoustic resonator, this method deforms condensates for creep-recovery and oscillatory viscoelastic measurements. Quantitative validation using dextran condensates in a polyethylene-glycol continuous phase successfully captures their size- and frequency-dependent mechanical responses, while application to nucleic-acid condensates reveals salt-dependent internal viscoelastic changes at single-condensate resolution. By enabling quantitative dissection of condensate mechanics without invasive probes, acoustic microrheometry provides a broadly applicable framework for investigating phase-separated condensates across materials science, soft matter physics, biology, and beyond.

cond-mat.soft↗

arXiv2025

Exploration of the potential energy surface for the conformational interconversion of the amyloid $β$ peptide at the fibril end

The formation of amyloid fibrils comprising amyloid $β$ (A$β$) peptides is associated with the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we theoretically investigated the A$β$ structure at the fibril end using the density functional theory calculation. Several twisted conformations were identified as local minima in which a part of the peptide chain bends upward while the rest remains bound to the lower A$β$ monomer. Fibril-to-twisted conformational transition exhibited endothermic behavior, with endothermic energy increasing as more backbone hydrogen bonds were broken. In addition, the loss of van der Waals interaction from the hydrophobic sidechain contributed to endothermicity. The nudged elastic band method was applied to analyze the potential energy surface connecting the fibril and twisted conformations. Comparison of the activation barriers between different twisted conformations revealed that certain twisted conformations returned relatively easily to the fibril conformation, whereas others encountered a higher activation barrier and reverted less readily. Detailed structural analysis revealed that the twisted conformation's propensity to return originates from the local steric hindrance imposed by the sidechain near the torsional axis.

physics.bio-ph↗

arXiv2022

Theoretical Analysis on the Stability of 1-Pyrenebutanoic Acid Succinimidyl Ester Adsorbed on Graphene

The adsorbed structure of 1-pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester (PASE) on graphene was investigated based on density functional theory. We found two locally stable structures: a straight structure with the chainlike part of butanoic acid succinimidyl ester (BSE) lying down and a bent structure with the BSE part directed away from graphene, keeping the pyrene (Py) part adsorbed on graphene. Then, to elucidate the adsorption mechanism, we separately estimated the contributions of the Py and BSE parts to the entire PASE adsorption, and the adsorption effect of the BSE part was found to be secondary in comparison to the contribution of the Py. Next, the mobility of the BSE part at room temperature was confirmed by the activation energy barrier between straight and bent structures. To take account of the external environment, we considered the presence of amino acids and the hydration effect by a three-dimensional reference interaction site model. The contributions of glycine molecules and the solvent environment to stabilizing the bent PASE structure relative to the straight PASE structure were found. Therefore, the effect of the external environment around PASE is of importance when the standing-up process of the BSE part from graphene is considered.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2022

Determination of the electron trap level in Fe-doped GaN by phonon-assisted conduction phenomenon

We acoustically measured the energy level for thermally activated conduction (TAC) in high-resistivity Fe-doped GaN using the non-contacting antenna-transmission acoustic-resonance method. The acoustic attenuation takes a maximum at a specific temperature, where the TAC is accelerated with the help of phonon energy. The Debye type relaxation is thus observed for acoustic attenuation, and its activation energy (0.54$\pm$0.04 eV) was determined with attenuation measurements at various frequencies and temperatures. This value agrees with the E3 level in GaN, indicating that thermally associated conduction originates from the E3 trap level. We also measured the five independent elastic constants at high temperatures.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2022

Suppression of Brillouin oscillation in transparent free-standing diamond thin films in picosecond ultrasound

Brillouin oscillation appears in picosecond ultrasonics for a transparent specimen because of backward light scattering by moving strain pulse. Its amplitude is comparable with those of other responses, such as pulse-echo signals and through-thickness resonance, obscuring these non-Brillouin-oscillation responses. We here find that Brillouin oscillation can be suppressed in a transparent free-standing film by coating both sides with metallic thin film of appropriate thickness and that this peculiar behavior is caused by strain pulses generated on both sides with a slight phase difference. This phenomenon allowed us to fabricate a Brillouin-oscillation-free diamond free-standing film, which showed high capability for sensor applications.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2022

Restructuring in bimetallic core-shell nanoparticles: Real time observation

The formation process of core-shell bimetallic nanoparticles synthesized by sputtering onto a substrate is observed in real time using an originally developed acoustic technique. The technique enables us to evaluate the structural change of nanoparticles at room temperature without contacting the nanoparticles or substrate. In the experiments, the sputtering of metal A followed by metal B tended to form B-shell/A-core nanoparticles. However, in Pd-Au alloy system, notable restructuring occurred during synthesis, resulting in the formation of A-shell/B-core nanoparticles. The formation process is analyzed using the molecular dynamics simulation, revealing that this restructuring occurs on a short timescale, and high diffusivity of Au plays an important role.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2022

The angular dependence of magnetization dynamics induced by a GHz range strain pulse

The dynamics of magnetization is important in spintronics, where the coupling between phonon and magnon attracts much attention. In this work, we study the angular dependence of the coupling between longitudinal-wave phonon and magnon. We investigated the magnetization dynamics using the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect, which allows measuring spin-wave resonances and the magnetic echo signal. The frequency, mode number, and amplitude of the spin-wave resonance change with the out-of-plane angle of the external magnetic field. The amplitude of the magnetic echo signal caused by the strain pulse also changes with the angle. We calculate these angular dependences based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation and find that the angles of the external field and magnetic moment are important factors for the phonon-magnon coupling when phonon propagates in the thickness direction under the out-of-plane magnetic field.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2022

Elastic constant of dielectric nano-thin films using three-layer resonance studied by picosecond ultrasonics

Elastic constants and sound velocities of nm-order thin films are essential for designing acoustic filters. However, it is difficult to measure them for dielectric thin films. In this study, we use a three-layer structure where a dielectric nano-thin film is sandwiched between thicker metallic films to measure the longitudinal elastic constant of the dielectric film. We propose an efficiency function to estimate the optimal thicknesses of the components. We use Pt/NiO/Pt three-layer films for confirming our proposed method. The determined elastic constant of NiO deposited at room temperature is smaller than the bulk value by $\sim$40$\%$. However, it approaches the bulk value as the deposition temperature increases. We also reveal that uncertainty of the elastic constant of the Pt film insignificantly affects the accuracy of the determined elastic constant of NiO in this structure.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2021

Ultrahigh-Frequency Wireless MEMS QCM Biosensor for Direct Label-Free Detection of Biomarkers in a Large Amount of Contaminants

Label-free biosensors, including conventional quartz-crystal-microbalance (QCM) biosensor, are seriously affected by nonspecific adsorption of contaminants involved in analyte solution, and it is exceptionally difficult to extract the sensor responses caused only by the targets. In this study, we reveal that this difficulty can be overcome with an ultrahigh-frequency wireless QCM biosensor. The sensitivity of a QCM biosensor dramatically improves by thinning the quartz resonator, which also makes the resonance frequency higher, causing high-speed surface movement. Contaminants weakly (nonspecifically) interact with the quartz surface, and they fail to follow the fast surface movement and cannot be detected as the loaded mass. The targets are, however, tightly captured by the receptor proteins immobilized on the surface, and they can move with the surface, contributing to the loaded mass and decreasing the resonant frequency. We develop a MEMS QCM biosensor, in which an AT-cut quartz resonator of 26 μm thick is packaged without fixing, and demonstrate this phenomenon by comparing the frequency changes of fundamental (about 64 MHz) and ninth (about 576 MHz) modes. At ultrahigh-frequency operation with the ninth mode, the sensor response is independent of the amount of impurity proteins, and the binding affinity is unchanged. We then applied this method for the label-free and sandwich-free direct detection of C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum, and confirmed its applicability.

physics.bio-ph↗

arXiv2021

Lattice thermal conductivity in isotope diamond asymmetric superlattices

We study lattice thermal conductivity of isotope diamond superlattices consisting of 12C and 13C diamond layers at various superlattice periods. It is found that the thermal conductivity of a superlattice is significantly deduced from that of pure diamond because of the reduction of the phonon group velocity near the folded Brillouin zone. The results show that asymmetric superlattices with different number of layers of 12C and 13C diamonds exhibit higher thermal conductivity than symmetric superlattices even with the same superlattice period, and we find that this can be explained by the trade-off between the effects of phonon specific heat and phonon group velocity. Furthermore, impurities and imperfect superlattice structures are also found to significantly reduce the thermal conductivity, suggesting that these effects can be exploited to control the thermal conductivity over a wide range.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2021

Sensitive label-free IgG detection using MEMS QCM biosensor with 125-MHz wireless quartz resonator

We present a wireless QCM biosensor fabricated using MEMS technology. The MEMS QCM biosensor contains a 125-MHz AT-cut quartz resonator embedded in the microchannel. Because of the compact design, the MEMS QCM biosensor is suitable for mass production and device miniaturization. We performed the IgG detection measurement with different concentrations. The detection limit was l ng/mL or less, which is superior to that of the gold-standard SPR method. Furthermore, we studied the binding affinity between protein A and IgG by studying the frequency response of the QCM biosensor. It shows good agreement with reported values. Therefore, the presented MEMS QCM biosensor has advantages of compact, low cost, low power consumption, high sensitivity, and reliability.

physics.bio-ph↗

arXiv2021

Effect of interfacial damping on high-frequency surface wave resonance on a nanostrip-bonded substrate

Since surface acoustic waves (SAW) are often generated on substrates to which nanostrips are periodically attached, it is very important to consider the effect of interface between the deposited strip and the substrate surface, which is an unavoidable issue in manufacturing. In this paper, we propose a theoretical model that takes into account the interface damping and calculate the dispersion relationships both for frequency and attenuation of SAW resonance. This results show that the interface damping has an insignificant effect on resonance frequency, but, interestingly, attenuation of the SAW can decrease significantly in the high frequency region as the interface damping increases. Using picosecond ultrasound spectroscopy, we confirm the validity of our theory; the experimental results show similar trends both for resonant frequency and attenuation in the SAW resonance. Furthermore, the resonant behavior of the SAW is simulated using the finite element method, and the intrinsic cause of interface damping on the vibrating system is discussed. These findings strongly indicate the necessity of considering interfacial damping in the design of SAW devices.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2021

Acceleration of amyloid fibril formation by multichannel sonochemical reactor

Formation of amyloid fibrils of various amyloidogenic proteins is dramatically enhanced by ultrasound irradiation. For applying this phenomenon to the study of protein aggregation science and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, a multichannel ultrasound irradiation system with individually adjustable ultrasound-irradiation conditions is necessary. Here, we develop a sonochemical reaction system, where an ultrasonic transducer is placed in each well of a 96-well microplate to perform ultrasonic irradiation of sample solutions under various conditions with high reproducibility, and applied it for studying amyloid-fibril formation of amyloid $β$, $α$-synuclein, $β$2-microglobulin, and lysozyme. The results clearly show that our instrument is superior to conventional shaking method in terms of degree of acceleration and reproducibility of fibril formation reaction. The acceleration degree is controllable by controlling the driving voltage applied to each transducer. We have thus succeeded in developing a useful tool for the study of amyloid fibril formation in various proteins.

physics.bio-ph↗

arXiv2019

Interplanar stiffness in defect-free monocrystalline graphite

The interplanar bond strength in graphite has been identified to be very low owing to the contribution of the van der Waals interaction. However, in this study, we use microscopic picosecond ultrasound to demonstrate that the elastic constant, $C_{33}$, along the $c$ axis of defect-free monocrystalline graphite exceeds 45 GPa, which is higher than reported values by 20\%. Existing theories fail to reproduce this strongly correlated interplanar system, and our results, thus, indicate the necessity for improvement. Since the LDA+U+RPA method, including both random phase approximation correlation and short-range correlation in $p$ Wannier orbitals, shows better agreement with the observation than LDA or even than ACFDT-RPA, the experimental results indicate non-negligible electron correlation effects with respect to both the short-range and long-range interactions.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2018

Perturbation theories behind thermal mode spectroscopy for high-accuracy measurement of thermal diffusivity of solids

Thermal mode spectroscopy (TMS) has been recently proposed for accurately measuring thermal diffusivity of solids from a temperature decay rate of a specific thermal mode selected by three- dimensional (anti)nodal information [Phys. Rev. Lett., 117, 195901 (2016)]. In this paper, we find out the following advantages of TMS by use of perturbation analyses. First, TMS is applicable to the measurement of high thermal diffusivity with a small size specimen. Second, it is less affected by thermally resistive films on a specimen in the sense that the resistance at the interface does not affect the first-order correction of thermal diffusivity. Third, it can perform doubly accurate measurement of the thermal diffusivity specified at a thermal equilibrium state even if the diffusivity depends on temperature in the sense that the measurement can be performed within tiny temperature difference from the given state and that the decay rate of the slowest decaying mode is not affected by the dependence.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗