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Hisaaki Endo

Publications and source records attributed to Hisaaki Endo.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Cappell-Shaneson knot pairs with the same Alexander polynomial

It is well known that for $m\geq 2$ there are at most two non-equivalent $m$-knots with diffeomorphic exterior. Such pair of knots will be called $\textit{ non-reflexive knot pair}$. A classical problem in topology is to determine all dimensions where such knot pairs exist. In 1976 Cappell and Shaneson gave a method of constructing non-reflexive knot pairs. In the present paper we construct an infinite family of new examples of Cappell-Shaneson knot pairs, and give examples of Cappell-Shaneson knot pairs that have the same Alexander polynomial but are inequivalent.

math.GT↗
arXiv2025

Cappell-Shaneson polynomials

S. Cappell and J. Shaneson constructed a pair of inequivalent embeddings of $(n-1)$-spheres in homotopy $(n+1)$-spheres for every square matrix of order $n$ with special properties (a Cappell-Shaneson matrix). A Cappell-Shaneson polynomial is the characteristic polynomial of a Cappell-Shaneson matrix. In this paper, we interpret part of the definition of Cappell-Shaneson polynomial as algebraic conditions on polynomials in terms of signed reciprocal polynomial and reduction modulo primes, and give complete lists of all Cappell-Shaneson polynomials of degrees $4$ and $5$. We construct several infinite series of Cappell-Shaneson polynomials of degree $6$.

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arXiv2019

On a generalization of Inoue and Oeljeklaus-Toma manifolds

In this paper we construct a family of complex analytic manifolds that generalize Inoue surfaces and Oeljeklaus-Toma manifolds. To a matrix $M$ in $SL(N,\mathbb{Z})$ satisfying some mild conditions on its characteristic polynomial we associate a manifold $T(M,\mathbf{D})$ (depending on an auxiliary parameter $\mathbf{D}$). This manifold fibers over the $s$-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^s$, where $s$ is the number of real eigenvalues of $M$. The fiber is the $N$-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^{N}$, and the monodromy matrices are certain polynomials of the matrix $M$. The basic difference of our construction from the preceding ones is that we admit non-diagonalizable matrices $M$ and the monodromy of the above fibration can also be non-diagonalizable. We prove that for a large class of non-diagonalizable matrices $M$ the manifold $T(M,\mathbf{D})$ does not admit any Kähler structure and is not homeomorphic to any of Oeljeklaus-Toma manifolds.

math.DG↗
arXiv2019

On generalized Inoue manifolds

This paper is about a generalization of famous Inoue's surfaces. Let $M$ be a matrix in $SL(2n+1,\mathbb{Z})$ having only one real eigenvalue which is simple. We associate to $M$ a complex manifold $T_M$ of complex dimension $n+1$. This manifold fibers over $S^1$ with the fiber $\mathbb{T}^{2n+1}$ and monodromy $M^\top$. Our construction is elementary and does not use algebraic number theory. We show that some of the Oeljeklaus-Toma manifolds are biholomorphic to the manifolds of type $T_M$. We prove that if $M$ is not diagonalizable, then $T_M$ does not admit a Kähler structure and is not homeomorphic to any of Oeljeklaus-Toma manifolds.

math.DG↗
arXiv2018

A gap theorem for positive Einstein metrics on the four-sphere

We show that there exists a universal positive constant $\varepsilon_0 > 0$ with the following property: Let $g$ be a positive Einstein metric on $S^4$. If the Yamabe constant of the conformal class $[g]$ satisfies $$ Y(S^4, [g]) >\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} Y(S^4, [g_{\mathbb S}]) - \varepsilon_0 $$ where $g_{\mathbb S}$ denotes the standard round metric on $S^4$, then, up to rescaling, $g$ is isometric to $g_{\mathbb S}$. This is an extension of Gursky's gap theorem for positive Einstein metrics on the four-sphere.

math.DG↗
arXiv2016

Counting Dirac braid relators and hyperelliptic Lefschetz fibrations

We define a new invariant $w$ for hyperelliptic Lefschetz fibrations over closed oriented surfaces, which counts the number of Dirac braids included intrinsically in the monodromy, by using chart description introduced by the second author. As an application, we prove that two hyperelliptic Lefschetz fibrations of genus $g$ over a given base space are stably isomorphic if and only if they have the same numbers of singular fibers of each type and they have the same value of $w$ if $g$ is odd. We also give examples of pair of hyperelliptic Lefschetz fibrations with the same numbers of singular fibers of each type which are not stably isomorphic.

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arXiv2016

Circle-valued Morse theory for frame spun knots and surface-links

Let N be a closed oriented k-dimensional submanifold of the (k+2)-dimensional sphere; denote its complement by C(N). Denote by x the 1-dimensional cohomology class in C(N), dual to N. The Morse-Novikov number of C(N) is by definition the minimal possible number of critical points of a regular Morse map f from C(N) to a circle, such that f belongs to x. In the first part of this paper we study the case when N is the twist frame spun knot associated to an m-knot K. We obtain a formula which relates the Morse-Novikov numbers of N and K and generalizes the classical results of D. Roseman and E.C. Zeeman about fibrations of spun knots. In the second part we apply the obtained results to the computation of Morse-Novikov numbers of surface-links in 4-sphere.

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arXiv2015

On the Morse-Novikov number for 2-knots

Let $K\subset S^4$ be a 2-knot, that is, a smoothly embedded 2-sphere in $S^4$. The Morse-Novikov number $\mathcal M\mathcal N(K)$ is the minimal possible number of critical points of a Morse map $S^4\setminus K\to S^1$ belonging to the canonical class in $H^1(S^4\setminus K)$. We prove that for a classical knot $K\subset S^3$ the Morse-Novikov number of the spun knot $S(K)$ is $\leq 2\mathcal M\mathcal N(K)$. This enables us to compute $\mathcal M\mathcal N(S(K))$ for every classical knot $K$ with tunnel number 1.

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arXiv2015

Charts, signatures, and stabilizations of Lefschetz fibrations

We employ a certain labeled finite graph, called a chart, in a closed oriented surface for describing the monodromy of a(n achiral) Lefschetz fibration over the surface. Applying charts and their moves with respect to Wajnryb's presentation of mapping class groups, we first generalize a signature formula for Lefschetz fibrations over the 2-sphere obtained by Endo and Nagami to that for Lefschetz fibrations over arbitrary closed oriented surface. We then show two theorems on stabilization of Lefschetz fibrations under fiber summing with copies of a typical Lefschetz fibration as generalizations of a theorem of Auroux.

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arXiv2010

Monodromy Substitutions and Rational Blowdowns

We introduce several new families of relations in the mapping class groups of planar surfaces, each equating two products of right-handed Dehn twists. The interest of these relations lies in their geometric interpretation in terms of rational blowdowns of 4-manifolds, specifically via monodromy substitution in Lefschetz fibrations. The simplest example is the lantern relation, already shown by the first author and Gurtas to correspond to rational blowdown along a -4 sphere; here we give relations that extend that result to realize the "generalized" rational blowdowns of Fintushel-Stern and Park by monodromy subsitution, as well as several of the families of rational blowdowns discovered by Stipsicz-Szabó-Wahl.

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arXiv2008

Lantern relations and rational blowdowns

We discuss a connection between the lantern relation in mapping class groups and the rational blowing down process for 4-manifolds. More precisely, if we change a positive relator in Dehn twist generators of the mapping class group by using a lantern relation, the corresponding Lefschetz fibration changes into its rational blowdown along a copy of the configuration C_2. We exhibit examples of such rational blowdowns of Lefschetz fibrations whose blowup is homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to the original fibration.

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