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Hitoshi Nishino

Publications and source records attributed to Hitoshi Nishino.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

Will the Real 4D, N=1 SG Limit of Superstring/M-Theory Please Stand Up?

At the component-level we study the `beta-function-favored constraint' (bffc) formalism, suggested in 1988 as the most natural formulation for supergravity derived from more fundamental theories. We begin with the suggestion that \bffc supergravity be identified with new minimal supergravity together with an additional chiral compensator multiplet. After $U_{\rm A}(1)$symmetry breaking, the non-propagating axion 2-form of new minimal supergravity becomes the propagating axion 2-form required by string theory. The final form of the theory is seen to uniquely allow four simultaneous features: (i) local supersymmetry, (ii) implementation of the Green-Schwarz mechanism, (iii) a supersymmetry-breaking order parameter chiral superfield, and (iv) a dilaton superpotential.

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Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory in Eleven Dimensions

We present a Lorentz invariant lagrangian formulation for a supersymmetric Yang-Mills vector multiplet in eleven dimensions (11D). The Lorentz symmetry is broken at the field equation level, and therefore the breaking is spontaneous, as in other formulations of supersymmetric theories in 12D or higher dimensions. We introduce a space-like unit vector formed by the gradient of a scalar field, avoiding the problem of Lorentz non-invariance at the lagrangian level, which is also an analog of non-commutative geometry with constant field strengths breaking Lorentz covariance. The constancy of the space-like unit vector field is implied by the field equation of a multiplier field. The field equations for the physical fields are formally the same as those of 10D supersymmetric Yang-Mills multiplet, but now with some constraints on these fields for supersymmetric consistency. This formulation also utilizes the multiplier fields accompanied by the bilinear forms of constraints, such that these multiplier fields will not interfere with the physical field equations. Based on this component result, we also present a $\k$-symmetric supermembrane action with the supersymmetric Yang-Mills backgrounds.

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Fundamental Extended Objects for Chern-Simons Supergravity

We propose a class of models in which extended objects are introduced in Chern-Simons supergravity in such a way that those objects appear on the same footing as the target space. This is motivated by the idea that branes are already first quantized object, so that it is desirable to have a formalism that treats branes and their target space in a similar fashion. Accordingly, our models describe interacting branes, as gauge systems for supergroups. We also consider the case in which those objects have boundaries, and discuss possible links to superstring theory and/or M-theory, by studying the fermionic kappa-symmetry of the action.

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Non-Linear Realization of ${\aleph_0}$-Extended Supersymmetry

As generalizations of the original Volkov-Akulov action in four-dimensions, actions are found for all space-time dimensions D invariant under N non-linear realized global supersymmetries. We also give other such actions invariant under the global non-linear supersymmetry. As an interesting consequence, we find a non-linear supersymmetric Born-Infeld action for a non-Abelian gauge group for arbitrary D and N, which coincides with the linearly supersymmetric Born-Infeld action in D=10 at the lowest order. For the gauge group U({\cal N}) for M(atrix)-theory, this model has {\cal N}^2-extended non-linear supersymmetries, so that its large {\cal N} limit corresponds to the infinitely many (\aleph_0) supersymmetries. We also perform a duality transformation from F_{μν} into its Hodge dual N_{μ_1...μ_{D-2}}. We next point out that any Chern-Simons action for any (super)groups has the non-linear supersymmetry as a hidden symmetry. Subsequently, we present a superspace formulation for the component results. We further find that as long as superspace supergravity is consistent, this generalized Volkov-Akulov action can further accommodate such curved superspace backgrounds with local supersymmetry, as a super p-brane action with fermionic kappa-symmetry. We further elaborate these results to what we call `simplified' (Supersymmetry)^2-models, with both linear and non-linear representations of supersymmetries in superspace at the same time. Our result gives a proof that there is no restriction on D or N for global non-linear supersymmetry. We also see that the non-linear realization of supersymmetry in `curved' space-time can be interpreted as `non-perturbative' effect starting with the `flat' space-time.

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The *Report

We present component and superspace formulations for the recently-proposed Type IIA* (or so-called `star') supergravity theory, which is timelike dual to the conventional Type IIB theory. First, within the component approach, all terms in the action are fixed up to the quartic fermionic ones. As desired, the kinetic terms for Ramond-Ramond fields have signs opposite to the conventional case. Consistency of these are then insured by the construction of a superspace description of this theory. As a by-product, we find that a single signature parameter $s = \pm 1$ can interpolate the Type IIA and Type IIA* theories in superspace. This superspace result naturally allows us to present a Green-Schwarz action, that possesses $κ$-symmetry, consistent with such backgrounds. We also give general algebraic descriptions of such `star' theories, so that they can be identified as representatives of some of the equivalence classes of $κ$-invariant Green-Schwarz actions.

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Super Eightbrane in Superspace

We present a superspace formulation for super eightbrane theory based on massive type IIA supergravity in ten-dimensions. Remarkably, in addition to the 10-form superfield strength originally needed for super eightbrane, we also need an `over-ranked' 11-form superfield strength $H_{A_1... A_{11}}$ with identically vanishing purely bosonic component, in order to satisfy all the Bianchi identities. As a natural super p-brane formulation for the 11-form superfield strength, we present a super ninebrane action on 10-dimensional super-worldvolume invariant under a local fermionic $\k$-symmetry. We also show that we can formulate such a superspace with an `over-ranked' superfield strength also in eleven-dimensions, and possibly in other lower dimensions as well.

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Twelve-Dimensional Supersymmetric Gauge Theory as the Large N Limit

Starting with the ordinary ten-dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory for the gauge group U(N), we obtain a twelve-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theory as the large N limit. The two symplectic canonical coordinates parametrizing the unitary N X N matrices for U(N) are identified with the extra coordinates in twelve dimensions in the $N\to\infty$ limit. Applying further a strong/weak duality, we get the `decompactified' twelve-dimensional theory. The resulting twelve-dimensional theory has peculiar gauge symmetry which is compatible also with supersymmetry. We also establish a corresponding new superspace formulation with the extra coordinates. By performing a dimensional reduction from twelve dimensions directly into three dimensions, we see that the Poisson bracket terms which are needed for identification with supermembrane action arises naturally. This result indicates an universal duality mechanism that the 't Hooft limit of an arbitrary supersymmetric theory promotes the original supersymmetric theory in (D-1,1) dimensions into a theory in (D,2) dimensions with an additional pair of space-time coordinates. This also indicates interesting dualities between supermembrane theory, type IIA superstring with D0-branes, and the recently-discovered twelve-dimensional supersymmetric theories.

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Supergravity Theories in $D\ge 12$ Coupled to Super p-Branes

We construct supergravity theories in twelve and thirteen dimensions with the respective signatures (10,2) and (11,2) with some technical details. Starting with N=1 supergravity in 10+2 dimensions coupled to Green-Schwarz superstring, we give N=2 chiral supergravity in 10+2 dimensions with its couplings to super (2+2)-brane. We also build an N=1 supergravity in 11+2 dimensions, coupled to supermembrane. All of these formulations utilize scalar (super)fields intact under supersymmetry, replacing the null-vectors introduced in their original formulations. This method makes all the equations SO(10,2) or SO(11,2) Lorentz covariant, up to modified Lorentz generators. We inspect the internal consistency of these formulations, in particular with the usage of the modified Lorentz generators for the extra coordinates.

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Parity Conservation in Supersymmetric Vector-Like Theories

We show that parity is conserved in vector-like supersymmetric theories, such as supersymmetric QCD with massive quarks with no cubic couplings among chiral multiplets, based on fermionic path-integrals, originally developed by Vafa and Witten. We also look into the effect of supersymmetric breaking through gluino masses, and see that the parity-conservation is intact also in this case. Our conclusion is valid, when only bosonic parity-breaking observable terms are considered in path-integrals like the original Vafa-Witten formulation.

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Alternative Formulation for Duality-Symmetric Eleven-Dimensional Supergravity Coupled to Super M-5-Brane

We present an alternative formulation of duality-symmetric eleven-dimensional supergravity with both three-form and six-form gauge fields. Instead of the recently-proposed scalar auxiliary field, we use a simpler lagrangian with a non-propagating auxiliary multiplier tensor field with eight-indices. We also complete the superspace formulation in a duality-symmetric manner. An alternative super M-5-brane action coupled to this eleven-dimensional background is also presented. This formulation bypasses the usual obstruction for an invariant lagrangian for a self-dual three-form field strength, by allowing the self-duality only as a solution for field equations, but not as a necessary condition.

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Lagrangian and Covariant Field Equations for Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory in 12D

We present a lagrangian formulation for recently-proposed supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in twelve dimensions. The field content of our multiplet has an additional auxiliary vector field in the adjoint representation. The usual Yang-Mills field strength is modified by a Chern-Simons form containing this auxiliary vector field. This formulation needs no constraint imposed on the component field from outside, and a constraint on the Yang-Mills field is generated as the field equation of the auxiliary vector field. The invariance check of the action is also performed without any reference to constraints by hand. Even though the total lagrangian takes a simple form, it has several highly non-trivial extra symmetries. We couple this twelve-dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills background to Green-Schwarz superstring, and confirm fermionic kappa-invariance. As another improvement of this theory, we present a set of fully Lorentz-covariant and supercovariant field equations with no use of null-vectors. This system has an additional scalar field, whose gradient plays a role of the null-vector. This system exhibits spontaneous breaking of the original Lorentz symmetry SO(10,2) for twelve-dimensions down to SO(9,1) for ten-dimensions.

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Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theories in $D\ge 12$

We present supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories in arbitrary even dimensions with the signature (9+m,1+m) where $m=0,1,2,...$ beyond ten-dimensions up to infinity. This formulation utilizes null-vectors and is a generalization of our previous work in 10+2 dimensions to arbitrary even dimensions with the above signature. We have overcome the previously-observed obstruction beyond 11+3 dimensions, by the aid of projection operators. Both component and superspace formulations are presented. This also suggests the possibility of consistent supergravity theories in any even dimensions beyond 10+1 dimensions.

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N=2 Chiral Supergravity in (10 + 2)-Dimensions As Consistent Background for Super (2 + 2)-Brane

We present a theory of N=2 chiral supergravity in (10+2)-dimensions. This formulation is similar to N=1 supergravity presented recently using null-vectors in 12D. In order to see the consistency of this theory, we perform a simple dimensional reduction to ten-dimensions, reproducing the type IIB chiral supergravity. We also show that our supergravity can be consistent background for super (2+2)-brane theory, satisfying fermionic invariance of the total action. Such supergravity theory without manifest Lorentz invariance had been predicted by the recent F-theory in twelve-dimensions.

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Supergravity in 10 + 2 Dimensions as Consistent Background for Superstring

We present a consistent theory of N=1 supergravity in twelve-dimensions with the signature (10,2). Even though the formulation uses two null vectors violating the manifest Lorentz covariance, all the superspace Bianchi identities are satisfied. After a simple dimensional reduction to ten-dimensions, this theory reproduces the N=1 supergravity in ten-dimensions, supporting the consistency of the system. We also show that our supergravity can be the consistent backgrounds for heterotic or type-I superstring in Green-Schwarz formulation, by confirming the kappa-invariance of the total action. This theory is supposed to be the purely N=1 supergravity sector for the field theory limit of the recently predicted F-theory in twelve-dimensions.

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New Couplings of Six-Dimensional Supergravity

We describe the couplings of six-dimensional supergravity, which contain a self-dual tensor multiplet, to $n_T$ anti-self-dual tensor matter multiplets, $n_V$ vector multiplets and $n_H$ hypermultiplets. The scalar fields of the tensor multiplets form a coset $SO(n_T,1)/SO(n_T)$, while the scalars in the hypermultiplets form quaternionic Kähler symmetric spaces, the generic example being $Sp(n_H,1)/Sp(n_H)\otimes Sp(1)$. The gauging of the compact subgroup $Sp(n_H) \times Sp(1)$ is also described. These results generalize previous ones in the literature on matter couplings of $N=1$ supergravity in six dimensions.

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Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Equations in 10+2 Dimensions

We present a model for supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in 10+2 dimensions. Our construction uses a constant null vector, and leads to a consistent set of field equations and constraints. The model is invariant under generalized translations and an extra gauge transformation. Ordinary dimensional reduction to ten dimensions yields the usual supersymmetric Yang-Mills equations, while dimensional reduction to 2+2 yields supersymmetric Yang-Mills equations in which the Poincaré supersymmetry is reduced by a null vector. We also give the corresponding formulation in superspace.

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Aleph-Null Extended Supergravity and Chern-Simons Theories

We give generalizations of extended Poincaré supergravity with {\it arbitrarily many} supersymmetries in the absence of central charges in three-dimensions by gauging its intrinsic global $~SO(N)$~ symmetry. We call these \alephnull (Aleph-Null) supergravity theories. We further couple a non-Abelian supersymmetric Chern-Simons theory and an Abelian topological BF theory to \alephnull supergravity. Our result overcomes the previous difficulty for supersymmetrization of Chern-Simons theories beyond $~N=4$. This feature is peculiar to the Chern-Simons and BF theories including supergravity in three-dimensions. We also show that dimensional reduction schemes for four-dimensional theories such as $~N=1$~ self-dual supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory or $~N=1$~ supergravity theory that can generate \alephnull globally and locally supersymmetric theories in three-dimensions. As an interesting application, we present \alephnull supergravity Liouville theory in two-dimensions after appropriate dimensional reduction from three-dimensions.

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Toward an Off - Shell 11D Supergravity Limit of M - Theory

We demonstrate that in addition to the usual fourth-rank superfield $(W_{a b c d})$ which describes the on-shell theory, a spinor superfield $(J_\a )$ can be introduced into the 11D geometrical tensors with engineering dimensions less or equal to one in such a way to satisfy the Bianchi identities in superspace. The components arising from $J_\a$ are identified as some of the auxiliary fields required for a full off-shell formulation. Our result indicates that eleven dimensional supergravity does not have to be completely on-shell. The $\k\-$symmetry of the supermembrane action in the presence of our partial off-shell supergravity background is also confirmed. Our modifications to eleven-dimensional supergravity theory are thus likely relevant for M-theory. We suggest our proposal as a significant systematic off-shell generalization of eleven-dimensional supergravity theory.

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