arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Hongya Liu.
We investigate the phantom field with potential $V(ϕ)=V_{0}\exp(-λϕ^2)$ and dark matter in the spatially flat FRW model. It has been shown by numerical calculation that there is a attractor solution in this model. We also apply the statefinder diagnostic to this phantom model. It is shown that the evolving trajectories of this scenario in the $s-r$ diagram is quite different form other dark energy models.
We study the statefinder parameter in the five-dimensional big bounce model, and apply it to differentiate the attractor solutions of quintessence and phantom field. It is found that the evolving trajectories of these two attractor solutions in the statefinder parameters plane are quite different, and that are different from the statefinder trajectories of other dark energy models.
Cosmological measurements suggest that our universe contains a dark energy component. In order to study the dark energy evolution, we constrain a parameterized dark energy equation of state $w(z)=w_0 + w_1 \frac{z}{1+z}$ using the recent observational datasets: 157 Gold type Ia supernovae and the newly released 182 Gold type Ia supernovae by maximum likelihood method. It is found that the best fit $w(z)$ crosses -1 in the past and the present best fit value of $w(0)<-1$ obtained from 157 Gold type Ia supernovae. The crossing of -1 is not realized and $w_0=-1$ is not ruled out in $1σ$ confidence level for the 182 Gold type Ia supernovae. We also find that the range of parameter $w_0$ is wide even in $1σ$ confidence level and the best fit $w(z)$ is sensitive to the prior of $Ω_m$.
Observations of high-redshift supernovae indicate that the universe is accelerating at the present stage, and we refer to the cause for this cosmic acceleration as ``dark energy''. In particular, the analysis of current data of type Ia supernovae (SNIa), cosmic large-scale structure (LSS), and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy implies that, with some possibility, the equation-of-state parameter of dark energy may cross the cosmological-constant boundary ($w=-1$) during the recent evolution stage. The model of ``quintom'' has been proposed to describe this $w=-1$ crossing behavior for dark energy. As a single-real-scalar-field model of dark energy, the generalized ghost condensate model provides us with a successful mechanism for realizing the quintom-like behavior. In this paper, we reconstruct the generalized ghost condensate model in the light of three forms of parametrization for dynamical dark energy, with the best-fit results of up-to-date observational data.
In this paper, three kinds of simple parameterized deceleration parameters $q(z)=a+\frac{b z}{1+z}$, $q(z)=a+\frac{b z}{(1+z)^2}$ and $q(z)={1/2}+\frac{a z+b}{(1+z)^2}$ are reconstructed from the latest Sne Ia Gold dataset, observational Hubble data and their combination. It is found that the transition redshift from decelerated expansion to accelerated expansion $z_T$ and current decelerated parameter values $q_0$ are consistent with each other in $1σ$ region by only using Sne Ia Gold dataset and observational Hubble data in three parameterizations respectively. By combining the Sne Ia Gold dataset and observational Hubble data together, a tight constraint is obtained. With this combined constraints, $z_T$ is $0.505^{+0.080}_{-0.052}$, $0.368^{+0.059}_{-0.036}$, $0.767^{+0.121}_{-0.126}$ with $1σ$ error in three parameterizations respectively. And, it is easy to see that $z_T$ separates from each other in $1σ$ region clearly.
We apply in this paper the statefinder parameters to the interacting phantom energy with dark matter. There are two kinds of scaling solutions in this model. It is found that the evolving trajectories of these two scaling solutions in the statefinder parameter plane are quite different, and that are also different from the statefinder diagnostic of other dark energy models.
In this paper, a parameterized deceleration parameter $q(z)= 1/2 - a/(1 + z)^b$ is reconstructed from the latest type Ia supernovae gold dataset. It is found out that the transition redshift from decelerated expansion to accelerated expansion is at $z_T=0.35^{+0.14}_{-0.07}$ with $1σ$ confidence level in this parameterized deceleration parameter. And, the best fit values of parameters in $1σ$ errors are $a=1.56^{+0.99}_{-0.55}$ and $b=3.82^{+3.70}_{-2.27}$.
By using a massless scalar field we examine the effect of an extra dimension on black hole radiation. Because the equations are coupled, we find that the structure of the fifth dimension (as for membrane and induced-matter theory) affects the nature of the radiation observed in four-dimensional spacetime. In the case of the Schwarzschild-de Sitter solution embedded in a Randall-Sundrum brane model, the extension of the black hole along the fifth dimension looks like a black string. Then it is shown that, on the brane, the potential barrier surrounding the black hole has a quantized as well as a continuous spectrum. In principle, Hawking radiation may thus provide a probe for higher dimensions.
We use $(4+1)$ split to derive the 4D induced energy density $ρ$ and pressure $p$ of the $5D$ Ricci-flat cosmological solutions which are characterized by having a bounce instead of a bang. The solutions contain two arbitrary functions of time $t$ and, therefore, are mathematically rich in giving various cosmological models. By using four known energy conditions (null, weak, strong, and dominant) to pick out and study physically meaningful solutions, we find that the 4D part of the $5D$ solutions asymptotically approach to the standard 4D FRW models and the expansion of the universe is decelerating for normal induced matter for which all the four energy conditions are satisfied. We also find that quintessence might be normal or abnormal, depending on the parameter $w$ of the equation of state. If $-1\leqslant w<-1/3$, the expansion of the universe is accelerating and the quintessence is abnormal because the strong energy condition is violated while other three are satisfied. For phantom, all the four energy conditions are violated. Before the bounce all the four energy conditions are violated, implying that the cosmic matter before the bounce could be explained as a phantom which has a large negative pressure and makes the universe bouncing. In the early times after the bounce, the dominant energy condition is violated while the other three are satisfied, and so the cosmic matter could be explained as a super-luminal acoustic matter.
We propose an idea in spectroscopy to search for extra spatial dimensions as well as to detect the possible deviation from Newton's inverse-square law at small scale, and we take high-Z hydrogenic systems and muonic atoms as illustrations. The relevant experiments might help to explore more than two extra dimensions scenario in ADD's brane world model and to set constraints for fundamental parameters such as the size of extra dimensions.
We use Wetterich's parameterization equation of state (EOS) of dark energy to a $5D$ Ricci-flat cosmological solution and we suppose the universe contains three major components: matter, radiation and dark energy. By using the relation between the scale factor and the redshift $z$, we show that the two arbitrary functions contained in the $5D$ solution could be solved out analytically in terms of the variable $z$. Thus the whole $5D$ solution could be constructed uniquely if the current values of the three density parameters $Ω_{m0}$, ${Ω_{r0}}$, $Ω_{x0}$, the EOS $w_{0}$%, and the bending parameter $b$ contained in the EOS are all known. Furthermore, we find that all the evolutions of the mass density $Ω_{m} $, the radiation density ${Ω_{r}}$, the dark energy density $Ω_{x}$, and the deceleration parameter $q$ depend on the bending parameter $b$ sensitively. Therefore it is deserved to study observational constraints on the bending parameter $b$.
Considering that gravitational force might deviate from Newton's inverse-square law (ISL) and become much stronger in small scale, we propose a kind of optical spectroscopy experiment to detect this possible deviation and take electronic, muonic and tauonic hydrogen atoms as examples. This experiment might be used to indirectly detect the deviation of ISL down to nanometer scale and to explore the possibility of three extra dimensions in ADD's model, while current direct gravity tests cannot break through micron scale and go beyond two extra dimensions scenario.
In this paper, we consider a class of five-dimensional Ricci-flat vacuum solutions, which contain two arbitrary functions $μ(t)$ and $ν(t)$. It is shown that $μ(t)$ can be rewritten as a new arbitrary function $f(z)$ in terms of redshift $z$ and the $f(z)$ can be determined by choosing particular deceleration parameters $q(z)$ which gives early deceleration and late time acceleration. In this way, the $5D$ cosmological model can be reconstructed and the evolution of the universe can be determined.
We consider a 5-dimensional Ricci flat bouncing cosmological model in which the 4-dimensional induced matter contains two components at late times - the cold dark matter (CDM)+baryons and dark energy. We find that the arbitrary function $f(z)$ contained in the solution plays a similar role as the potential $V(ϕ)$ in quintessence and phantom dark energy models. To resolve the coincidence problem, it is generally believed that there is a scaling stage in the evolution of the universe. We analyze the condition for this stage and show that a hyperbolic form of the function $f(z)$ can work well in this property. We find that during the scaling stage (before $z\approx 2$), the dark energy behaves like (but not identical to) a cold dark matter with an adiabatic sound speed $c_{s}^{2}\approx 0$ and $p_{x}\approx 0$. After $z\approx 2$, the pressure of dark energy becomes negative. The transition from deceleration to acceleration happens at $z_{T}\approx 0.8$ which, as well as other predictions of the $5D$ model, agree with current observations.
We study the accelerating expansion and the induced dark energy of the $5D$ Ricci-flat universe which is characterized by having a big bounce as opposed to a big bang. We show that the arbitrary function $μ(t)$ contained in the $5D$ solutions can be rewritten in terms of the redshift $z$ as a new arbitrary function $f(z)$, and we find that there is a correspondence between this $f(z)$ and the potential $V(ϕ)$ of the 4D quintessence models. Using this correspondence, the arbitrary function $f(z)$ and the $5D$ solution could be specified for a given form of the potential $V(ϕ)$.
We consider a class of five-dimensional cosmological solutions which contains two arbitrary function $μ(t)$ and $ν(t)$. We found that the arbitrary function $μ(t)$ contained in the solutions can be rewritten in terms of the redshift $z$ as a new arbitrary function $f(z)$. We further showed that this new arbitrary function $f(z)$ could be solved out for four known parameterized equations of state of dark energy. Then the $5D$ models can be reconstructed and the evolution of the density and deceleration parameters of the universe can be determined.
In Spacetime-Matter theory we assume that the 4D induced matter of the $5D $ Ricci-flat bouncing cosmological solutions contains a perfect fluid as well as an induced scalar field. Then we show that the conventional 4D quintessence and phantom models of dark energy could be recovered from the $5D$ cosmological solutions. By using the phase-plane analysis to study the stability of evolution of the $5D$ models, we find that the conventional 4D late-time attractor solution is also recovered. This attractor solution shows that the scale factors of the phantom dominated universes in both the 4D and $5D$ theories will reach infinity in a finite time and the universes will be ended at a new kind of spacetime singularity at which everything will be annihilated. We also find that the repulsive force of the phantom may provide us with a mechanics to explain the bounce.
We consider a five-dimensional Ricci flat Bouncing cosmology and assume that the four-dimensional universe is permeated smoothly by three minimally coupled matter components: CDM+baryons $ρ_{m}$, radiation $ρ_{r}$ and dark energy $ρ_{x}$. Evolutions of these three components are studied and it is found that dark energy dominates before the bounce, and pulls the universe contracting. In this process, dark energy decreases while radiation and the matter increase. After the bounce, the radiation and matter dominates alternatively and then decrease with the expansion of the universe. At present, the dark energy dominates again and pushes the universe accelerating. In this model, we also obtain that the equation of state (EOS) of dark energy at present time is $w_{x0}\approx -1.05$ and the redshift of the transition from decelerated expansion to accelerated expansion is $z_{T}\approx 0.37$, which are compatible with the current observations.