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Hongyu Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Hongyu Liu.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
arXiv2016

Nearly non-scattering electromagnetic wave set and its application

For any inhomogeneous compactly supported electromagnetic (EM) medium, it is shown that there exists an infinite set of linearly independent electromagnetic waves which generate nearly vanishing scattered wave fields. If the inhomogeneous medium is coated with a layer of properly chosen conducting medium, then the wave set is generated from the Maxwell-Herglotz approximation to the interior PEC or PMC eigenfunctions and depends only on the shape of the inhomogeneous medium. If no such a conducting coating is used, then the wave set is generated from the Maxwell-Herglotz approximation to the generalised interior transmission eigenfunctions and depends on both the content and the shape of the inhomogeneous medium. We characterise the nearly non-scattering wave sets in both cases with sharp estimates. The results can be used to give a conceptual design of a novel shadowless lamp. The crucial ingredient is to properly choose the source of the lamp so that nearly no shadow will be produced by the surgeons operating under the lamp.

math.AP↗
arXiv2016

Mathematical design of a novel gesture-based instruction/input device using wave detection

In this paper, we present a conceptual design of a novel gesture-based instruction/input device using wave detection. The device recogonizes/detects gestures from a person and based on which to give the specific orders/inputs to the computing machine that is connected to it. The gestures are modelled as the shapes of some impenetrable or penetrable scatterers from a certain admissible class, called a dictionary. The device generates time-harmonic point signals for the gesture recognition/detection. It then collects the scattered wave in a relatively small backscattering aperture on a bounded surface containing the point sources. The recognition algorithm consists of two steps and requires only two incident waves of different wavenumbers. The approximate location of the scatterer is first determined by using the measured data at a small wavenumber and the shape of the scatterer is then identified using the computed location of the scatterer and the measured data at a regular wavenumber. We provide the mathematical principle with rigorous justifications underlying the design. Numerical experiments show that the proposed device works effectively and efficiently in some practical scenarios.

math.NA↗
arXiv2016

On Anomalous Localized Resonance for the Elastostatic System

We consider the anomalous localized resonance due to a plasmonic structure for the elastostatic system in R^2. The plasmonic structure takes a general core-shell-matrix form with the metamaterial located in the shell. If there is no core, we show that resonance occurs for a very broad class of sources. If the core is nonempty and of an arbitrary shape, we show that there exists a critical radius such that anomalous localized resonance (ALR) occurs. Our argument is based on a variational technique by making use of the primal and dual variational principles for the elastostatic system, along with the construction of suitable test functions.

math.AP↗
arXiv2015

Decoupling Elastic Waves and Its Applications

In this paper, we consider time-harmonic elastic wave scattering governed by the Lamé system. It is known that the elastic wave field can be decomposed into the shear and compressional parts, namely, the pressure and shear waves that are generally coexisting, but propagating at different speeds. We consider the third or fourth kind scatterer and derive two geometric conditions, respectively, related to the mean and Gaussian curvatures of the boundary surface of the scatterer that can ensure the decoupling of the shear and pressure waves. Then we apply the decoupling results to the uniqueness and stability analysis for inverse elastic scattering problems in determining polyhedral scatterers by a minimal number of far-field measurements.

math.AP↗
arXiv2015

Full and Partial Cloaking in Electromagnetic Scattering

In this paper, we consider two regularized transformation-optics cloaking schemes for electromagnetic (EM) waves. Both schemes are based on the blowup construction with the generating sets being, respectively, a generic curve and a planar subset. We derive sharp asymptotic estimates in assessing the cloaking performances of the two constructions in terms of the regularization parameters and the geometries of the cloaking devices. The first construction yields an approximate full-cloak, whereas the second construction yields an approximate partial-cloak. Moreover, by incorporating properly chosen conducting layers, both cloaking constructions are capable of nearly cloaking arbitrary EM contents. This work complements the existing results in [5--7] on approximate EM cloaks with the generating set being a singular point, and it also extends [9,25] on regularized full and partial cloaks for acoustic waves governed by the Helmholtz system to the more challenging EM case governed by the full Maxwell system.

math.AP↗
arXiv2015

On regularized full- and partial-cloaks in acoustic scattering

The aim of this work is to derive sharp quantitative estimates of the qualitative convergence results developed in [28] for regularized full- and partial-cloaks via the transformation-optics approach. Let $Γ_0$ be a compact set in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and $Γ_δ$ be a $δ$-neighborhood of $Γ_0$ for $δ\in\mathbb{R}_+$. $Γ_δ$ represents the virtual domain used for the blow-up construction. By incorporating suitably designed lossy layers, it is shown that if the generating set $Γ_0$ is a generic curve, then one would have an approximate full-cloak within $δ^2$ to the perfect full-cloak; whereas if $Γ_0$ is the closure of an open subset on a flat surface, then one would have an approximate partial-cloak within $δ$ to its perfect counterpart. The estimates derived are independent of the contents being cloaked; that is, the cloaking devices are capable of nearly cloaking an arbitrary content. Furthermore, as a significant byproduct, our argument allows the relaxation of the convexity requirement on $Γ_0$ in [28], which is critical for the Mosco convergence argument therein.

math.AP↗
arXiv2015

Plasmon resonance with finite frequencies: a validation of the quasi-static approximation for diametrically small inclusions

We study resonance for the Helmholz equation with a finite frequency in a plasmonic material of negative dielectric constant in two and three dimensions. We show that the quasi-static approximation is valid for diametrically small inclusions. In fact, we quantitatively prove that if the diameter of a inclusion is small compared to the loss parameter, then resonance occurs exactly at eigenvalues of the Neumann-Poincaré operator associated with the inclusion.

math.AP↗
arXiv2015

On quasi-static cloaking due to anomalous localized resonance in $\mathbb{R}^3$

This work concerns the cloaking due to anomalous localized resonance (CALR) in the quasi-static regime. We extend the related two-dimensional studies in [2,10] to the three-dimensional setting. CALR is shown not to take place for the plasmonic configuration considered in [2,10] in the three-dimensional case. We give two different constructions which ensure the occurrence of CALR. There may be no core or an arbitrary shape core for the cloaking device. If there is a core, then the dielectric distribution inside it could be arbitrary.

math.AP↗
arXiv2015

Recovering a polyhedral obstacle by a few backscattering measurements

We propose an inverse scattering scheme of recovering a polyhedral obstacle in $\mathbb{R}^n$, $n=2,3$, by only a few high-frequency acoustic backscattering measurements. The obstacle could be sound-soft or sound-hard. It is shown that the modulus of the far-field pattern in the backscattering aperture possesses a certain local maximum behavior, from which one can determine the exterior normal directions of the front sides/faces. Then by using the phaseless backscattering data corresponding to a few incident plane waves with suitably chosen incident directions, one can determine the exterior unit normal vector of each side/face of the obstacle. After the determination of the exterior unit normals, the recovery is reduced to a finite-dimensional problem of determining a location point of the obstacle and the distance of each side/face away from the location point. For the latter reconstruction, we need make use of the far-field data with phases. Numerical experiments are also presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

math.AP↗
arXiv2014

Nearly cloaking the elastic wave fields

In this work, we develop a general mathematical framework on regularized approximate cloaking of elastic waves governed by the Lamé system via the approach of transformation elastodynamics. Our study is rather comprehensive. We first provide a rigorous justification of the transformation elastodynamics. Based on the blow-up-a-point construction, elastic material tensors for a perfect cloak are derived and shown to possess singularities. In order to avoid the singular structure, we propose to regularize the blow-up-a-point construction to be the blow-up-a-small-region construction. However, it is shown that without incorporating a suitable lossy layer, the regularized construction would fail due to resonant inclusions. In order to defeat the failure of the lossless construction, a properly designed lossy layer is introduced into the regularized cloaking construction . We derive sharp asymptotic estimates in assessing the cloaking performance. The proposed cloaking scheme is capable of nearly cloaking an arbitrary content with a high accuracy.

math.AP↗
arXiv2014

Regularized Transformation-Optics Cloaking in Acoustic and Electromagnetic Scattering

We consider transformation-optics based cloaking in acoustic and electromagnetic scattering. The blueprints for an ideal cloak use singular acoustic and electromagnetic materials, posing server difficulties to both theoretical analysis and practical fabrication. In order to avoid the singular structures, various regularized approximate cloaking schemes have been developed. We survey these developments in this paper. We also propose some challenging issues for further investigation.

math.AP↗
arXiv2013

Inverse Elastic Scattering for Multiscale Rigid Bodies with A Single Far-field Pattern

We develop three inverse elastic scattering schemes for locating multiple small, extended and multiscale rigid bodies, respectively. There are some salient and promising features of the proposed methods. The cores of those schemes are certain indicator functions, which are obtained by using only a single far-field pattern of the pressure (longitudinal) wave, or the shear (transversal) wave, or the total wave field. Though the inverse scattering problem is known to be nonlinear and ill-posed, the proposed reconstruction methods are totally "direct" and there are no inversions involved. Hence, the methods are very efficient and robust against noisy data. Both rigorous mathematical justifications and numerical simulations are presented in our study.

math.AP↗
arXiv2013

Uniqueness in Determining Refractive Indices by Formally-determined Far-field Data

We present two uniqueness results for the inverse problem of determining an index of refraction by the corresponding acoustic far-field measurement encoded into the scattering amplitude. The first one is a local uniqueness in determining a variable index of refraction by the fixed incident-direction scattering amplitude. The inverse problem is formally posed with such measurement data. The second one is a global uniqueness in determining a constant refractive index by a single far-field measurement. The arguments are based on the study of certain nonlinear and non-selfadjoint interior transmission eigenvalue problems.

math.AP↗
arXiv2013

Nearly Cloaking the Full Maxwell Equations

The approximate cloaking is investigated for time-harmonic Maxwell's equations via the approach of transformation optics. The problem is reduced to certain boundary effect estimates due to an inhomogeneous electromagnetic inclusion with an asymptotically small support but an arbitrary content enclosed by a thin high-conducting layer. Sharp estimates are established in terms of the asymptotic parameter, which are independent of the material tensors of the small electromagnetic inclusion. The result implies that the `blow-up-a-small-region' construction via the transformation optics approach yields a near-cloak for the electromagnetic waves. A novelty lies in the fact that the geometry of the cloaking construction of this work can be very general. Moreover, by incorporating the conducting layer developed in the present paper right between the cloaked region and the cloaking region, arbitrary electromagnetic contents can be nearly cloaked. Our mathematical technique extends the general one developed in [30] for nearly cloaking scalar optics. In order to investigate the approximate electromagnetic cloaking for general geometries with arbitrary cloaked contents, new techniques and analysis tools must be developed for this more challenging vector optics case.

math.AP↗
arXiv2013

Nearly Cloaking the Full Maxwell Equations: Cloaking Active Contents with General Conducting Layers

The regularized near-cloak via the transformation optics approach in the time-harmonic electromagnetic scattering is considered. This work extends the existing studies mainly in two aspects. First, it presents a near-cloak construction by incorporating a much more general conducting layer between the cloaked and cloaking regions. This might be of significant practical importance when production fluctuations occur. Second, it allows the cloaked contents to be both passive and active with an applied current inside. In assessing the near-cloaking performance, comprehensive and sharp estimates are derived for the scattering amplitude in terms of the asymptotic regularization parameter and the material tensors of the conducting layer. The scattering estimates are independent of the passive/active contents being cloaked, which implies that one could nearly cloak arbitrary contents by using the proposed near-cloak construction.

math.AP↗
arXiv2013

Locating Multiple Multi-scale Electromagnetic Scatterers by A Single Far-field Measurement

Two inverse scattering schemes were recently developed in \cite{LiLiuShangSun} for locating multiple electromagnetic (EM) scatterers, respectively, of small size and regular size compared to the detecting EM wavelength. Both schemes make use of a single far-field measurement. The scheme of locating regular-size scatterers requires the {\it a priori} knowledge of the possible shapes, orientations and sizes of the underlying scatterer components. In this paper, we extend that imaging scheme to a much more practical setting by relaxing the requirement on the orientations and sizes. We also develop an imaging scheme of locating multiple multi-scale EM scatterers, which may include at the same time, both components of regular size and small size. For the second scheme, a novel local re-sampling technique is developed. Furthermore, more robust and accurate reconstruction can be achieved for the second scheme if an additional far-field measurement is used. Rigorous mathematical justifications are provided and numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and the promising features of the proposed imaging schemes.

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