arXiv subjects

Hrvoje Pandzic

Publications and source records attributed to Hrvoje Pandzic.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

A Hybrid Renewable-Battery-Electrolyzer Facility under the Single Imbalance Pricing Scheme

European energy markets are decentralized and entail balance responsibility of each market player. This stresses the importance of imbalance management of renewable energy sources (RES), as the imbalance payments can strongly reduce their profitability. According to the EU Electricity Balancing Guideline, each European transmission system operator should use the single imbalance pricing method which treats both deviation directions the same, no matter if a deviation helps the system or pushes it away from the balance. This paper aims to investigate the behavior of a hybrid facility consisting of an uncontrollable RES, a battery and an electrolyzer under such market setting. The formulated mathematical model of the hybrid facility seeks to maximize profit in the day-ahead energy market, while minimizing the imbalance costs. Uncertainty of the RES output is captured using stochastic scenarios, while the direction of the power system deviation, relevant for the imbalance pricing, is modeled using a newly proposed robust approach. Results of the case study indicate that the single imbalance pricing scheme might bring flexible assets to temptation of intentional deviations should they anticipate favorable imbalance prices.

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arXiv2022

Solving Bilevel AC OPF Problems by Smoothing the Complementary Conditions -- Part II: Solution Techniques and Case Study

This is a second part of the research on AC optimal power flow being used in the lower level of the bilevel strategic bidding or investment models. As an example of a suitable upper-level problem, we observe a strategic bidding of energy storage and propose a novel formulation based on the smoothing technique. After presenting the idea and scope of our work, as well as the model itself and the solution algorithm in the companion paper (Part I), this paper presents a number of existing solution techniques and the proposed one based on smoothing the complementary conditions. The superiority of the proposed algorithm and smoothing techniques is demonstrated in terms of accuracy and computational tractability over multiple transmission networks of different sizes and different OPF models. The results indicate that the proposed approach outperforms all other options in both metrics by a significant margin. This is especially noticeable in the metric of accuracy where out of total 422 optimizations over 9 meshed networks the greatest AC OPF error is 0.023% that is further reduced to 3.3e-4% in the second iteration of our algorithm.

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arXiv2021

Assessing the Impact of Offshore Wind Siting Strategies on the Design of the European Power System

This paper provides a detailed account of the impact of different offshore wind siting strategies on the design of the European power system. To this end, a two-stage method is proposed. In the first stage, a highly-granular siting problem identifies a suitable set of sites where offshore wind plants could be deployed according to a pre-specified criterion. Two siting schemes are analysed and compared within a realistic case study. These schemes essentially select a pre-specified number of sites so as to maximise their aggregate power output and their spatiotemporal complementarity, respectively. In addition, two variants of these siting schemes are provided, wherein the number of sites to be selected is specified on a country-by-country basis rather than Europe-wide. In the second stage, the subset of previously identified sites is passed to a capacity expansion planning (CEP) framework that sizes the power generation, transmission and storage assets that should be deployed and operated in order to satisfy pre-specified electricity demand levels at minimum cost. Results show that the complementarity-based siting criterion leads to system designs which are up to 5% cheaper than the ones relying the power output-based criterion when offshore wind plants are deployed with no consideration for country-based deployment targets. On the contrary, the power output-based scheme leads to system designs which are consistently 2% cheaper than the ones leveraging the complementarity-based siting strategy when such constraints are enforced. The robustness of the results is supported by a sensitivity analysis on offshore wind capital expenditure and inter-annual weather variability, respectively.

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