arXiv subjects

Hua Chen

Publications and source records attributed to Hua Chen.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

arXiv2019

Out-of-plane carrier spin in transition-metal dichalcogenides under electric current

In a multilayer comprising ferromagnet and heavy metal, in-plane carrier spin is induced by applied electric current owing to Rashba spin-orbit coupling, while the out-of-plane component is absent. We propose the out-of-plane carrier spin can emerge in ferromagnetic transition-metal dichalcogenides monolayer, by symmetry arguments and first-principles calculations. An intrinsic spin-orbit coupling in the monolayer provides valley-contrasting Zeeman-type spin splitting for generating the vertical induced spin. The current direction can be exploited to tune the induced spin, accompanied with valley polarization. The exotic spin accumulation paves an accessible way for perpendicular magnetization switching and electric control of valleys.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2019

Spin Hall effects without spin currents in magnetic insulators

The spin Hall effect (SHE) is normally discussed in terms of a spin current, which is ill-defined in strongly spin-orbit-coupled systems because of spin non-conservation. In this work we propose an alternative view of SHE phenomena by relating them to a spin analog of charge polarization induced by an electric field. The spin density polarization is most conveniently defined in insulators, which can have a SHE if they break time-reversal symmetry, i.e. if they are magnetic. The reciprocal of this SHE is a counterpart of the inverse SHE (ISHE), and is manifested in magnetic insulators as a charge polarization induced by a Zeeman field gradient. We use a modified Kane-Mele model to illustrate the magnetic spin Hall effect, and to discuss its bulk-boundary relationship.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2019

Manipulating Anomalous Hall Antiferromagnets with Magnetic Fields

The symmetry considerations that imply a non-zero anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in certain non-collinear antiferromagnets also imply both non-zero orbital magnetization and a net spin magnetization. We have explicitly evaluated the orbital magnetizations of several anomalous Hall effect antiferromagnets and find that they tend to dominate over spin magnetizations, especially so when spin-orbit interactions are weak. Because of the greater relative importance of orbital magnetization the coupling between magnetic order and an external magnetic field is unusual. We explain how magnetic fields can be used to manipulate magnetic configurations in these systems, pointing in particular to the important role played by the response of orbital magnetization to the Zeeman-like spin exchange fields.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2019

Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect through Canted Antiferromagnetism

Most canted antiferromagnets are also anomalous Hall antiferromagnets (AHE AFMs), i.e. they have an anomalous Hall response and other responses with the same symmetry requirements. We suggest that AHE AFMs are promising materials as hosts for high-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effects. By considering models of two-dimensional (001) perovskite layers with strong spin-orbit coupling that isolates an effective total angular momentum $\tilde{j}= \frac{1}{2}$ subspace of the $t_{2g}$ manifold, we propose a strategy to engineering quantum anomalous Hall antiferromagnets.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2018

Interaction-Driven Topological Switch in a $P$-Band Honeycomb Lattice

The non-interacting band structure of spinless fermions in a two-dimensional ($d=2$) $p$-band honeycomb lattice exhibits two quadratic band touching points (QBTPs), which lie at the Fermi levels of filling $ν=1/4$ and its particle-hole conjugated filling $ν=3/4$. A weak Hubbard interaction $U$ spontaneously breaks the time-reversal symmetry and removes the QBTP, rendering the system into a quantum anomalous Hall insulator (QAHI). The first-order topological nature of QAHI is characterized by a nontrivial Chern number and supports ($d-1$)-dimensional chiral edge modes. With increasing the interaction $U$, the system is driven into a Dirac semimetal by breaking the crystal symmetry through a discontinuous quantum phase transition. The emergent Dirac points each with Berry flux $π$ are generated in pairs, originating from the $2π$ Berry flux of QBTP. A sufficiently large $U$ ultimately drives the system into a dimerized insulator (DI) by simultaneously annihilating the Dirac points at the Brillouin zone boundary. The second-order topological nature of DI is characterized by the quantized polarizations and supports ($d-2$)-dimensional corner states. Our study provides a unique setting for exploring the topological switch between the first-order and second-order topological insulators.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2018

Crystalline Splitting of $d$ Orbitals in Regular Optical Lattices

In solids, crystal field splitting refers to the lifting of atomic orbital degeneracy by the surrounding ions through the static electric field. Similarly, we show that the degenerated $d$ orbitals, which were derived in the harmonic oscillator approximation, are split into a low-lying $d_{x^2+y^2}$ singlet and a $d_{x^2-y^2/xy}$ doublet by the high-order Taylor polynomials of triangular optical potential. The low-energy effective theory of the orbital Mott insulator at $2/3$ filling is generically described by the Heisenberg-Compass model, where the antiferro-orbital exchange interactions of compass type depend on the bond orientation and are geometrically frustrated in the triangular lattice. While, for the square optical lattice, the degenerated $d$ orbitals are split into a different multiplet structure, i.e. a low-lying $d_{x^2\pm y^2}$ doublet and a $d_{xy}$ singlet, which has its physical origin in the $C_{4v}$ point group symmetry of square optical potential. Our results build a novel bridge between ultracold atom systems and solid-state systems for the investigation of $d$-orbital physics.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2018

Ultrathin Films of Superconducting Metals as a Platform for Topological Superconductivity

The ingredients normally required to achieve topological superconductivity (TSC) are Cooper pairing, broken inversion symmetry, and broken time-reversal symmetry. We present a theoretical exploration of the possibility of using ultra-thin films of superconducting metals as a platform for TSC. Because they necessarily break inversion symmetry when prepared on a substrate and have intrinsic Cooper pairing, they can be TSCs when time-reversal symmetry is broken by an external magnetic field. Using microscopic density functional theory calculations we show that for ultrathin Pb and $β$-Sn superconductors the position of the Fermi level can be tuned to quasi-2D band extrema energies using strain, and that the $g$-factors of these Bloch states can be extremely large enhancing the influence of external magnetic fields.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2018

A free boundary problem for a class of parabolic-elliptic type chemotaxis model

In this paper, we study a free boundary problem for a class of parabolic-elliptic type chemotaxis model in high dimensional symmetry domain Ω. By using the contraction mapping principle and operator semigroup approach, we establish the existence of the solution for such kind of chemotaxis system in the domain Ωwith free boundary condition. Besides, we get the explicit formula for the free boundary and show the chemotactic collapse for the solution of the system.

math.AP↗

arXiv2018

Gevrey smoothing effect for the spatially inhomogeneous Boltzmann equations without cut-off

In this article we study the Gevrey regularization effect for the spatially inhomogeneous Boltzmann equation without angular cutoff. This equation is partially elliptic in the velocity direction and degenerates in the spatial variable. We consider the nonlinear Cauchy problem for the fluctuation around the Maxwellian distribution and prove that any solution with mild regularity will become smooth in Gevrey class at positive time, with Gevrey index depending on the angular singularity. Our proof relies on the symbolic calculus for the collision operator and the global subelliptic estimate for the Cauchy problem of linearized Boltzmann operator.

math.AP↗

arXiv2018

Geometric Dynamics of Magnetization: Electronic Contribution

To give a general description of the influences of electric fields or currents on magnetization dynamics, we developed a semiclassical theory for the magnetization implicitly coupled to electronic degrees of freedom. In the absence of electric fields the Bloch electron Hamiltonian changes the Berry curvature, the effective magnetic field, and the damping in the dynamical equation of the magnetization, which we classify into intrinsic and extrinsic effects. Static electric fields modify these as first-order perturbations, using which we were able to give a physically clear interpretation of the current-induced spin-orbit torques. We used a toy model mimicking a ferromagnet-topological-insulator interface to illustrate the various effects, and predicted an anisotropic gyromagnetic ratio and the dynamical stability for an in-plane magnetization. Our formalism can also be applied to the slow dynamics of other order parameters in crystalline solids.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2018

A Spectral Method for Stable Bispectrum Inversion with Application to Multireference Alignment

We focus on an alignment-free method to estimate the underlying signal from a large number of noisy randomly shifted observations. Specifically, we estimate the mean, power spectrum, and bispectrum of the signal from the observations. Since bispectrum contains the phase information of the signal, reliable algorithms for bispectrum inversion is useful in many applications. We propose a new algorithm using spectral decomposition of the normalized bispectrum matrix for this task. For clean signals, we show that the eigenvectors of the normalized bispectrum matrix correspond to the true phases of the signal and its shifted copies. In addition, the spectral method is robust to noise. It can be used as a stable and efficient initialization technique for local non-convex optimization for bispectrum inversion.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2017

Correlation effects and hidden spin-orbit entangled electronic order in parent and electron-doped iridates Sr$_2$IrO$_4$

Analogs of the high-T$_c$ cuprates have been long sought after in transition metal oxides. Due to the strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC), the $5d$ perovskite iridates Sr$_2$IrO$_4$ exhibit a low-energy electronic structure remarkably similar to the cuprates. Whether a superconducting state exists as in the cuprates requires understanding the correlated spin-orbit entangled electronic states. Recent experiments discovered hidden order in the parent and electron doped iridates, some with striking analogies to the cuprates, including Fermi surface pockets, Fermi arcs, and pseudogap. Here, we study the correlation and disorder effects in a five-orbital model derived from the band theory. We find that the experimental observations are consistent with a $d$-wave spin-orbit density wave order that breaks the symmetry of a joint two-fold spin-orbital rotation followed by a lattice translation. There is a Berry phase and a plaquette spin flux due to spin procession as electrons hop between Ir atoms, akin to the intersite SOC in quantum spin Hall insulators. The associated staggered circulating $J_\text{eff}=1/2$ spin current can be probed by advanced techniques of spin-current detection in spintronics. This electronic order can emerge spontaneously from the intersite Coulomb interactions between the spatially extended iridium $5d$ orbitals, turning the metallic state into an electron doped quasi-2D Dirac semimetal with important implications on the possible superconducting state suggested by recent experiments.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2017

Topological Dirac states beyond $π$ orbitals for silicene on SiC(0001) surface

The discovery of intriguing properties related to the Dirac states in graphene has spurred huge interest in exploring its two-dimensional group-IV counterparts, such as silicene, germanene, and stanene. However, these materials have to be obtained via synthesizing on substrates with strong interfacial interactions, which usually destroy their intrinsic $π$($p_z$)-orbital Dirac states. Here we report a theoretical study on the existence of Dirac states arising from the $p_{x,y}$ orbitals instead of $p_z$ orbitals in silicene on 4H-SiC(0001), which survive in spite of the strong interfacial interactions. We also show that the exchange field together with the spin-orbital coupling give rise to a detectable band gap of 1.3 meV. Berry curvature calculations demonstrate the nontrivial topological nature of such Dirac states with a Chern number $C = 2$, presenting the potential of realizing quantum anomalous Hall effect for silicene on SiC(0001). Finally, we construct a minimal effective model to capture the low-energy physics of this system. This finding is expected to be also applicable to germanene and stanene, and imply great application potentials in nanoelectronics.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2017

Kondo Effect with Weyl Semimetal Fermi Arcs

We investigate the Kondo effect of the Fermi arcs in a time-reversal-invariant Weyl semimetal with the variational method. To show the consequence brought out by the nontrivial spin texture, we calculate the spatial spin-spin correlation functions. The correlation functions exhibit high anisotropy. The diagonal correlation functions are dominated by the antiferromagnetic correlation while the off-diagonal part has more complicated pattern. The correlation functions obey the same symmetry as the spin texture. Tuning chemical potential changes the pattern of the correlation functions and the correlation length. The correlation functions of the Weyl semimetal Fermi arcs and that from a Dirac semimetal show discrepancy.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2017

Stability of the $N = 2$ bubble states in Corbino geometry under a tilted field

We measured the activation energy gap of the N = 2 bubble states using tilted-field technique in two GaAs/AlGaAs samples with Corbino geometry, and observed monotonically decreasing energy gaps with the increasing total magnetic field. The observed tilt angle dependence is discussed based on magneto-orbital coupling and finite-size effect. We also found a bubble state at an uncommon filling factor of 4.67, with an unanticipated energy gap of up to 5.35 K and opposite in-plane field dependence.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2016

Equation of motion of canonical tensor model and Hamilton-Jacobi equation of general relativity

The canonical tensor model (CTM) is a rank-three tensor model formulated as a totally constrained system in the canonical formalism. The constraint algebra of CTM has a similar structure as that of the ADM formalism of general relativity, and is studied as a discretized model for quantum gravity. In this paper, we analyze the classical equation of motion (EOM) of CTM in a formal continuum limit through a derivative expansion of the tensor up to the forth order, and show that it is the same as the EOM of a coupled system of gravity and a scalar field derived from the Hamilton-Jacobi equation with an appropriate choice of an action. The action contains a scalar field potential of an exponential form, and the system classically respects a dilatational symmetry. We find that the system has a critical dimension, given by six, over which it becomes unstable due to the wrong sign of the scalar kinetic term. In six dimensions, de Sitter spacetime becomes a solution to the EOM, signaling the emergence of a conformal symmetry, while the time evolution of the scale factor is power-law in dimensions below six.

hep-th↗

arXiv2016

Hermite-Hadamard and Hermite-Hadamard-Fejér type Inequalities for Generalized Fractional Integrals

In this paper we obtain the Hermite-Hadamard and Hermite-Hadamard-Fejér type inequalities for fractional integrals which generalize the two familiar fractional integrals namely, the Riemann-Liouville and the Hadamard fractional integrals into a single form. We prove that, in most cases, we obtain the Riemann--Liouville and the Hadamard equivalence just by taking limits when a parameter $ρ\rightarrow 1$ and $ρ\rightarrow 0^+$, respectively.

math.CA↗

arXiv2016

Polarization basis tracking scheme for quantum key distribution with revealed sifted key bits

Calibration of the polarization basis between the transmitter and receiver is an important task in quantum key distribution (QKD). An effective polarization-basis tracking scheme will decrease the quantum bit error rate (QBER) and improve the efficiency of a polarization encoding QKD system. In this paper, we proposed a polarization-basis tracking scheme using only unveiled sifted key bits while performing error correction by legitimate users, rather than introducing additional reference light or interrupting the transmission of quantum signals. A polarization-encoding fiber BB84 QKD prototype was developed to examine the validity of this scheme. An average QBER of 2.32% and a standard derivation of 0.87% have been obtained during 24 hours of continuous operation.

quant-ph↗