arXiv subjects

Huikang Hu

Publications and source records attributed to Huikang Hu.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

EvoThink: Evolving Thinking in Large Reasoning Models via Self-Pruning and Aha-Moment Preference Optimization

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) often suffer from overthinking due to redundant verification steps. Existing approaches for mitigating overthinking, such as fast-slow thinking switching and reasoning trajectory compression, fail to make a fine-grained distinction between beneficial and redundant steps within the LRM's reasoning process, and may thus impair reasoning capability in their pursuit of efficiency. To simultaneously improve reasoning efficiency and capability, we propose EvoThink, a framework that reduces redundant verification and encourages the exploration of new reasoning paths. EvoThink comprises two key components: Self-Pruning Training (SPT), an unsupervised method that iteratively prunes redundant reasoning steps and self-trains on the concise trajectories; and Aha-Moment Preference Optimization (AMPO), which, inspired by genetic algorithms, identifies valuable failed reasoning attempts, synthesizes from-wrong-to-right aha-moment data, and optimizes the model to internalize this reasoning pattern. Extensive evaluations across mathematical reasoning and code generation benchmarks demonstrate that EvoThink not only substantially reduces inference-time token usage but also improves the reasoning capability of LRMs.

cs.AI↗

arXiv2025

ELAIPBench: A Benchmark for Expert-Level Artificial Intelligence Paper Understanding

While large language models (LLMs) excel at many domain-specific tasks, their ability to deeply comprehend and reason about full-length academic papers remains underexplored. Existing benchmarks often fall short of capturing such depth, either due to surface-level question design or unreliable evaluation metrics. To address this gap, we introduce ELAIPBench, a benchmark curated by domain experts to evaluate LLMs' comprehension of artificial intelligence (AI) research papers. Developed through an incentive-driven, adversarial annotation process, ELAIPBench features 403 multiple-choice questions from 137 papers. It spans three difficulty levels and emphasizes non-trivial reasoning rather than shallow retrieval. Our experiments show that the best-performing LLM achieves an accuracy of only 39.95%, far below human performance. Moreover, we observe that frontier LLMs equipped with a thinking mode or a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) system fail to improve final results-even harming accuracy due to overthinking or noisy retrieval. These findings underscore the significant gap between current LLM capabilities and genuine comprehension of academic papers.

cs.AI↗

arXiv2025

After Retrieval, Before Generation: Enhancing the Trustworthiness of Large Language Models in Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a promising paradigm, yet its trustworthiness remains a critical concern. A major vulnerability arises prior to generation: models often fail to balance parametric (internal) and retrieved (external) knowledge, particularly when the two sources conflict or are unreliable. To analyze these scenarios comprehensively, we construct the Trustworthiness Response Dataset (TRD) with 36,266 questions spanning four RAG settings. We reveal that existing approaches address isolated scenarios-prioritizing one knowledge source, naively merging both, or refusing answers-but lack a unified framework to handle different real-world conditions simultaneously. Therefore, we propose the BRIDGE framework, which dynamically determines a comprehensive response strategy of large language models (LLMs). BRIDGE leverages an adaptive weighting mechanism named soft bias to guide knowledge collection, followed by a Maximum Soft-bias Decision Tree to evaluate knowledge and select optimal response strategies (trust internal/external knowledge, or refuse). Experiments show BRIDGE outperforms baselines by 5-15% in accuracy while maintaining balanced performance across all scenarios. Our work provides an effective solution for LLMs' trustworthy responses in real-world RAG applications.

cs.CL↗

arXiv2024

Question Answering Over Spatio-Temporal Knowledge Graph

Spatio-temporal knowledge graphs (STKGs) enhance traditional KGs by integrating temporal and spatial annotations, enabling precise reasoning over questions with spatio-temporal dependencies. Despite their potential, research on spatio-temporal knowledge graph question answering (STKGQA) remains limited. This is primarily due to the lack of datasets that simultaneously contain spatio-temporal information, as well as methods capable of handling implicit spatio-temporal reasoning. To bridge this gap, we introduce the spatio-temporal question answering dataset (STQAD), the first comprehensive benchmark comprising 10,000 natural language questions that require both temporal and spatial reasoning. STQAD is constructed with real-world facts containing spatio-temporal information, ensuring that the dataset reflects practical scenarios. Furthermore, our experiments reveal that existing KGQA methods underperform on STQAD, primarily due to their inability to model spatio-temporal interactions. To address this, we propose the spatio-temporal complex question answering (STCQA) method, which jointly embeds temporal and spatial features into KG representations and dynamically filters answers through constraint-aware reasoning. STCQA achieves state-of-the-art performance, significantly outperforming existing baselines. Our work not only provides a valuable resource for future research but also advances the field by offering a robust baseline for answering complex spatio-temporal questions.

cs.CL↗