arXiv subjects

Huthaifa I Ashqar

Publications and source records attributed to Huthaifa I Ashqar.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

Analysis of Droughts and Their Intensities in California from 2000 to 2020

Drought has been perceived as a persistent threat globally and the complex mechanism of various factors contributing to its emergence makes it more troublesome to understand. Droughts and their severity trends have been a point of concern in the USA as well, since the economic impact of droughts has been substantial, especially in parts that contribute majorly to US agriculture. California is the biggest agricultural contributor to the United States with its share amounting up to 12% approximately for all of US agricultural produce. Although, according to a 20-year average, California ranks fifth on the list of the highest average percentage of drought-hit regions. Therefore, drought analysis and drought prediction are of crucial importance for California in order to mitigate the associated risks. However, the design of a consistent drought prediction model based on the dynamic relationship of the drought index remains a challenging task. In the present study, we trained a Voting Ensemble classifier utilizing a soft voting system and three different Random Forest models, to predict the presence of drought and also its intensity. In this paper, initially, we have discussed the trends of droughts and their intensities in various California counties reviewed the correlation of meteorological indicators with drought intensities and used these meteorological indicators for drought prediction so as to evaluate their effectiveness as well as significance.

cs.CY↗

arXiv2024

Object Detection using Oriented Window Learning Vi-sion Transformer: Roadway Assets Recognition

Object detection is a critical component of transportation systems, particularly for applications such as autonomous driving, traffic monitoring, and infrastructure maintenance. Traditional object detection methods often struggle with limited data and variability in object appearance. The Oriented Window Learning Vision Transformer (OWL-ViT) offers a novel approach by adapting window orientations to the geometry and existence of objects, making it highly suitable for detecting diverse roadway assets. This study leverages OWL-ViT within a one-shot learning framework to recognize transportation infrastructure components, such as traffic signs, poles, pavement, and cracks. This study presents a novel method for roadway asset detection using OWL-ViT. We conducted a series of experiments to evaluate the performance of the model in terms of detection consistency, semantic flexibility, visual context adaptability, resolution robustness, and impact of non-max suppression. The results demonstrate the high efficiency and reliability of the OWL-ViT across various scenarios, underscoring its potential to enhance the safety and efficiency of intelligent transportation systems.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

Eyeballing Combinatorial Problems: A Case Study of Using Multimodal Large Language Models to Solve Traveling Salesman Problems

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated proficiency in processing di-verse modalities, including text, images, and audio. These models leverage extensive pre-existing knowledge, enabling them to address complex problems with minimal to no specific training examples, as evidenced in few-shot and zero-shot in-context learning scenarios. This paper investigates the use of MLLMs' visual capabilities to 'eyeball' solutions for the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) by analyzing images of point distributions on a two-dimensional plane. Our experiments aimed to validate the hypothesis that MLLMs can effectively 'eyeball' viable TSP routes. The results from zero-shot, few-shot, self-ensemble, and self-refine zero-shot evaluations show promising outcomes. We anticipate that these findings will inspire further exploration into MLLMs' visual reasoning abilities to tackle other combinatorial problems.

cs.AI↗

arXiv2021

Impact of risk factors on work zone crashes using logistic models and Random Forest

Work zone safety is influenced by many risk factors. Consequently, a comprehensive knowledge of the risk factors identified from crash data analysis becomes critical in reducing risk levels and preventing severe crashes in work zones. This study focuses on the 2016 severe crashes that occurred in the State of Michigan (USA) in work zones along highway I-94. The study identified the risk factors from a wide range of crash variables characterizing environmental, driver, crash and road-related variables. The impact of these risk factors on crash severity was investigated using frequency analyses, logistic regression statistics, and a machine learning Random Forest (RF) algorithm. It is anticipated that the findings of this study will help traffic engineers and departments of transportation in developing work zone countermeasures to improve safety and reduce the crash risk. It was found that some of these factors could be overlooked when designing and devising work zone traffic control plans. Results indicate, for example, the need for appropriate traffic control mechanisms such as harmonizing the speed of vehicles before approaching work zones, the need to provide illumination at specific locations of the work zone, and the need to establish frequent public education programs, flyers, and ads targeting high-risk driver groups. Moreover, the Random Forest algorithm was found to be efficient, promising, and recommended in crash data analysis, specifically, when the data sample size is small.

cs.CY↗