arXiv subjects

Ilaria Caporali

Publications and source records attributed to Ilaria Caporali.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity and parity-violation through Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves with next-generation ground-based interferometers

In this work, we investigate the prospects for probing primordial non-Gaussianity and associated symmetry of parity through scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs), with third-generation gravitational-wave detectors. We develop a framework that accounts for contributions to the energy density spectrum of GWs arising from the scalar non-Gaussianity quantified by bispectrum and trispectrum, and perform parameter inference using simulated data from Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer. The parity-odd component of the scalar trispectrum induces circular polarization in the stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB), providing a direct probe of parity-violation in the primordial Universe. We show that future interferometers can place competitive constraints on the parity-odd scalar trispectrum, along with the bispectrum and parity-even trispectrum. Moreover, we include the astrophysical contribution, which could act as a foreground for the SIGWs. We show that, despite the addition of such a foreground, we are still able to effectively constrain the cosmological parameters related to SIGWs and the astrophysical parameters as well.

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2025

\texttt{GWBird}: a toolkit for the characterization of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background for Ground, Space, and Pulsar Timing Array detectors

The detection of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) is one of the most challenging tasks for both current and next-generation detectors. Successfully distinguishing the SGWB from instrumental noise and environmental effects requires accurate and flexible analysis tools capable of detecting the signal and determining its origin. In this paper, we introduce a unified framework and a user-friendly tool for SGWB characterization: \texttt{GWBird} (Gravitational Wave Background Inventory of Response functions for Detectors). This code enables the computation of overlap reduction functions (ORFs), power-law integrated sensitivity curves (PLS), angular response functions, and angular PLS (APLS). It supports the full range of gravitational wave polarization modes (tensor, scalar, and vector), allowing for the characterization of both isotropic and anisotropic SGWB components for all the polarizations. Additionally, the code includes functions for circular polarization characterization, which is particularly relevant for probing parity-violating signals. The framework integrates analyses for ground-based, space-based, and Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) detectors, offering a versatile framework for SGWB analysis. The \texttt{GWBird} code is publicly available at:~\github{https://github.com/ilariacaporali/GWBird}

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2025

Impact of correlated noise on the reconstruction of the stochastic gravitational wave background with Einstein Telescope

Einstein Telescope (ET) is a proposed next-generation Gravitational Wave (GW) interferometer designed to detect a large number of astrophysical and cosmological sources with unprecedented sensitivity. A key target for ET is the detection of a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB), a faint signal from unresolved GW sources. In its proposed triangular configuration, correlated Newtonian noise of seismic origin poses some challenges for the SGWB detection. We study the impact of correlated noise on the SGWB detection and relative parameter estimation for ET in the triangular configuration, comparing it to a 2L configuration with two separated L-shaped detectors. We perform a Bayesian analysis on simulated data, which shows that accurate reconstruction of the SGWB parameters and instrumental noise is achievable if the noise is properly modeled. We illustrate that neglecting correlated noise leads to significant biases in the parameter reconstruction. Our results show that while the 2L configuration provides slightly better parameter estimation precision, mainly due to its longer arm length, the triangular configuration remains competitive when accurate noise modeling is provided.

gr-qc↗