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Irina Holmes

Publications and source records attributed to Irina Holmes.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2021

Dyadic bi-parameter repeated commutator and dyadic product BMO

Consider a tensor product of simple dyadic shifts defined below. We prove here that for dyadic bi-parameter repeated commutator its norm can be estimated from below by Chang-Fefferman $BMO$ norm pertinent to its symbol. See Theorems in Section 8 at the end of this article. But this is done below under an extra assumption on the Haar--Fourier side of the symbol. In Section 7 we carefully analyze what goes wrong in the absence of this extra assumption. At the end of this note we also list a counterexample to the existing proof of characterization of bi-parameter repeated commutator with the Hilbert transforms. This is a counterexample to the proof, and it is not a counterexample to the statement of factorization result in bi-disc, or to Nehari's theorem in bi-disc. To the best of our knowledge Nehari's theorem on bi-disc is still open. Moreover its dyadic bi-parameter version considered in the present paper is also still open for general symbol without any extra restrictions.

math.AP↗
arXiv2020

Dyadic bi-parameter simple commutator and dyadic little BMO

Let $\bfT$ is a certain tensor product of simple dyadic shifts defined below. We prove here that for dyadic bi-parameter commutator the following equivalence holds $ \|\bfT b-b \bfT \| \asymp \|b\|_{bmo^d}$. This result is well-known for many types of bi-parameter commutators, see \cite{FS}, \cite{DLWY} and \cite{DPSK} for more details.

math.FA↗
arXiv2019

Bi-parameter embedding and measures with restriction energy condition

Nicola Arcozzi, Pavel Mozolyako, Karl-Mikael Perfekt, and Giulia Sarfatti recently gave the proof of a bi-parameter Carleson embedding theorem. Their proof uses heavily the notion of capacity on bi-tree. In this note we give one more proof of a bi-parameter Carleson embedding theorem that avoids the use of bi-tree capacity. Unlike the proof on a simple tree (in a pervious paper of the authors) that used the Bellman function technique, the proof here is based on some rather subtle comparison of energies of measures on bi-tree.

math.CA↗
arXiv2019

A comparison of box and Carleson conditions on bi-trees

In this note we give an example of measure satisfying the box condition on certain sub-bi-trees (see below) but not satisfying Carleson condition on those sub-bi-trees. This can be considered as a certain counterexample for two weight bi-parameter embedding of Carleson type. Our type of counterexample is impossible for a simple tree. In the case of a simple tree, the box condition, Carleson condition and two weight embedding are all equivalent. In the last section we show that bi-parameter box condition implies the bi-parameter capacitary estimate for dyadic rectangles.

math.CA↗
arXiv2018

The Sharp Constant in the Weak (1,1) Inequality for the Square Function: A New Proof

In this note we give a new proof of the sharp constant $C = e^{-1/2} + \int_0^1 e^{-x^2/2}\,dx$ in the weak (1, 1) inequality for the dyadic square function. The proof makes use of two Bellman functions $\mathbb{L}$ and $\mathbb{M}$ related to the problem, and relies on certain relationships between $\mathbb{L}$ and $\mathbb{M}$, as well as the boundary values of these functions, which we find explicitly. Moreover, these Bellman functions exhibit an interesting behavior: the boundary solution for $\mathbb{M}$ yields the optimal obstacle condition for $\mathbb{L}$, and vice versa.

math.CA↗
arXiv2018

Bellman function sitting on a tree

In this note we give a proof-by-formula of certain important embedding inequalities on dyadic tree. This is done with the help of Bellman function. We also consider the case of a bi-tree, where a different approach is explained.

math.CA↗
arXiv2018

Weighted little bmo and two-weight inequalities for Journé commutators

We characterize the boundedness of the commutators $[b, T]$ with biparameter Journé operators $T$ in the two-weight, Bloom-type setting, and express the norms of these commutators in terms of a weighted little $bmo$ norm of the symbol $b$. Specifically, if $μ$ and $λ$ are biparameter $A_p$ weights, $ν:= μ^{1/p}λ^{-1/p}$ is the Bloom weight, and $b$ is in $bmo(ν)$, then we prove a lower bound and testing condition $\|b\|_{bmo(ν)} \lesssim \sup \| [b, R_k^1 R_l^2]: L^p(μ) \rightarrow L^p(λ)\|$, where $R_k^1$ and $R_l^2$ are Riesz transforms acting in each variable. Further, we prove that for such symbols $b$ and any biparameter Journé operators $T$ the commutator $[b, T]:L^p(μ) \rightarrow L^p(λ)$ is bounded. Previous results in the Bloom setting do not include the biparameter case and are restricted to Calderón-Zygmund operators. Even in the unweighted, $p=2$ case, the upper bound fills a gap that remained open in the multiparameter literature for iterated commutators with Journé operators. As a by-product we also obtain a much simplified proof for a one-weight bound for Journé operators originally due to R. Fefferman.

math.CA↗
arXiv2017

Two weight Commutators in the Dirichlet and Neumann Laplacian settings

In this paper we establish the characterization of the weighted BMO via two weight commutators in the settings of the Neumann Laplacian $Δ_{N_+}$ on the upper half space $\mathbb{R}^n_+$ and the reflection Neumann Laplacian $Δ_N$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$ with respect to the weights associated to $Δ_{N_+}$ and $Δ_{N}$ respectively. This in turn yields a weak factorization for the corresponding weighted Hardy spaces, where in particular, the weighted class associated to $Δ_{N}$ is strictly larger than the Muckenhoupt weighted class and contains non-doubling weights. In our study, we also make contributions to the classical Muckenhoupt--Wheeden weighted Hardy space (BMO space respectively) by showing that it can be characterized via area function (Carleson measure respectively) involving the semigroup generated by the Laplacian on $\mathbb{R}^n$ and that the duality of these weighted Hardy and BMO spaces holds for Muckenhoupt $A^p$ weights with $p\in (1,2]$ while the previously known related results cover only $p\in (1,{n+1\over n}]$. We also point out that this two weight commutator theorem might not be true in the setting of general operators $L$, and in particular we show that it is not true when $L$ is the Dirichlet Laplacian $Δ_{D_+}$ on $\mathbb{R}^n_+$.

math.AP↗
arXiv2016

Commutators in the Two-Weight Setting

Let $R$ be the vector of Riesz transforms on $\mathbb{R}^n$, and let $μ,λ\in A_p$ be two weights on $\mathbb{R}^n$, $1 < p < \infty$. The two-weight norm inequality for the commutator $[b, R] : L^p(\mathbb{R}^n;μ) \to L^p(\mathbb{R}^n;λ)$ is shown to be equivalent to the function $b$ being in a BMO space adapted to $μ$ and $λ$. This is a common extension of a result of Coifman-Rochberg-Weiss in the case of both $λ$ and $μ$ being Lebesgue measure, and Bloom in the case of dimension one.

math.CA↗
arXiv2015

Two-Weight Inequalities for Commutators with Fractional Integral Operators

In this paper we investigate weighted norm inequalities for the commutator of a fractional integral operator and multiplication by a function. In particular, we show that, for $μ,λ\in A_{p,q}$ and $α/n+1/q=1/p$, the norm $\| [b,I_α]:L^p(μ^p)\to L^q(λ^q) \|$ is equivalent to the norm of $b$ in the weighted BMO space $BMO(ν)$, where $ν=μλ^{-1}$. This work extends some of the results on this topic existing in the literature, and continues a line of investigation which was initiated by Bloom in 1985 and was recently developed further by the first author, Lacey, and Wick.

math.CA↗
arXiv2015

Bloom's Inequality: Commutators in a Two-Weight Setting

In 1985, Bloom characterized the boundedness of the commutator $[b,H]$ as a map between a pair of weighted $L^{p}$ spaces, where both weights are in $A_p$. The characterization is in terms of a novel $BMO$ condition. We give a 'modern' proof of this result, in the case of $p=2$. In a subsequent paper, this argument will be used to generalize Bloom's result to all Calderón-Zygmund operators and dimensions.

math.CA↗
arXiv2015

Two Weight Inequalities for Iterated Commutators with Calderón-Zygmund Operators

Given a Calderón-Zygmund operator $T$, a classic result of Coifman-Rochberg-Weiss relates the norm of the commutator $[b, T]$ with the BMO norm of $b$. We focus on a weighted version of this result, obtained by Bloom and later generalized by Lacey and the authors, which relates $\| [b, T] : L^p(\mathbb{R}^n; μ) \to L^p(\mathbb{R}^n; λ) \|$ to the norm of $b$ in a certain weighted BMO space determined by $A_p$ weights $μ$ and $λ$. We extend this result to higher iterates of the commutator and recover a one-weight result of Chung-Pereyra-Perez in the process.

math.CA↗
arXiv2014

The Gaussian Radon Transform in Classical Wiener Space

We study the Gaussian Radon transform in the classical Wiener space of Brownian motion. We determine explicit formulas for transforms of Brownian functionals specified by stochastic integrals. A Fock space decomposition is also established for Gaussian measure conditioned to closed affine subspaces in Hilbert spaces.

math.PR↗
arXiv2014

The Gaussian Radon Transform and Machine Learning

There has been growing recent interest in probabilistic interpretations of kernel-based methods as well as learning in Banach spaces. The absence of a useful Lebesgue measure on an infinite-dimensional reproducing kernel Hilbert space is a serious obstacle for such stochastic models. We propose an estimation model for the ridge regression problem within the framework of abstract Wiener spaces and show how the support vector machine solution to such problems can be interpreted in terms of the Gaussian Radon transform.

stat.ML↗
arXiv2012

A Gaussian Radon Transform for Banach Spaces

We develop a Radon transform on Banach spaces using Gaussian measure and prove that if a bounded continuous function on a separable Banach space has zero Gaussian integral over all hyperplanes outside a closed bounded convex set in the Hilbert space corresponding to the Gaussian measure then the function is zero outside this set.

math.PR↗
arXiv2006

On a new symmetry of the solutions of the wave equation in the background of a Kerr black hole

This short paper derives the constant of motion of a scalar field in the gravitational field of a Kerr black hole which is associated to a Killing tensor of that space-time. In addition, there is found a related new symmetry operator S for the solutions of the wave equation in that background. That operator is a partial differential operator with a leading order time derivative of the first order that commutes with a normal form of the wave operator. That form is obtained by multiplication of the wave operator from the left with the reciprocal of the coefficient function of its second order time derivative. It is shown that S induces an operator that commutes with the generator of time evolution in a formulation of the initial value problem for the wave equation in the setting of strongly continuous semigroups.

gr-qc↗