arXiv subjects

Isaac Bernardino Dinis

Publications and source records attributed to Isaac Bernardino Dinis.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

RISTRETTO: Assembly and Testing of the Seven-spaxel, High-resolution, Diffraction-limited Spectrograph

The RISTRETTO project aims at the direct detection of the reflected light of extra-solar planets to measure albedos and detect possible biosignatures, using the high-contrast / high-resolution method. We report on the assembly, lab-testing and on-sky testing of the seven-spaxel high-resolution single-mode spectrograph which was built ahead of the rest of the instrument. The spectrograph is a high resolution echelle spectrograph build for high spectral fidelity being uder vacuum and thermally controlled. Once the assembly has been completed we had the chance to test it on sky using OHP 1.52 m telescope using the PAPYRUS AO system for injection in our spectrograph.

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2026

SAXO+, the second-stage adaptive optics for SPHERE: NCPA compensation and dark-hole loop with a pyramid wavefront sensor

The SAXO+ upgrade of the VLT/SPHERE adaptive optics system introduces a second-stage near-infrared pyramid wavefront sensor to improve high-contrast imaging, making accurate calibration of non-common path aberrations (NCPAs) essential to fully exploit its performance. This work refines the expected level of NCPAs in SAXO+ and presents the calibration procedures developed for static NCPA compensation and focal-plane dark-hole control. Monte Carlo simulations based on an updated Zemax optical model were used to estimate the NCPA error budget. These simulations are in good agreement with previous measurements on SPHERE and with the assumptions adopted in earlier performance studies. We also propose a calibration strategy that offloads most static aberration correction to the first-stage deformable mirror while preserving the second-stage mirror stroke for high-speed adaptive optics correction. These results validate the expected SAXO+ optical quality and establish the calibration framework required for efficient NCPA compensation and focal-plane wavefront control during future on-sky operations.

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2024

Upgrading SPHERE with the second stage AO system SAXO+: non-common path aberrations estimation and correction

SAXO+ is a planned enhancement of the existing SAXO, the VLT/ SPHERE adaptive optics system, deployed on ESO's Very Large Telescope. This upgrade is designed to significantly enhance the instrument's capacity to detect and analyze young Jupiter-like planets. The pivotal addition in SAXO+ is a second-stage adaptive optics system featuring a dedicated near-infrared pyramid wavefront sensor and a second deformable mirror. This secondary stage is strategically integrated to address any residual wavefront errors persisting after the initial correction performed by the current primary AO loop, SAXO. However, several recent studies clearly showed that in good conditions, even in the current system SAXO, non-common path aberrations (NCPAs) are the limiting factor of the final normalized intensity in focal plane, which is the final metric for ground-based high-contrast instruments. This is likely to be even more so the case with the new AO system, with which the AO residuals will be minimized. Several techniques have already been extensively tested on SPHERE in internal source and/or on-sky and will be presented in this paper. However, the use of a new type of sensor for the second stage, a pyramid wavefront sensor, will likely complicate the correction of these aberrations. Using an end-to-end AO simulation tool, we conducted simulations to gauge the effect of measured SPHERE NCPAs in the coronagraphic image on the second loop system and their correction using focal plane wavefront sensing systems. We finally analyzed how the chosen position of SAXO+ in the beam will impact the evolution of the NCPAs in the new instrument.

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2024

Numerical simulations for the SAXO+ upgrade: Performance analysis of the adaptive optics system

SPHERE, operating at the VLT since 2014, is currently one of the high-contrast instruments with a higher performance. Its adaptive optics system, known as SAXO, will be upgraded to SAXO+, which features the addition of a second stage of adaptive optics. This stage will use a near-infrared pyramid wavefront sensor to record images of fainter exoplanets around redder stars. In this work, we compare the performance of SAXO and SAXO+. We look for the optimal values of the key system parameters of SAXO+ for various science cases and turbulence conditions. We performed numerical simulations using COMPASS, an end-to-end adaptive optics simulation tool. We simulated perfect coronagraph images of an on-axis point source, and we minimized the residual starlight intensity between 3 and 5 $λ/D$ as a performance criterion. The explored parameter space includes science cases, turbulence conditions, and key system parameters. In every science case and turbulence condition, SAXO+ reduces the residual starlight intensity inside the correction zone of the second stage by a factor of ten compared to SAXO. The optimal first stage gain is lower for SAXO+ than for SAXO alone. We quantified the gain in performance of SAXO+ when changing the second stage frequency from 2 kHz to 3 kHz, and we conclude that 2 kHz may be sufficient for most realistic conditions. We give the optimal first stage gain as well as the first and second stage frequencies for every seeing, coherence time, and science case. Finally, we find that a 2 ${λ_{\mathrm{WFS}}}/D$ pyramid modulation radius is a good trade-off between performance and robustness against varying turbulence conditions. This study shows that the future SAXO+ system will outperform the current SAXO system in all studied cases.

astro-ph.IM↗